应试部分：
2006年5月二级笔译实务试题
【英译汉二选一】
【试题1】
Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.
In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year.
"It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.
A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.
Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of $100 million or more for each one.
Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.
In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.
A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.
Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance.
And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat.
"The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns," said Mr. Eira, sitting inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it."
译文一：
伴随着全球气温升高、气候变暖，曾经天寒地冻的北极大陆，冰雪正在逐渐消融，雪水的不断侵袭并日益影响着沿海地区人们的生活。
例如位于俄罗斯东北部海滨的别克维斯基（Bykovsky）小镇，居住着457户人家，由于受到冰雪融化迫使海平面升高的影响，海水以每年15至18英尺上涨的速度逐步向小镇推进，严重威胁当地居民的房屋和国家石油储备油库的安全。
“这里是永冻层，常年冰封雪盖，现在却正在慢慢消融。”对于那些意识到这个问题的在北极圈以北地区居住的四百万人来说，气候的变暖，在为他们带来新的机遇的同时，也为他们居住的环境、生活的家园、传统的文化带来了前所未有的挑战。
由于北极大陆冰雪的加速融化，使得北极圈以北地区的开发也已提上日程，这对于当地居民来说是喜忧参半。喜的是由于在巴伦支海（Barents）和喀拉海（Kara Seas）海域，探明石油储备丰富，可能会提高他们的生活水平。忧的是人们担心那些满载石油和液体天然气的船舶一旦出现泄漏，便会污染斯堪的纳维亚半岛（Scandinavia）水域的渔场（这里的新鲜海产往往直接供应欧洲和北美市场），后果将不堪设想。同时，随着能源产业的蓬勃发展，与之配套的发电场、工厂和大型货车排出的废物、废气必然会污染北极这片洁净的处女之地。
另外，海水对海岸侵蚀问题也同样困扰着美国的阿拉斯加（Alaska）沿海地区。美国政府不得不斥巨额资金解决部分受此影响的因纽特人村庄（Inuit Villages）的搬迁安置问题。每重新安置一个这样的村庄，就需要耗资一亿美元。
现在，居住在北极大陆这片极寒之地数百年的部落居民也开始注意到了当地气候环境和野生动物的变化，并努力适应这种改变，然而现实情况却令他们深感沮丧。
芬马克（Finnmark）是位于挪威最北部的城市。每至冬末，这里便呈现出一派白雪皑皑的高原景象：四周万物寂静，时不时传来几声驯鹿的叫声，有时还能听到拉着电动雪橇的驯鹿群匆忙赶路的声响。
虽然，在环境保护和本土文化传承方面，挪威可谓是佼佼者，鲜有国家能与她匹敌。政府把开采石油获得的财富都用在了北极地区生态保护工作上，萨米文化（Sami Culture）的复兴就是有利的证明。
但是，北极大陆冰雪的消融在这里也能明显感觉到。31岁的牧人伊萨特·艾伊拉（Issat Eira）告诉我们：“连驯鹿都变得情绪低落了。”
无论政府再出台优惠政策，都无法让艾伊拉相信，他以鹿为生的日子将会和以往一样。和美国德州牧场主人一样，他并没有透露鹿群数量，但他表示在秋季和春季，由于气温升高，地面上的冰雪融化后很快渗入泥土，再次结冰，影响着青苔的生长，这样一来驯鹿想要吃地上的青苔就愈发困难重重。
艾伊拉先生坐在他用驯鹿皮做的房子中谈到：“由于那些制定政策的人都住在南方的城市里，因此对于气候变暖所带来对冰雪的影响他们无法感同身受。而这种变化只有像我们这样住在北方的靠天吃饭，靠地穿衣的人才能有切身体会。”翻译：学员王晓芳
译文二：
由于温度上升，北极冰面开始融化，断裂，导致下面的海水大量涌出，威胁着沿岸居民的生活。
别克维斯基是坐落在俄国东北部沿海的一个小村庄，村内有457人。这里的海岸线正在渐渐消失，海水以每年15到18英尺的速度逼近房屋和燃油罐。
北极圈北部几乎全部被冰雪覆盖着，属于永久冻结带，现在却在渐渐地融化。这里共有400万居民，气候变化给他们带来了机遇，同时也对他们的居住环境和家园带来了危险。同样，那些世代居住在冰雪地带的居民也面临着挑战，那就是如何保护以冰雪为特色的传统文化。
