胡凯红:

Hu Kaihong:

女士们、先生们，大家下午好，欢迎出席国务院新闻办今天举办的新闻发布会。“十三五”期间，我国的创新型国家建设取得重大进展，今天，我们非常高兴邀请到科学技术部部长王志刚先生，请他向大家介绍深入实施创新驱动发展战略，加快建设创新型国家的有关情况，并回答大家关心的问题。出席今天发布会的还有，科学技术部副秘书长贺德方先生，战略规划司司长许倞先生，高新技术司司长秦勇先生，社会发展科技司司长吴远彬先生，首先我们有请王部长作介绍。

Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to this press conference held by the State Council Information Office. During the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020) period, we have made major achievements in building an innovation-oriented country. Today, we are glad to invite Minister of Science and Technology Wang Zhigang to introduce the strategy of promoting innovation-driven development and our efforts to build China into an innovation-oriented country before answering your questions. Also present are: Vice Secretary of the Ministry of Science and Technology He Defang; Director-General of the Department of Strategic Planning Xu Jing; Director-General of the Department of High and New Technology in Yong; and Director-General of the Department of Science and Technology for Social Development Wu Yuanbin.

First, let's give the floor to Mr. Wang.

王志刚:

Wang Zhigang:

女士们、先生们，媒体的各位朋友们，大家下午好。首先，感谢媒体朋友们一直以来对科技工作的客观专业报道，感谢你们对科技创新的高度关注和大力支持。很高兴与大家见面，就“十三五”科技创新进展进行交流。

Good afternoon everyone. Firstly, I'd like to thank the media for your objective and professional reporting on our work on science and technology, as well as your attention and support for scientific and technological innovation. I am so pleased to meet you and share information with you about the scientific and technological innovation progress of the 13th Five-Year Plan.

“十三五”是全面建成小康社会的决胜阶段，也是创新型国家建设冲刺攻坚的关键时期。面对复杂严峻的外部形势和国内高质量发展对科技创新提出的迫切需求，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国科技界落实新发展理念，深入实施创新驱动发展战略，面向世界科技前沿、面向经济主战场、面向国家重大需求、面向人民生命健康，坚持加强基础研究、应用基础研究和关键核心技术攻关，坚持强化国家战略科技力量建设，坚持系统推进科技体制改革，坚持扩大科技开放合作。创新体系更加健全，创新环境不断优化，创新能力显著增强，在构建新发展格局、促进高质量发展中进一步凸显了支撑引领作用；在应对新冠肺炎疫情等重大突发事件中进一步检验了科技创新体系建设、能力水平、科技储备和应急应变能力，特别是中国科技人员所展现的家国情怀、责任担当、职业操守、学风作风，让人尊敬并难以忘怀；同时在服务中华民族伟大复兴战略全局、应对世界百年未有之大变局中，进一步增强了创新发展的信心和韧劲！

The 13th Five-Year Plan period is a decisive stage in the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and also a critical period for making China a country of innovators. In the face of a complex and severe international situation and the urgent domestic demand for scientific and technological innovation arising from China's pursuit of high-quality development, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, the scientific and technological community have implemented the new development concept and carried out the innovation-driven development strategy. Aiming for the frontiers of science and technology, and to support economic development, meet the major needs of the country, and protect people's health, we have strengthened basic research and application-oriented basic research, made greater efforts to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies in key areas, strengthened efforts to build up China's strategic capacity in science and technology, advanced the reform of the scientific and technological system in a systematic manner, and expanded opening-up and cooperation in the field of science and technology. As a result, our innovation system and environment have improved, and innovation ability remarkably enhanced, playing an increasingly prominent role in supporting and guiding China's efforts to foster a new development architecture and promote high-quality development. The COVID-19 epidemic has further tested our building of the innovation system, our scientific ability and level, technology reserve and emergency response capacity. Chinese science and technology workers demonstrated a strong patriotic spirit, a strong sense of responsibility, professionalism and a high level of ethics in the fight against the epidemic, which are respectable and unforgettable. We have gained more confidence and tenacity for innovative development in serving national rejuvenation and tackling the once-in-a-century changes in the world.

这里与大家分享几个数据。过去五年，我国全社会研发经费支出从1.42万亿元增长到2.21万亿元，研发投入强度从2.06%增长到2.23%。基础研究经费增长近一倍，2019年达到1336亿元。技术市场合同成交额翻了一番，2019年超过2.2万亿元。世界知识产权组织发布的全球创新指数显示，我国排名从2015年的第29位跃升至2020年的第14位。整体上，我国科技创新实现量质齐升，创新型国家建设取得重大进展。

I will share some data with you all. The past five years have witnessed an increase of China's R&D spending from 1.42trillion yuan to 2.21trillion yuan. Investment in R&D has risen from 2.06% of GDP to 2.23%.The basic research spending has almost doubled, and reached 133.6 billion yuan in 2019. We have doubled the volume of contracted technology transactions, reaching over 2.2trillion yuan in 2019. The Global Innovation Index issued by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) shows that China has leapfrogged from the 29th in 2015 to 14th in 2020. In sum, China has seen improvement in both the quality and quantity of technological innovation, making significant progress in becoming technology country of innovators.

五年来，我们着力加强基础研究和关键核心技术攻关，科技实力进一步增强。量子信息、铁基超导、干细胞、合成生物学等方面取得一批重大原创成果。嫦娥四号首登月背、北斗导航全球组网、C919首飞成功、悟空、墨子等系列科学实验卫星成功发射。磁约束核聚变、散裂中子源等设施建设取得突破，国家实验室加快布局，对高水平科研的支撑作用进一步增强。

During the past five years, we have strengthened basic research, made technological breakthroughs in key and core areas, and advanced our technological capabilities. We have achieved a group of important results in various aspects, including quantum information, iron-based superconductivity, stem cells and synthetic biology. The Chang'e-4 probe successfully landed on the far side of the moon; the last BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) satellite has been launched to complete a global navigation constellation; the passenger aircraft C919 completed its maiden flight; the Dark Matter Particle Explorer Wukong and quantum science satellite Mozi were launched; construction of facilities for magnetically confined nuclear fusion and the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS)saw significant breakthroughs, and the layout of the key national laboratories has been speeded up, providing more support to high-level scientific research.

五年来，我们大力推动科技与经济社会深度融合，支撑引领高质量发展取得新成效。科技重大专项成功收官，移动通信、新药创制、核电等取得重大成果。复兴号高铁投入运营，港珠澳大桥正式通车，5G、人工智能、区块链、新能源等加快应用。北京、上海、粤港澳等科创中心加快建设，21家国家自创区和169家高新区成为地方创新发展“领头雁”，高新区国内生产总值从8.1万亿增长到12.2万亿，五年增长超过50%。高新技术企业从7.9万家增长到22.5万家。尤其在这次疫情过后恢复生产，支撑经济平稳运行工作中，国家高新区和高新技术企业成为各地一道亮丽的风景线。今年1-6月，国家高新区实现营业收入3.9万亿元，同比增长14.7%，利润总额3515.8亿元，同比增长17.7%，新增注册企业22.3万家，同比增长11.9%。创新创业呈现强劲的发展势头。

During the past five years, we have deepened the integration of science and technology with the overall development of economy and society, and made fresh progress in supporting and leading high-quality development. Major projects in science and technology have been successfully concluded, and major achievements recorded in mobile communications, new medicine development and nuclear power. The high-speed Fuxing bullet trains are now in operation; the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was opened to traffic, and the applications of 5G, artificial intelligence, block chain and new energy have been accelerated. The construction of innovation centers in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area have been accelerated. A total of 21 national innovation demonstration zones and 169 new- and high-tech development zones have become pioneers for local innovation and development. The GDP of new- and high-tech development zones increased to 12.2 trillion yuan from 8.1 trillion yuan at the start of the period, an increase of more than 50% in five years. The number of new- and high-tech enterprises increased to 225,000from 79,000. After the outbreak of the epidemic, national new- and high-tech development zones and new- and high-tech enterprises have played important roles in resuming production and supporting the economy to remain stable. From January to June, the operational revenue of national new- and high-tech development zones reached 3.9 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 14.7%; total profit was 351.58 billion yuan, up 17.7% year-on-year; the number of newly registered enterprises reached 223,000, a year-on-year gain of 11.9%. Innovation and entrepreneurship have showed a strong momentum of development.

五年来，我们不断深化科技体制改革，创新生态进一步优化。推进国家科技管理机构改革，完成创新驱动发展顶层设计，科技体制改革主体架构基本建立，计划管理、成果转化、资源共享、评价奖励、收入分配等改革取得实质进展。深化“放管服”改革，实施科研人员减负七项行动，大力推动作风学风转变。科创板、成果转化引导基金、众创空间等为创新创业创造了良好环境。

During the past five years, we have constantly deepened reform of the science and technology system, and further improved the environment for innovation. We have pushed forward the reform of national science and technology management institutions, and completed the top-level design for innovation-driven development. The framework of reforming the management system for science and technology has been basically established, and reforms in the areas of management for science and technology initiatives, application of scientific and technological achievements, sharing of resources, evaluation and reward, and income distribution, have all made substantial progress. We have press ahead with reforms to streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services. We have initiated seven actions to reduce the burden of researchers, and made efforts to change their work and study styles. A favorable environment for innovation and entrepreneurship has been created through the advancement of Science and Technology Innovation Board, or STAR Market, the national seed fund for encouraging the application of scientific and technological advances, and maker spaces.

五年来，我们加强科技人才队伍建设，人才结构进一步优化。研发人员全时当量从2015年的376万人年增长到2019年的480万人年，一批领军人才和创新团队加快涌现，青年科技人才逐步成为科研主力军。建立以创新能力、质量贡献为导向的人才评价体系，探索引入国际同行评价。推动建立工作许可、人才签证、永久居留转换衔接机制，开展外国高端人才服务一卡通试点。

During the past five years, we have cultivated a large number of scientific and technological personnel, and further improved the talent structure. The number of R&D personnel (full-time equivalent)increased from 3.76 million in 2015 to 4.8 million in 2019.An increasing number of leading professionals and innovation teams keep emerging, and young scientific and technological professionals have gradually become the main force in scientific research. We have established a new talent evaluation system oriented towards innovation ability and quality contribution, and are exploring ways to introduce international peer evaluation. We have also promoted a mechanism for optimizing and integrating work permits, talent visas and permanent residence, and carried out trials of all-in-one cards for providing services for high-end foreign talents.

五年来，我们积极融入全球创新网络，形成了全方位多层次广领域的科技开放合作格局。进一步加强政府间创新合作对话，深入实施科技合作伙伴计划。国家重点研发计划对港澳开放。国际大科学计划和大科学工程稳步推进，“一带一路”科技创新行动深入实施。

During the past five years, we have become actively involved in the global innovation network, and formed an open and cooperative pattern of S&T research that is all-dimensional, multi-tiered and wide-ranging. We have further strengthened inter-governmental dialogues on innovation cooperation, and continued to implement S&T cooperation and partnership plans. All the key R&D programs are open to institutions in Hong Kong and Macao SARs. We have made steady progress in major international scientific programs and projects, and the Belt and Road Science, Technology and Innovation Cooperation Action Plan has been further implemented.

这些成就的取得，根本在于以习近平同志为核心的党中央的正确领导和科学决策，得益于各地方、各部门的大力支持，得益于全国科技界和广大科研人员的努力拼搏和无私奉献，借此机会向全体科研人员及科技管理工作者表示崇高的敬意和衷心的感谢！同时，也特别感谢包括媒体朋友们在内的社会各界和各国朋友对中国科技创新的理解、尊重和支持！

All these achievements relied on the correct leadership and scientific decision-making of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, benefited from strong support of all local governments and departments, and the hard work and selfless dedication of all S&T workers and R&D personnel. I would like to express my highest respect and heartfelt thanks to all researchers and management staff. At the same time, I would also like to thank friends from all sectors of society, including the media, and friends from other countries for your understanding, respect and support to China's scientific and technological innovation.

未来五年，我们将以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，深入实施创新驱动发展战略，统筹发展与安全，坚持“四个面向”，充分发挥科技创新在构建新发展格局、促进高质量发展中的重要作用，推进创新型国家建设不断取得新进展，为早日实现科技强国的目标努力奋斗。

In the following five years, under the guidance of the Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we will further implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, coordinate development and security, adhere to the principle that "scientific and technological development must target the global science frontiers, serve the main economic battlefield, strive to fulfill significant needs of the country and benefit people's lives and health." We will give full play to S&T innovation in fostering a new development architecture and promoting high-quality development, continuously make progress in building China into a country of innovators, and strive for the goal of developing China into a world leader in science and technology.

下面，我很高兴就大家关心的问题作进一步交流，谢谢各位。

Next, I would like to answer your questions, thank you.

胡凯红:

Hu Kaihong:

谢谢王部长。下面开始提问，提问前请通报所在的新闻机构。

Thank you, Mr. Wang. The floor is open for questions. Please state the news outlet you represent first.

科技日报记者:

Science and Technology Daily:

我的问题是关于基础研究的，习近平总书记在科学家座谈会上曾经强调，要持之以恒加强基础研究，请问一下科技部是如何加强基础研究和应用基础研究的？另外，在“十三五”期间，基础研究领域取得了哪些重要的进展？比如说“从0到1”的原始创新有哪些比较突出的成果？接下来，我们将在基础研究方面有哪些新的部署？谢谢。

My questions are about basic research. General Secretary Xi Jinping called for persistence in strengthening basic research at a symposium attended by scientists in Beijing on Sept. 11. My question is, how does the Ministry of Science and Technology strengthen basic research and applied basic research? What important progress has been made in the field of basic research during the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016-2020)? For instance, what kind of outstanding achievements have been made through the original innovation from "zero to one?" Are there any new measures in this regard? Thanks.

王志刚:

Wang Zhigang:

这个问题我来回答。我们知道整个科研，基础研究是总开关，在基础研究、应用基础研究、技术创新到成果转化、产业化等环节中间，基础研究起到了最初的源头活水的作用。另外，基础研究的能力也决定了一个国家科技创新能力的底蕴和后劲。所谓先发优势往往从基础研究开始，人们的科学发现，人们对规律的掌握，人们对科研方法和科研范式的总结和应用，这些都是一个国家科研创新能力的核心所在、关键所在，也是基础所在。“十三五”期间，我们按照党中央国务院部署，把握新科技革命和产业变革的大势，适应国内外环境发展变化，把基础研究和底层技术研发作为科技创新的关键突破口，坚持自由探索和目标导向相结合，更加注重原创导向，更加注重从经济社会发展和产业实践中凝练基础研究的问题，促进基础研究、应用基础研究和技术创新一体化部署和全链条实施，充分发挥基础研究对科技创新的源头供给和引领作用。

I will answer these questions. We all know that basic research, applied basic research, technological innovation, innovative uses of technology and industrialization are all involved in scientific research. Among them, basic research can be likened to the source of a waterway and the master switch of scientific research. In addition, the capability of basic research determines the character and sustainable momentum of a country's sci-tech innovation capability. The first-mover advantages always begin with basic research. People's discoveries, their grasping of the rules, and the summary and application of research approaches and patterns are the basis for, key to and even lie at the core of a country's sci-tech innovation capability. During the 13th Five-Year Plan, implementing the decisions made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, we perceived the main trends in new sci-tech revolution and industrial transformation, and met them while adapting to changes at home and aboard. Basic research and underpinning technological research and development have been taken as the breakthrough point for sci-tech innovation. We insist on the combination of free inquiry and goal orientation, focus more on original orientation and questions of basic research found in economic and social development and industrial practice, and promote the integration of basic research, applied basic research and technological innovation, so as to bring into full play the underpinning support and guiding role of basic research to sci-tech innovation.

一是强化顶层设计和系统布局，出台《关于全面加强基础科学研究的若干意见》，制定《加强从“0到1”基础研究工作方案》，实施《新形势下加强基础研究若干重点举措》。这些很多都是在国家层面历史上第一次发文专门加强基础研究，专门强调从“0到1”基础研究，专门强调数学的重要性等等。同时推动国家自然科学基金系统性改革。加强基础学科建设，印发《加强数学科学研究工作方案》，支持北京、上海等地建设13个国家应用数学中心。围绕量子科学、干细胞、合成生物学、纳米科技等重点领域部署了一批基础性的研究项目，成功发射了“悟空号”、“墨子号”、“慧眼号”，这些都是针对量子、暗物质的科学实验卫星。在铁基超导、量子纠缠和密钥分发、异构融合类脑芯片、手性分子合成、异源杂合干细胞、石墨烯可控折叠等重要领域，取得了一批有国际影响力的原创成果，培育了一批基础研究领域的领军人才和创新团队。

First, we have strengthened the top-level design and systematic layout. Multiple Opinions on Strengthening Basic Scientific Research was issued, and the Work Programme for Strengthening Basic Research from "Zero to One" established and Multiple Measures on Strengthening Basic Research in the New Era implemented. These documents are first to specially strengthen basic research in the history at the national level. They stress basic research from "zero to one", the importance of maths, and also drive the systematic overhaul of the State Natural Sciences Fund. The Work Programme for Strengthening Maths-based Scientific Research has been issued to strengthen basic subject building. Thirteen national applied maths centers have been set up in cities such as Beijing and Shanghai. A batch of basic research projects have been deployed in major areas such as quantum science, stem cell, synthetic biology and nanoscience. Science satellites involving in dark matter and quantum science including Wukong, Mozi and Huiyan have been successfully launched. A group of internationally-significant original achievements have been introduced in major areas such as iron-based superconductor, quantum entanglement and key distribution, heterogeneous fusion brain-inspired chip, chiral molecular synthesis, heterozygous stem cell and graphene controllable folding, as well as a large number of leading talents and innovation teams in basic research cultivated.