北极洋面的融化加快了人们开发北极地区的热潮，这既使当地人收益，同时也给他们造成了危险。在巴伦支海和喀拉海发现了大片油田，大量轮船把石油运往斯堪的纳维亚附近的渔场，在那里把石油液化，然后运往欧洲和北美市场。人们担心这一过程过引发灾难事故。同时，不断增长的能源产业需要大量发电机，烟囱和大型交通工具，这将污染这片未被开发的“处女地”。
阿拉斯加也面临着海平线消失的威胁，美国政府不得不将采取措施安置几个因纽特村庄。预计每个村庄的安置费用将达到或超过一亿美元。
芬马克郡位于挪威最北部。晚冬时节，绵延无尽的雪域高原呈现出一片白茫茫的北极风光。寂静的旷野上，偶尔传来驯鹿的叫声和雪车鸣笛声。
在这里也能感到北极发生的变化。31岁的牧人说：“驯鹿越来越不活泼了”。
在环境保护和本地风俗方面，挪威做得最好，几乎没有国家能够超过。挪威把大量依靠石油赚取的财富投入这个地区，使萨米文化重新焕发一些生机。
然而即使政府救助再多，也无法保证艾依拉的生活不会发生改变。他的生活紧紧地和驯鹿联系在一起，像德克萨州的牧场主一样，他不让外人知道他饲养了多少只驯鹿。他说，春秋两季由于温度较高，积雪上层融化成水，冬天来临时又结成冰，把苔藓覆盖住，使驯鹿很难觅到食物。
艾依拉坐在用鹿皮建成的房子里。他说：“那些决策者住在南部城里，他们感受不到这里的气候变化，只有靠大自然吃饭的人才能感受得到”。翻译：学员刘丽
2006年5月二级笔译实务试题
【韩刚老师参考译文】
Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.
随着全球变暖，海冰融化，海水水位上涨，侵蚀着北极圈附近的沿海居住区。
In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year.
位于俄罗斯东北海岸的拜考夫斯凯村（Bykovsky）有457名居民，这里的海岸线逐渐受到侵蚀，每年以15至18英尺的速度后退，日益逼近村舍和村里的供暖用油箱。
"It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.
“这里实际上是永冻层， 全是冰，而现在这些冰层都在融化。”对于生活在北极圈以北的400万居民来说，气候变化带来了新机遇，但是也对他们的居住环境、住所构成了威胁。很多居民世代生活在冰天雪地的荒野之上，形成了自己独特的传统习俗，气候变化自然也会威胁到对这种文化的保护。
A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.
随着北冰洋的海冰日渐融化，人们开始加速开发北极地区，这对于极地居民来说利弊兼有。在巴伦支海和卡拉海地区发现了大型油田后，人们不禁担心，满载着石油（不久后还会有液化气）的船只穿行斯堪的纳维亚沿岸的渔场前往欧洲和北美市场的途中可能会发生灾难性事故。随着北极地区能源工业的蓬勃发展，发电厂、烟囱和大型运输工具等配套设备、设施相继建立或出现，这片未被人类染指的净土也终将会受到污染。
Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of $100 million or more for each one.
阿拉斯加也面临海岸线受到侵蚀的问题。对此，美国政府计划对几个因纽特人村庄进行迁移，每个村庄的迁移成本预计为至少1亿美元。
Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.
北极地区的土著部落几百年来都生活在冰天雪地的极端自然环境里，形成了自己独特的文化传统。现在，这些土著部落的人们也注意到了天气和野生动物的变化。他们也在努力去适应气候变化，但这又谈何容易。
In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.
在挪威最北端的芬马克省，冬末时节的北极地区是一派无边无际的雪域景象，四处静寂无声，偶尔能听到驯鹿的嘶鸣和养鹿人驾驶雪地摩托的轰鸣声。
A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.
即使在这里也能感受到气候变化的影响。现年31岁的养鹿人埃拉说，“驯鹿越来越不开心。”
Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance.
挪威的环保工作和土著文化保护工作走在世界前列。挪威政府也拿出相当部分的石油收入用来保护这里的土著文化习俗，萨米文化也由此迎来了复兴。
And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat.
埃拉的生活与驯鹿已经密不可分。然而，他认为，无论政府投入多少资金用于土著文化保护，他的生活方式也终将会发生变化。像德克萨斯州的牧场主一样，埃拉也不愿透露自己的鹿群数量。不过，他说，春秋季节天气转暖使得雪地的上层融化，之后融化的雪水会再次结冰，驯鹿想要吃到底层的地衣就难上加难了。
"The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns," said Mr. Eira, sitting inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it."
“他们决策者都住在（北极圈）以南的城镇里，” 埃拉坐在自己用鹿皮搭建的屋子里说道，“不会注意到气候变化（的切实影响）。只有生活在大自然里、以大自然为生的人们才有切身体会”。
天之聪教育
2012-08-25
天之聪教育
3213次
点赞(0)
收藏
登录