二是大幅提升基础研究投入，持续加大中央财政支持力度，通过政府引导、央地联动、税收杠杆等方式推动地方企业和社会力量更加重视基础研究投入。我国基础研究投入从2015年的716亿元增长到2019年的1335.6亿元，年均增幅达到16.9%，大大高于整个全社会研发投入的增幅。2019年的基础研究占全社会研发投入比重历史上首次达到6%。

Second, the investment in basic research has been sharply increasing through boosting central fiscal support and motivating local enterprises and social programs with government guidance, effective coordination at central and local levels and tax leverage. Investment in basic research increased from 71.6 billion yuan in 2015 to 133.56 billion in 2019, with an average annual growth rate of 16.9%, which is far greater than that of China's total research spending. In 2019, investment in basic research accounted for 6% of the total for the first time.  

三是加强重大科技基础设施建设和开放共享，部署建设了一批国家重大科技基础设施，建设了500米口径的球面射电望远镜、散裂中子源等一批“国之重器”，支持建设了20个国家科学数据中心，31个国家生物种质和实验材料资源库，98个国家野外科学观测研究站，推动科研设施和仪器开放共享。4000余家单位、10.1万余套大型科学仪器和80多个重大科研基础设施纳入了开放共享的网络。

Third, we have stepped up the building and sharing of major science and technology infrastructure. We have deployed and built a number of major science and technology infrastructures, including the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) and the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). We have established 20 national scientific data centers, 31 national biological germplasm and experimental material resource banks, and 98 national field scientific observation and research stations to promote the open sharing of scientific research facilities and instruments. More than 4,000 institutes, 101,000 sets of large-scale scientific instruments and 80 major scientific research infrastructures have been incorporated into the open and shared network.

下一步，我们将把基础研究和应用基础研究摆在整个国家科技工作的更加重要的位置，同时要改革完善项目形成机制，基础研究很重要的是能不能准确的提出和描述问题。探索面向世界科技前沿的原创性科学问题的发现和提出机制，建立对非共识项目和颠覆性技术的支持和管理机制，进一步加大基础研究投入，优化投入结构，加大对冷门学科、基础学科和交叉学科的长期稳定支持，为科研人员静心思考、潜心研究、全心投入提供更好的服务，支持和鼓励广大科技工作者勇闯创新“无人区”。谢谢大家。

Going forward, we will put basic research and application-oriented basic research higher on the agenda of China's science and technology work. At the same time, we will reform and improve the mechanism for project development. The ability to accurately raise and describe questions is essential to basic research. We will explore ways to create a mechanism for discovering issues which aim for the frontiers of science and technology. We will establish a mechanism for managing and supporting non-consensus projects and disruptive technologies. We will further increase investment in basic research, optimize the investment structure, and strengthen long-term support for unpopular disciplines, basic disciplines and interdisciplinary work. In this way, we aim to offer better services to scientists and researchers dedicated to their work, and to support them in breaking new ground. Thank you.

中央广播电视总台央视记者:

CCTV:

我有一个问题想问一下，近几年来咱们科技体制改革方面出台了很多改革文件和措施，请问这些改革取得了哪些成效？下一步深化体制改革、优化科技创新环境方面咱们还有什么样的考虑？谢谢。　

Many documents and measures have been introduced in recent years to reform the management system for science and technology. What progress has been made? What steps will be taken to further reform and improve the environment for scientific and technological innovation?

王志刚:

Wang Zhigang:

谢谢您的问题。科技工作是两条线，按照习近平总书记讲的，一条线是科技创新，一条线是科技体制创新，两个“创新”要两个轮子一起转。改革和创新是密切相连的，改革对着生产关系，创新对着生产力，生产力决定生产关系，生产关系服从并且能动于生产力。我们贯彻落实党的十八大以来总书记关于科技创新的一系列重要思想，在工作中把改革和创新统筹起来考虑，以改革促创新，以创新促发展。我们相继出台了《国家创新驱动发展战略纲要》《深化科技体制改革实施方案》，在实施方案中部署了143项科技改革的措施。我们坚持“四个面向”的战略方向，以建设系统、完备、高效的国家创新体系为目标，科技工作体系化建设、体系化推动、系统化布局。

Thank you for your question. As General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized, to promote the development of science and technology, we should strive for both scientific and technological innovation and institutional innovation. Reform and innovation are closely connected with each other. Reform is targeted at production relations, and innovation at productive forces. Productive forces determine production relations. Production relations should comply with productive forces and can play an active role in their development. We have been implementing a series of important thoughts on scientific and technological innovation set forth by General Secretary Xi since the 18th CPC National Congress held in 2012. We have been coordinating our work on reform and innovation to spur innovation through reform and promoting development through innovation. The Outlines on National Strategy for Innovation Driven Development and an action plan to deepen the reform of the management system for science and technology have been issued, and the latter introduced a total of 143 specific measures.

因为科技在国家已经成为一种建制性的力量，并且被摆在国家工作的核心位置。以激发科研人员和创新主体的积极性、创造性为主要着力点，优化科技资源配置方式，完善科技创新治理体系，营造良好创新生态，形成科技体制改革的全面系统布局。重点领域和关键环节改革取得了实质性进展，形成了从法律、政策、措施到行动的完整落实体系，进一步释放了科技第一生产力、创新第一动力、人才第一资源的巨大潜力。

We have been adhering to the principle that the scientific and technological development must target the frontiers of global science, serve the economic battlefield, strive to fulfill the significant needs of our country and benefit people's lives and health. With the goal of building a systematic, complete and efficient national innovation system, we have adopted a coordinated and systemized approach to plan and promote the development of science and technology initiatives. Science and technology have become an established force at the center of our national development.

Focusing on tapping into the enthusiasm and innovative potential among researchers and innovators, we have been working to optimize the allocation of scientific and technological resources, improve the governance system on scientific and technological innovation, and create a favorable climate for innovation, to push for the reform on the management system for science and technology on all fronts. Significant progress has been made in reform in key areas. A complete implementation system integrating laws, policies, measures and action has been established. The potential of science and technology as the primary forces of production has been further unleashed, so has that of innovation as the primary driving force, and talent as the primary resource.

改革成效主要体现在这几个方面：一是围绕国家战略急需，完善科技攻坚和应急攻关的体制机制和组织体系。打造战略科技力量，在重大创新领域组建国家实验室，重组国家重点实验室体系，满足国家重大科技任务的研发攻关需求，组织全国优势科技力量开展新冠肺炎疫情防控应急科研攻关，坚持实战应用导向、科研与临床结合，取得了一批务实管用的科研成果，为取得全国疫情防控胜利，在有用的药物、疫苗、检测等方面提供了有力支撑。

The following is the major progress we have achieved so far. First, to fulfill urgent strategic national needs, we've improved institutions and organizational systems for advancing scientific breakthroughs and emergency-related research. We strived to build up China's strategic capacity in science and technology by building national laboratories for major fields of innovation and restructuring the system of key national laboratories to meet the demand for scientific R&D concerning major national programs. We organized elite scientists and researchers drawn from all over the country to pursue scientific and technological breakthroughs inCOVID-19 prevention and control. We made result-oriented efforts, aimed for appropriate applications, and combined scientific research with clinical treatment. As a result, we achieved a group of practical and effective outcomes in such fields as drug, vaccine and testing, thus contributing to an overall victory in the battle against the virus.

二是促进科技经济深度融合，促进科技成果转移转化。修订促进科技成果转化法，出台若干政策规定，下放科技成果使用、处置、收益权，赋予科研人员职务科技成果所有权和长期使用权。建设国家技术转移体系和科技成果转移转化示范区。2019年，全国技术交易市场超过1000家，技术合同成交额首次迈向2万亿台阶，是2012年的3.5倍。搭建金融资本支持科技创新的新平台，在上海证交所设立科创板并试行注册制，科创板上市企业达到185家，市值超过3万亿元。科创板上市的企业基本都是高新技术企业。

Second, we worked to see that science and technology become more deeply embedded in the economy and promoted the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements. The Law on Promoting the Application of Scientific and Technological Advances was amended, and quite a few related policies and regulations were introduced. The right to use, transfer and profit from scientific and technological achievements was delegated, and scientific researchers were granted ownership right and the right to long-term use of the scientific and technological achievements made at their posts. Work began to establish a national technology transfer system and demonstration zones for the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements. In 2019, there were more than 1,000 technology trading markets in China. For the first time, the total value of contracted technology transactions reached 2trillion yuan, 3.5 times that of 2012. New platforms were set up to strengthen financial support for technological innovation. The Shanghai Stock Exchange launched a sci-tech innovation board, with a registration system being piloted for the listing of companies.185 companies have been listed on the sci-tech innovation board, with a total market value of more than 3 trillion yuan. Basically, all those listed companies are high-tech companies.

三是推动产学研协同创新，激发各类创新主体活力。积极支持企业牵头承担国家重大科技任务，国家重点研发计划中企业参与实施的占75%，引导企业加大研发投入，研发费用加计扣除比例从150%提高到175%。深化科技领域“放管服”改革，推动44家高校、科研院所开展扩大科研自主权改革试点，取得了积极成效。建设了一批面向市场、机制灵活的新型研发机构，大力推动科技创新创业，完善众创空间、孵化器、加速器等创业孵化体系。

Third, we stepped up efforts to develop synergy among industries, universities and research institutes, and to energize various kinds of innovators. We encouraged enterprises to undertake major national scientific and technological programs. More than 75% of key national research and development programs now involve the participation of enterprises. We offered incentives for enterprises to increase investment in R&D, such as raising the portion of spending on R&D by enterprises that are eligible for tax deductions from 150% to 175%. Reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, improve regulation, and upgrade services continued apace. We helped 44 universities and institutes launch a pilot scheme of increasing autonomy in their research activities, which has produced positive effects. A group of market-oriented research institutions with flexible mechanisms has been established. We made strong moves to encourage scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurship, such as improving maker spaces, incubators and start-up accelerators.

四是坚持激励与约束并重，为科研人员营造良好的创新生态。完善符合科研活动规律的分类管理制度，在出国、兼职、离岗创业等方面不简单套用行政人员的管理方法，强化以增加知识价值为导向的分配政策，改革完善科研评价制度，出台破除“唯论文、唯职称、唯学历、唯奖项”的硬措施，开展减轻科研人员负担的七项行动，推动解决表格多、报销繁、检查多等科研人员反映强烈的问题，为科研人员松绑减负。改革完善院士制度，推动院士称号回归学术性、荣誉性导向。积极推动科技界学风作风转变，加强科研诚信建设，完善联合惩戒机制，严肃查处了肿瘤生物学集中撤稿、基因编辑婴儿等一批典型案件，并及时向社会公开，对科研不端行为“零容忍”。

Fourth, we continued to adopt both incentives and constraints in order to create a favorable climate for innovation. We improved a system for category-based management of scientific and technological personnel which complies with the law of their research activities. We don't resort to administrative staff management measures when handling cases in which scientific and technological personnel go abroad, do part-time jobs or start a business after resignation. Profit distribution policies were improved with the goal of strengthening the value ascribed to knowledge. The assessment system for scientific research was reformed and upgraded. Strong measures were rolled out to get rid of the practice of viewing essays, professional titles, educational backgrounds and awards as overwhelming criteria. We implemented seven initiatives to reduce the bureaucratic burden on scientific researchers. We made efforts to address issues of greatest concern to scientific researchers, including too many forms to fill in, onerous reimbursement procedures and too many inspections to undergo. We reformed and improved the academician selection and management system. We urged action to improve conduct and promote a good style of study among the personnel working in the science community. We promoted integrity and improved joint punishment mechanisms. Many cases, including those related to the retraction of multiple articles in Tumor Biology and genetically-edited babies, were severely punished or prosecuted, with relevant information open to the public in a timely manner. We bear zero tolerance toward research misconduct.

五是深入推进中央财政科技计划管理改革，提升科技资源配置效率。针对科技资源分散、重复、低效问题，整合分散在各部门的近百项科技计划，建成公开统一的国家科技管理平台，将项目管理交由专业机构负责。改革科研项目和经费管理，简化预算编制，提高间接费用比例，在国家自然科学基金试点“包干制”，赋予科技领军人才更大的人财物自主权和经费使用权，让科研经费更好为“人的创造性”服务。

Fifth, we deepened the central fiscal management reform for national science and technology initiatives to improve the allocation efficiency of science and technology resources. We integrated nearly 100 science and technology projects originally undertaken by different departments to make resource allocation more centralized and efficient. We finished building an open and unified national science and technology management platform and entrusted the management of research programs to specialized agencies. We reformed project and economic management, streamlined the compilation of budgets, and increased the proportion of indirect costs. We launched a pilot scheme of lump-sum project-funding at the National Natural Science Foundation. Scientific and technological leaders were granted greater autonomy in the utilization of human, financial and property resources to better serve their creativity.

同时，我们也要看到，科技体制改革任务落实还不平衡、不到位，一些深层次制度障碍还没有得到根本破除，需要进一步攻坚克难。总书记讲，改革永远在路上。要把改革向纵深推进，进一步抓落实、补短板，完善科技创新体制机制，加快形成战略科技力量体系化布局，建立社会主义市场经济条件下关键核心技术攻关的新型举国体制，营造良好的法律政策社会文化环境，为跻身创新国家前列和建设世界科技强国提供完备的体制机制保障。谢谢。

Meanwhile, we should be aware that much remains to be done regarding the reform of the management system for science and technology, and we need to surmount more difficulties in removing deep-rooted institutional barriers. General Secretary Xi stressed that reform is an on-going process with no end point. We will continue to deepen the reform to ensure that relevant decisions and plans are carried out without fail and areas of weakness are improved. We will further optimize the system for scientific and technological innovation and systematically build up China's strategic capacity in science and technology. We will strive to develop a new type of national system for breakthroughs in core technologies under the conditions of the socialist market economy. We will continue to foster favorable policy, legal, social and cultural environments. Through all these efforts, we aim to provide comprehensive institutional guarantees for building China into a global leader in innovation and allow the country to become a science and technology giant. Thank you.

中央广播电视总台央广记者:

China National Radio (CNR):

我们知道“十三五”期间又有一大批重大科技项目工程在我国经济社会发展当中发挥了重要作用，能否具体介绍一下我国高新技术领域有哪些典型的成果？他们在支撑国家重大工程建设、培育发展新动能、促进高质量发展方面，有什么突出表现？谢谢。

To our knowledge, a number of new key scientific and technological programs and projects were introduced under the 13th Five-Year Plan, and they have played a fairly important role in China's social and economic development. Could you elaborate on some of the typical achievements in cutting-edge technologies? And how big of a part do they play in supporting the construction of major national projects, fostering and developing new growth drivers, and promoting high quality development? Thank you.

秦勇:

Qin Yong:

首先谢谢您的提问。下面我简要介绍一下您关心的情况。“十三五”期间，我国经济社会进入高质量发展阶段，迫切需要科技创新来给予有力支撑。科技部按照“十三五”规划的部署，大力推进高新技术发展，强化关键核心技术攻关，在培育发展新动能、支撑国家重大工程建设、促进经济高质量发展方面取得了积极进展，主要体现在以下几个方面：

Thank you for your questions, and I will brief you on the situation accordingly. China's socio-economic development has been transitioning to a high-quality stage under the 13th Five-Year Plan, which requires strong support of technologies and innovation. In accordance with the plan deployment, the Ministry of Science and Technology has been focusing on the development of both emerging and cutting-edge technologies and strengthening R&D efforts on sectors. Positive progress has been made to foster and develop new growth drivers, supporting the construction of major national projects, and promote high quality economic development, specifically in the following aspects:

一是涌现出一批高新技术重大成果，进一步增强了我国科技创新实力。“十三五”期间，科技部加大了战略性高新技术的超前部署，在超级计算、轨道交通、量子信息、增材制造等领域取得了一系列突破。在超级计算方面，我国继续保持优势，在世界超算Top500排名中，我国超级计算机台数占到45%，同时，在研制完成E级原型机的基础上，正在向E级超级计算机进军。在先进轨道交通方面，时速600公里的高速磁悬浮试验样车，已经在试验线上完成系统联调联试；时速400公里以上速度等级高速动车组样车今天在长春正式下线。这些突破将使高铁这一“中国名片”更加亮丽。在量子信息技术方面，“墨子号”和“京沪干线”的实验，构建了首个天地一体化的量子通信网络雏形。

First, a series of emerging and cutting-edge technologies and major advancements in key areas have been introduced, further enhancing our capacity of sci-tech innovation. During the 13th Five-Year Plan, the Ministry of Science and Technology has redoubled its efforts in planning advances the strategic high technologies, and a series of breakthroughs have been made in fields such as supercomputing, rail transit, quantum information, and additive manufacturing. China remains competitive in supercomputing. The number of our supercomputers accounts for 45% of the world's Top 500 rankings. Meanwhile the country is developing an exascale supercomputer after completing the development of a prototype exascale computer. In terms of advanced rail transit, a prototype magnetic levitation train, with a speed of 600 kph, has completed system checks on a test track. A prototype of a high-speed train with a speed of over 400 kph rolled off the assembly line in Changchun city on Oct. 21. All these breakthroughs contribute to the development of a high-speed rail system with a Chinese brand name. In regard to quantum information, with the experiments including the quantum science satellite Mozi and the line between Beijing and Shanghai, the prototype of the first space-ground integrated quantum communication network has taken shape.

二是着力培育发展新动能，支撑经济高质量发展。“十三五”期间，通过加强高新技术的重点布局，在新能源汽车、移动通讯、第三代半导体、新型显示等领域取得了许多新的进展，有力地引领了战略性新兴产业的发展。在新能源汽车方面，通过在电池、电机和电控方面的重点研发布局，促进形成了较为完善的新能源汽车产业链，使我国在新能源汽车产销量上连续五年居世界第一。目前，我国新能源汽车总保有量超过了400万辆，占全球50%以上。在移动通讯方面，实现了5G技术的领跑，5G核心专利数占世界第一，并率先实现了5G商用，目前我国5G基站数已经超过60万个，用户数已经突破1.1亿。在新型显示方面，通过大力推动创新链和产业链融合发展，使我国新型显示产业整体竞争力得到了快速提升，2019年我国新型显示产业销售超过3000亿元，产业规模居全球第一。

Second, new growth drivers have been fostered and developed to support China's high-quality economic development. During the 13th Five-Year Plan, the distribution of emerging and cutting-edge technologies has been highlighted, and progress made in the fields such as new energy vehicle (NEV), telecommunications, third-generation semiconductors and new-type displays. These have effectively guided the development of strategic emerging industries. With more R&D efforts made in NEV's batteries, electric-powered engines and electronics controllers, China has been working to establish a relatively complete industry chain of NEV, which has enabled it to lead the world for five consecutive years in manufacturing and sales of NEVs. The number of NEVs exceeded four million, accounting for over 50% of the world's total. In terms of telecommunication, China has led the world in 5G technology with the largest number of core 5G patents. It also spearheads the commercial use of 5G technologies. There are over 600,000 5G base stations in China, and the number of users has exceeded 110 million. As for new-type displays, by promoting the integration between the innovation value chain and industry chain, China has quickly improved the overall competitiveness of its new-type displays industry. The sales of this sector in 2019 exceeded 300 billion yuan, ranking first in the world.

三是面向国家重大战略需求，支撑国家重大工程建设。面向港珠澳大桥建设，通过系统布局跨海集群工程建设关键技术研究，为大桥的顺利建成提供了重要的技术支撑。面向川藏铁路建设，一方面积极为工程建设的可行性研究提供科技支撑，另一方面超前部署重大装备研究，集中攻克了硬岩隧道掘进装备整机系统及核心零部件关键核心技术，将为川藏铁路这一“世纪工程”建设提供自主装备支撑。

Third, efforts have been made to bolster the construction of major national projects in order to meet the strategic needs of the country. For the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, significant technological support was provided by systematically arranging key R&D efforts of the cross-sea cluster project. For the construction of the Sichuan-Tibet railway, MOST has provided sci-tech support for the construction's feasibility study, while planning in advance the study on major equipment. The ministry has intensified efforts to solve difficulties in core technology concerning the whole system of hard-rock tunnel boring machines and their core components. All of these efforts will provide self-reliant equipment support to the construction of Sichuan-Tibet railway, known as "a project of the century."

下一步，在“十四五”高新技术发展的规划布局上，科技部将全面贯彻落实习近平总书记关于“四个面向”的指示精神，按照加快形成新发展格局的战略要求，着力解决“高质量发展需要与科技创新能力不足的矛盾”，大力发展高新技术。一是加强前瞻部署和大力发展以智能技术和量子技术为特征的新一代高新技术，打造我国高新技术先发优势。二是强化重点领域和关键环节的攻关布局，为高质量发展提供更多高新技术成果供给。三是加快培育新一代高新技术产业，进一步壮大发展新动能。谢谢大家。

Looking ahead to high-tech development for the 14th Five-Year Plan, MOST will fully implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's guidance that scientific and technological development must target the global science frontiers, serve the main economic battlefield, strive to fulfill significant needs of the country and benefit people's lives and health. In accordance with the strategic requirement of fostering a new, dual-cycle development architecture, and in order to solve the contradiction between the need for high-quality development and the lack of sci-tech innovation capacity, we will make more efforts to develop high technologies. First, the Ministry of Science and Technology will strengthen its efforts in forward-looking deployment work, developing new-generation high technologies featuring intelligent and quantum technologies, so as to foster China's first-mover advantages in the sector. Second, the Ministry of Science and Technology will strengthen R&D efforts in key fields and links, providing more high-tech supplies for high-quality development. Third, it will accelerate its efforts to develop the new-generation high-tech industries, further fostering the new growth drivers. Thank you.

光明日报记者:

Guangming Daily:

关于科技在应对新冠疫情方面有没有最新的进展？这个问题想请领导介绍一下。谢谢。

What is the latest development on the technology front in response to the COVID-19pandemic? Please brief us on this issue. Thank you.

吴远彬:

Wu Yuanbin:

谢谢你的提问。此次新冠疫情发生以来，我国科技界坚决贯彻党中央国务院的决策部署，成立了由科技部牵头的科研攻关组，围绕“可溯、可诊、可治、可防、可控”的防控需求，聚焦病毒病原学、检测技术和产品、临床救治和药物、疫苗研发、动物模型构建五大主攻方向，组织全国的优势科研力量统筹推进科研攻关，取得了积极的成效。我们第一时间分离鉴定出病原，并向世界分享了新冠病毒基因组序列，为各国开展新冠病毒研究、诊断试剂研发、药物筛选和疫苗研发提供了条件，病毒序列发布之后14天之内，完成了核酸检测试剂研发和上市应用，快速实现检测试剂从无到有的突破，并持续提升核酸检测产品的性能。目前我们国家检测试剂基本能满足当前疫情防控不同场景的检测需求。

Thank you for your question. Since the COVID-19pandemic, China's science and technology community has resolutely implemented the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council and set up scientific research teams led by the Ministry of Science and Technology, focusing on five major fields including etiology, detection technology and products, clinical treatment and drugs, vaccine research and development, and animal models. In accordance with the "traceable, diagnosable, curable, preventable, and controllable" prevention and control requirement, we brought together the country's top researchers to conduct scientific research, which yielded positive results. We isolated and identified the pathogen and shared the coronavirus genome sequence with the world, laying a foundation for other countries to carry out coronavirus research, diagnostic reagent development, drug screening, and vaccine development. Within 14 days after the release of the coronavirus genome sequence, we completed the research and development of nucleic acid detection reagents and quickly put it into use. In addition, we have continued to improve the performance of nucleic acid detection products. At present, our testing reagents can meet the testing needs of current epidemic prevention and control under different scenarios.

在疫情防控期间，迅速筛选评价了多种治疗药物，形成了磷酸氯喹、恢复期血浆、干细胞、中医药等有效的药品和诊疗技术，为不断完善诊疗方案、提高治愈率、降低病亡率提供了支撑。大家都非常关心疫苗的研发，我们本着安全、有效的要求，科学有序地推动疫苗的研发，目前我国有五类13个新冠疫苗进入人体临床试验阶段，是全球获批开展临床试验最多的国家。其中4个进入三期临床试验阶段，整体处于全球领先的位置。

During the epidemic prevention and control period, we quickly screened various drugs and therapies and put into use effective drugs and therapeutics, including chloroquine phosphate, traditional Chinese medicine, convalescent plasma treatment, and stem cell therapy. We have kept improving the diagnosis and treatment plan to increase the cure rate and reduce the mortality rate. In terms of the COVID-19 vaccines, we have been promoting the research and development of safe and effective vaccines in a scientific and orderly manner. At present, 13 Chinese COVID-19 vaccine candidates in five categories have entered the stage of human trials; four of them have started phase-3 clinical trials. China now has the largest number of vaccine candidates that have been approved for clinical trials, leading the world in this field.

在疫情防控期间也加强了一些基础性工作，包括成功研制了多种新冠肺炎动物的模型，为明确致病机理和传播规律，推动药物和疫苗从实验室走向人体临床试验提供了关键的技术支撑。这些成绩的取得来之不易，是在党中央的正确领导下中国科技界拼搏奉献的结果，也和在“十三五”期间，科技部把民生科技摆在科技工作全局更为重要的位置，制定了专项科技规划，加强生命健康领域的创新布局，聚焦重大疾病防控、生殖健康、食品安全、环境改善等重大的民生问题，加大投入，形成了相应的创新能力有关。谢谢。

During the epidemic prevention and control period, we have also done other fundamental researches, including developing a variety of COVID-19animal models, which provided key technical support for identifying the pathogenesis and transmission pattern and promoting drugs and vaccines development from laboratory tests to human clinical trials. Under the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the Chinese science and technology community has been dedicated to the fight against COVID-19and made these hard-won gains. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the Ministry of Science and Technology has placed technological development that is related to people's livelihood in a more important position, formulated special scientific and technological plans, and fostered innovation in the field of life and health. We have invested more in areas such as prevention and control of major diseases, reproductive health, food safety, and environmental improvement, and enhanced the innovation capabilities in these aspects. All achievements we've made can be attributed to the above efforts. Thank you.

中国教育电视台记者:

China Education Television:

习近平总书记强调，只有拥有强大的科技创新能力才能提高国家的整体竞争水平，请问“十三五”期间我国科技创新能力有哪些明显的变化？特别是在高端人才培养还有创新平台基地建设有哪些进展？谢谢。

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that great scientific and technological capacity is a must for China to improve its competitiveness on all fronts. What are the major developments of China's technological innovation capabilities during the 13th Five-Year Plan period? In particular, what progress has been made in the cultivation of high-end talents and the construction of innovation platforms and bases? Thank you.

许倞:

Xu Jing:

谢谢这位记者。“十三五”期间，我国科技创新能力实现了历史性、整体性、格局性重大变化。科技创新实力正在从量的积累迈向质的飞跃，从点的突破迈向系统能力提升。我想可以从四个方面理解。

Thank you. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China's scientific and technological innovation capabilities have achieved historical, holistic and structural development. Quantitative changes lead to a qualitative leap. With one technological breakthrough after another, China has improved its overall technological innovation capabilities. I will illustrate it with the following four aspects.

科技人才结构更加优化。人才是第一资源。“十三五”期间，我国研发人员总量增加了100万人年。每万名就业人员中研发人员数量由2015年的48.5人年提高到2019年的62.0人年。这表明了通过深入实施国家重大科技人才计划，强化了在重大科技任务攻关中培养造就高层次创新人才团队。加强对青年人才培养，专门在国家重大科技任务和计划项目中，设立35岁以下青年科学家项目。人才结构更加优化，涌现出一批世界顶尖科技人才。国际组织数据显示，中国（含港澳）入选世界高被引科学家从2015年的168人次，增长到2019年的735人次，增加了3.4倍。科学研究成果在国际社会影响力显著提升。2019年高被引论文数为30755篇，比2015年翻一番，占世界高被引论文数20%，位列世界第二位。一批优秀科学家荣获地理学的维加奖、物理学的菲列兹奖，以及化学领域的亚瑟•科普学者奖等国际重要奖项。

The scientific and technological talent teams have been optimized. Talents are primary resources. During the13th Five-Year Plan period, China's total full-time equivalent R&D personnel has increased by 1 million. The number of full-time equivalent R&D personnel per 10,000 employees increased from 48.5in 2015 to 62 in 2019. Fully implementing the national plan for cultivating scientific and technological professionals, we have set up high-level innovation talent teams and helped them hone abilities by undertaking major scientific and technological tasks. We have strengthened the training of young professionals and set up projects for scientists under 35 to carry out. The talent structure has been optimized, and a group of top scientific and technological professionals have made their presence felt in the world. According to data from international organizations, China (including Hong Kong and Macao) has seen 735 researchers named the world's Highly Cited Researchers in 2019, an increase of 3.4 times compared to 168 in 2015. The influence of scientific research results in the international community has grown significantly. The number of highly cited papers in 2019 was 30,755, doubling the number in2015, accounting for 20% of the world's highly cited papers and ranking second in the world. Many outstanding scientists have won international awards, such as the Vega Medal in honor of achievements in geography, the Fritz London Memorial Prize in physics, and the Arthur C. Cope Scholar Awards in chemistry.

第二，在基地平台方面，国家实验室、国家重点实验室等创新基地加快建设布局，重大科学基础设施建设稳步推进，为我们国家科学研究提供了非常好的基础。

Second, we have accelerated the construction of innovation bases and platforms, such as national laboratories and state key laboratories. The construction of major scientific infrastructure has been steadily advanced, providing a good foundation for scientific research.

另一方面，企业的创新主体地位更加强化，这也是我国科技创新能力最重要、最核心的一部分。2019年，有507家中国企业入围国际组织认定的全球研发投入2500强，这507家企业集中在无人机、电子商务、云计算、人工智能、移动通信等现代高新技术领域，2019年我国高新技术企业达到了22.5万家，比2015年增长了1.8倍。企业创新能力持续增强，我国的国际PCT专利申请量从2015年的3万件，增加到2019年的5.9万件，跃居世界第一。企业的成长也离不开科技与金融的结合，过去的五年，科技金融快速发展，多层次资本市场为科技创新成果转化提供了强大的外部资源，刚才提到上市公司，截止到10月14日，我国已有183家科技型企业在科创板上市，其中高新技术企业占173家，资本市场与科技企业形成了良性互动和相互支持。

Thirdly, the status of enterprises as the mainstay of innovation has been strengthened. Enterprises are the most critical players in China's technological innovation. In 2019, 507 Chinese companies were put on the shortlist for Research and Development Investment of Top 2500 Companies Around the World. These 507 companies' business scopes are mainly in modern high-tech fields, such as drones, e-commerce, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and mobile communications. The number of high-tech companies reached 225,000 in 2019, an increase of 1.8 times from2015. The innovation capability of enterprises continues to increase. China's PCT patent applications had increased from 30,000 in 2015 to 59,000 in 2019, ranking first in the world. The combination of technology and finance facilitates the development of enterprises. In the past five years, technology and finance have developed rapidly, and the multi-level capital market has provided powerful external resources for the application of scientific and technological innovation achievements. For listed companies just mentioned, as of Oct. 14, 183 Chinese science and technology enterprises had been listed on the science and technology innovation board, of which 173 are high-tech enterprises. The capital market and science and technology enterprises have supported each other, creating a virtuous circle.

最后，区域创新高地加快形成。尤其过去的“十三五”，在北京、上海、粤港澳大湾区科技创新中心建设取得了快速发展，近期又开始启动成渝科技创新中心建设，世界知识产权组织有一个评估，中国有17个区域进入全球创新集群百强，其中，粤港澳大湾区、北京、上海进入全球创新集群前10位，这都是我国“十三五”期间科技创新总体能力提升的表现。谢谢大家。

Finally, we work to accelerate the formation of regional innovation clusters. In the past five years, rapid development has been achieved in the construction of science and technology innovation centers in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). Also, the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Science and Technology Innovation Center began recently. According to an assessment of the World Intellectual Property Organization, 17 regions of China have entered the top 100 global innovation clusters list. Among them, the GBA, Beijing, and Shanghai made the top 10. These achievements demonstrate that China's overall technological innovation capabilities have been improved during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. Thank you.

中国新闻社记者:

CNS:

大家都知道，中国今年有个目标就是建成全面小康社会，科学技术是第一生产力，在建成全面小康社会特别是贫困地区的脱贫攻坚方面，我们的第一生产力发挥了什么样的作用？下一步在巩固脱贫成果和实现乡村振兴战略方面，怎么进一步发挥科技的作用？谢谢。

We all know that one of China's two centenary goals is to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020.Science and technology is a primary source of productivity growth. What role has the primary source played in realizing the centenary goal, especially in the fight against poverty in impoverished areas? How can we further leverage the role of science and technology in consolidating the progress in poverty alleviation and realizing the rural revitalization? Thank you.

贺德方:

He Defang：

谢谢这位记者的提问。你说的很对，党的十八大以来，科技部党组以习近平总书记关于扶贫工作的重要论述为基本遵循，全面落实党中央关于脱贫攻坚的决策部署，坚持精准扶贫方略，组织动员全社会的科技力量，实施科技扶贫“百千万”工程。科技扶贫扎实推进，我想从科技行业系统推动和定点扶贫全面发力这两个层面来回答你的问题。

Thank you for your questions. You are quite right. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the leading Party members' group at the Ministry of Science and Technology has adhered to the important statements of General Secretary Xi Jinping on poverty alleviation work as the basic principle, fully implemented the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee on poverty alleviation, and adhered to the strategy of targeted poverty alleviation. The group has also organized and mobilized the scientific and technological forces of the entire society, and carried out the "hundred, thousand and ten thousand "scientific and technological project of poverty alleviation, achieving solid progress. I would like to answer your question from two aspects: systematic promotion by the scientific and technological industry and the comprehensive efforts in targeted poverty alleviation.

科技行业系统推进科技扶贫工作，一是聚焦农业产业的技术瓶颈，精准赋能扶贫产业。五年来，我们实施了3.76万项科技成果，有5万多项新品种、新技术得到了推广应用，使贫困地区的产业质量和效益得到了提升。二是瞄准扶贫地区科技人才短板，精准选派科技人才。组织各级各类的科技人才为贫困地区的发展提供智力支撑，科技特派员对全国建档立卡贫困村科技服务和创业带动全覆盖的目标已经基本实现。三是瞄准贫困地区的科技资源短板，精准整合创新资源。在贫困地区倾斜支持建设国家级和省级农业科技园区、“星创天地”等创新平台，初步统计有1152个，促进了科技要素向贫困地区的流动。

The scientific and technological industry has systematically promoted the work in poverty alleviation. First, we have focused on the technological bottlenecks appearing in the agricultural sector and empowered the capacity of poverty alleviation programs in a targeted manner. Over the past five years, 37,600 science and technology-related advances have been achieved, and more than 50,000 new varieties and technologies have been popularized, improving industrial quality and efficiency in poor areas. Second, targeting the weak link represented by a lack of sci-tech talents in poor areas, we have selected and dispatched appropriate staff to these regions. Sci-tech personnel of various levels and types have been organized to provide intellectual support for the development in impoverished areas. Technicians providing sci-tech services to ensure full coverage of entrepreneurship-driven development in villages registered as living under the poverty line has been basically achieved. Third, we have focused on the weak link that is a lack of sci-tech resources in impoverished areas and integrated innovation resources in a precise way. China has given preferential support in poor areas to construct national and provincial-level agricultural sci-tech parks and innovation platforms such as maker spaces. The parks and platforms, totaling 1,152 according to preliminary statistics, have promoted the flow of sci-tech elements to needy areas.

第二，全面着力定点扶贫县脱贫攻坚工作。科技部的定点帮扶工作，实际上我查了一下资料是始于1989年，目前已经累计派出了30届科技扶贫团。中央扶贫工作会议以来，科技行业管理系统实现了“四级联动”工作机制，通过引育人才、转化技术、支撑产业，5个定点扶贫县包括井冈山、永新、屏山、柞水、佳县，已经全部脱贫摘帽。其中井冈山2017年全国率先脱贫。2016年以来，我们在这5个定点扶贫县累计投入了2.2亿元的帮扶资金，引入帮扶资金超10亿元，井冈山的蔬菜、永新的桑蚕、屏山的茶叶、柞水的木耳、佳县的小杂粮等特色扶贫产业已经形成规模，充分展示了“凡是脱贫致富，必有科技要素”，有力印证了科技扶贫的精准性、可持续性和有效性。我现在还是部里第30届陕西扶贫团的团长，我也想讲两个小例子。

Second, comprehensive and redoubled efforts have been made to fight against poverty in designated poverty-stricken counties. I checked the data and found the Ministry of Science and Technology actually started its pairing assistance work in 1989. So far, a total of 30 groups have been sent out. Since the Central Conference on Poverty Alleviation, the sci-tech industry management system has formed a "four-level synergy" mechanism. By attracting and cultivating talents, transforming technological advances and supporting relevant industries, the five designated impoverished counties of Jinggangshan, Yongxin, Pingshan, Zhashui and Jiaxian have all been lifted out of poverty, with Jinggangshan the first to do so in 2017. Since 2016, we have invested 220 million yuan and introduced over 1 billion yuan to pair with and assist the five counties. The vegetables in Jinggangshan, silkworms in Yongxin, tea leaves in Pingshan, edible fungus in Zhashui, coarse cereals in Jiaxian and other poverty alleviation industries with distinctive features have taken shape, fully showing sci-tech elements are indispensable in poverty alleviation and verifying the precision, sustainability and effectiveness of science and technology-based anti-poverty efforts. I am still the head of the 30thpoverty alleviation group sent by the Ministry of Science and Technology to Shaanxi, and I want to share a couple of short stories.

第一，近年来科技部通过帮助陕西柞水县创建创新型县（市），木耳大数据中心、院士工作站等3个创新平台，带动了30个示范基地，实现了木耳产业年产值近3亿元。习近平总书记点赞柞水木耳：“小木耳、大产业”。第二，我们在2017年将“渗水地膜旱地穴播技术”在陕西佳县全面推广，不久以前志刚部长批准我到佳县去调研，我亲眼目睹了这项技术在今年陕北大旱之年实现了稳产增收，稳产是很不容易的，对照组差别非常显著，售价还有很大的提高。

First, in recent years, MOST has helped build Zhashui in Shaanxi province into an innovative county and establish three innovation platforms there, including a big data center of edible fungus and an academician workstation. This has driven growth of 30 demonstration bases and realized an annual output value of nearly 300 million yuan in the edible fungus industry. General Secretary XiJinping commended the edible fungus in Zhashui by noting "small fungus, big industry". Second, we promoted the "hill-drop sowing technology in dry land with permeable mulching film" across Jiaxian county in Shaanxi in 2017.Not long ago, with the approval of Mr. Wang, I went to Jiaxian on an inspection trip, where I witnessed how technological help had secured stable production and income increase despite this year's drought in northern Shaanxi. This stable production was hard-earned. The selling price registered a great increase. However, the situation of the control group was quite different.

下一步，科技部将进一步全面落实党中央国务院关于脱贫攻坚的决策部署，发挥科技优势，支撑巩固脱贫攻坚成果，持续推进脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有机衔接，创新驱动乡村振兴发展。谢谢。

In the next step, the Ministry of Science and Technology will further implement the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on poverty alleviation, leverage the sci-tech advantages, and support and consolidate the progress in fight against poverty. We will continue to promote the organic link-up between poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and to drive rural revitalization and development through innovation. Thank you.

王志刚:

Wang Zhigang:

我稍微补充一下科技部的扶贫工作，历史上从1989年开始，率先摘帽的是井冈山。科技扶贫讲扶志、扶智，志气和智力是相连的，当一个人的知识和技能提高了，看待问题的时候有自己的主见了，处理问题有自己方法的时候，这个人的志气、底气就会足一些，所以在这一点上，我们通过科技来使人的知识提高、技能提升，同时使他有志气，来把自己的贫困脱掉，而且更有可能帮助其他人一块脱贫。

I would like to add some information to the poverty alleviation work by MOST. First, as stated, it began in 1989 and Jinggangshan is the first county to shake off poverty. The science and technology-based poverty alleviation stresses helping people increase confidence in their own ability to lift themselves out of poverty and ensuring they can access the education they need to do so. Confidence is closely related with better education. When people acquire more knowledge and skills, have their own perceptions towards a problem and deal with it in their own way, they will become more ambitious and confident. In this sense, we improve people's knowledge and skills through science and technology to boost their confidence to make their own way out of poverty. In this way, they are also more likely to help others to get rid of poverty.

第二个补充，科技部近些年还在做一件事情，组织动员东部发达地区创新资源与中西部贫困地区开展精准结对帮扶，开展了科技支宁、科技兴蒙、科技入滇等活动。科技不仅要在宝塔尖上有新的发现，也要在整个国家建设、民生改善、国家安全等方面有全方位的提升、支持和服务。谢谢。

Second, in recent years, MOST has also organized and mobilized innovative resources in the more developed eastern regions to pair with and assist the less developed areas in the central and western regions in a targeted way. Activities of supporting the development of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Yunnan province through science and technology have been carried out. Science and technology should not only make breakthroughs on the frontiers, but also should be comprehensively upgraded to support and serve national development and security as well as improvement of people's livelihood. Thank you.

香港经济导报记者:

Hong Kong Economic Herald:

我的问题提问给王志刚部长，请问科技支持大湾区方面取得了哪些成就？下一步还有哪些举措？还想请问一下对“十四五”科技创新方面的规划有怎么样的思路和考虑？谢谢。

My question is to Mr. Wang. What achievements have been made in supporting the Greater Bay Area with science and technology, please? What are the next steps in the regard? And what thoughts and considerations do you have in scientific and technological innovation for the 14th Five-Year Plan? Thank you.

王志刚:

Wang Zhigang:

粤港澳大湾区建设是我国的重大区域战略，大湾区建设的成败，如果有若干标准的话，科技的发展、科技的渗透扩散以及对大湾区经济社会发展、环境改善、民生福祉的改善肯定是其中最重要的因素之一。所以在大湾区建设中，一个很重要的规划就是大湾区的科技创新规划，在这个规划中，怎样把粤港澳三地科技优势以及与全国其他科研力量结合起来，以粤港澳为中心，从科研到技术到产业到人的提升以及到整个大湾区的发展是非常重要的内容。同时，在大湾区怎样营造良好的创新环境，一个区域发展的好不好、质量高不高，很重要的一点要看哪些人来、哪些企业来、哪些研究机构和大学来建设，什么样的人来肯定就做什么样的事情，所以在大湾区的规划中也要以人为本，提供一个好的有利于科研的环境，搭建一个有利于人的成长与人的价值实现和国家发展目标相结合的好平台，这是在编制大湾区科技创新规划中的一个重要思路。

The development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is a major regional strategy of China. To measure its success, sci-tech development and diffusion as well as its contribution to the area's socio-economic advances, environmental and livelihood improvement are sure to be among the most important criteria. Thus, a very important plan for the area's progress is that of sci-tech innovation. In forming the plan, the combination of sci-tech strength of not only Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao but also the rest of the country, is crucial to the overall development of the area, ranging from technology, science and research to industries and people's overall improvement. At the same time, a good environment for innovation should be fostered. Widespread, high-quality development of a region largely depends on the high-quality personnel, enterprises, research institutions and universities within it. Therefore, the Greater Bay Area should adopt people-oriented planning, provide a preferential environment for sci-tech research, and build a platform where people can integrate their personal improvement and fulfillment into the national development goal. This is a significant idea in devising the sci-tech innovation scheme for the Greater Bay Area.

我们现在已经和香港、澳门、广东省、深圳市等在一起，以及和科技界、产业界、地方政府在一起，就科技创新这件事情来形成一个顶层设计，下一步，在如何制定好规划，形成一个好的政策法律和文化社会环境，实施若干个具体措施，建设有利于集聚科技人员的平台，有利于支撑地方发展的科研基础设施等方面，都会进一步落实，到时候请你们关注。关于大湾区的建设，还是那句话，科技是决定性因素之一，科技的成败从某种意义来讲也决定了大湾区建设的成色。谢谢。

We are now cooperating with Hong Kong, Macao, Shenzhen city and Guangdong province as well as sci-tech circles, industrial sectors and local governments to ensure top-level planning for sci-tech innovation. Concrete measures will be adopted to work out a proper scheme, formulate appropriate policies and laws, as well as cultivate a good cultural and social environment. Actions will be further taken to form a platform where sci-tech personnel can gather and build sci-tech infrastructure that can prop up local development. Your attention to these will be welcomed. Again, for the development of the Greater Bay Area, science and technology is one of the decisive factors. In a sense, the sci-tech success can determine the development of the Greater Bay Area. Thank you.

CGTN记者:

CGTN:

当前国际形势发生了不小的变化，这也波及到的科技领域。想请问在“十三五”期间，我国在国际科技合作上取得了哪些进展？同时在新的形势下，在国际合作方面有哪些新的部署？谢谢。

The world has undergone considerable changes which have affected the fields of science and technology. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, what progress has China made in international scientific and technological cooperation? At the same time, under the current situation, what arrangements have China made in terms of international cooperation? Thank you.

王志刚:

Wang Zhigang:

谢谢您的这个问题。首先不仅是波及了，真正讲现在国际竞争中间、合作中间，科技都是重要内容。在竞争方面科技已经变成一个主战场了，这一点我们也不用回避，中国很多企业，主要是高科技企业、高科技人员受到一些排挤、打压。但是我想，科技本身按其规律来讲肯定需要国际合作，需要科学共同体，因为科学的语言从某种意义上讲也是一个共同可以理解的语言。另外还有一句话，搞科研，关门搞是不行的，中国讲文绉绉一点的话叫“三人行必有我师焉”，所以从这一点讲，中国的改革开放在这一点是坚定不移的，而科技在改革开放中间始终走在前面，同时我们也认识到，改革开放40年包括“十三五”以来，中国既是科技开放合作以及整个改革开放的受益者和参与者，也是国际科技进步和造福人类的贡献者和推动者。我们这两个角色实际上是一体的。“十三五”期间，我们坚持以全球视野谋划和推动创新，主动融入全球创新网络，推动中国科技界和世界各国科学家在基础研究、全球性问题等多个领域开展科技交流合作，共同增加人类社会的公共知识和集体智慧。

Thank you for your question. The international situation has indeed affected us. Science and technology play an important role in both international competition and cooperation. The field of technology has become a key battleground, and we must rise to the challenge. Many Chinese companies, and especially high-tech companies and personnel, have been excluded and suppressed by some forces around the world. However, I think that science is in some sense a universal language and has its own objective laws. Therefore, international cooperation is necessary for the development of science and technology and we need to build a scientific community according to developmental laws. In addition, scientific research cannot be conducted behind closed doors. There is a Chinese saying:"When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers."With this viewpoint in mind, China has always been adhering to the correct path of cooperation in the reform and opening-up process where science and technology take center stage. We also recognize that over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, including during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China has not only participated in and benefited from scientific and technological opening-up and cooperation, but also contributed to global technological progress and human development. It is a reciprocal process. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, we have continued to advance innovation with a global perspective and actively integrated into the global innovation network. We have promoted scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation in fields including basic research and global issues between scientists in China and from around the world, and jointly increased public knowledge and the collective wisdom of human society.

一是打造全方位、深层次、广领域的科技开放合作格局。加强政府间双边和多边的科技交流合作，与多个国家建立创新对话机制，广泛参与和推动多边机制的科技创新议题磋商和务实合作。目前，我国已经与161个国家和地区建立了科技合作关系，签订了114个政府间的科技合作协定，并且这种协定都有相应的机制来保证，也参与了涉及科技的200多个国际组织和多边机制。

First, a comprehensive and multi-layer cooperation framework covering a wide range of areas has been formed. Bilateral and multilateral inter-governmental exchanges and cooperation in scientific and technological fields have been strengthened. We have established innovative dialogue mechanisms with multiple countries, and extensively participated in and promoted consultations and practical cooperation on issues of sci-tech innovation under multilateral mechanisms. At present, China has established such cooperation relations with 161 countries and regions, and signed 114 inter-governmental scientific and technological cooperation agreements, which are all part of various mechanisms. China has also participated in more than 200 international organizations as well as multilateral mechanisms related to science and technology.

二是积极参与并牵头组织实施国际大科学计划和工程。在国际热核聚变实验堆、平方公里阵列射电望远镜、国际大洋发现等国际大科学计划和大科学工程中，积极承担项目任务，深度参与运行管理。在解决重大技术和工程难题中主动作为，发挥了越来越重要的作用。我们聚焦事关全球可持续发展的重大问题，加快启动由中国牵头的国际大科学计划和大科学工程，支持各国科学家共同开展研究，实现了从最初的少量参与到重要参与再到主动发起的角色转变。

Second, the Ministry of Science and Technology has actively participated and taken the lead in organizing and undertaking international big science research plans and projects. It has also actively undertaken tasks and fully participated in the operational management of major international scientific programs and projects such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project, Square Kilometer Array (SKA) radio telescope, and International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP). The Ministry of Science and Technology has been solving major technological and engineering difficulties in a proactive manner, and is playing an increasingly important role accordingly. It focuses on major issues concerning sustainable global development, is accelerating efforts to launch international big science research plans and projects which are led by China, and supports scientists of all countries to jointly conduct research. The role China plays in this regard has changed from an increased level of participation to taking the initiative.

三是深入实施“一带一路”科技创新行动计划，总书记在两次“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛中都提出了这样一个科技创新行动计划，内容包括四个方面，第一是科技人文交流，第二是共建联合实验室，第三是科技园区合作，第四是技术转移转化。我们已经累计支持8300多名各国青年科学家来华工作，培训学员18万人次，启动建设33家“一带一路”联合实验室，与8个国家建立了官方的科技园区合作关系，建设5个国家级的技术转移平台，启动了中非科技创新合作中心，在联合国南南合作框架下，建立了技术转移南南合作中心，基本形成“一带一路”技术转移网络。

Third, the Ministry of Science and Technology has fully implemented the Belt and Road Science, Technology and Innovation Cooperation Action Plan. General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed this action plan during the first and second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation (BRF). The plan consists of four aspects: the Science and Technology People-to-People Exchange Initiative, the Joint Laboratory Initiative, the Science Park Cooperation Initiative, and the Technology Transfer Initiative. We have supported over 8,300 young scientists from around the world to work in China, trained 180,000 personnel, and started construction on 33 joint laboratories with countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative. We have also established official cooperation relations on science parks with eight countries, built five national tech transfer platforms, and launched a Sino-African sci-tech innovation cooperation center. A technology transferring South-South cooperation center has also been established under the UN's South-South cooperation mechanism, and the Belt and Road tech transfer network has been basically established.　

我们很高兴地看到，越来越多的中国科技工作者活跃在国际科技舞台，为解决全球重大问题挑战贡献了中国智慧，比如在这次疫情防控中，中国认真履行国际义务，积极推动科学数据和信息共享，搭建面向全球的开放科学共享服务平台，为175个国家和地区用户提供服务，累计数据下载量超过了1.6亿次，向国际社会分享了中国的抗疫经验，加强了疫苗、药物、检测等方面的国际联合研发合作，助力全球抗疫，包括刚才讲的动物模型，中国也是走在前面的。前不久中国宣布正式加入由全球疫苗免疫联盟、世卫组织牵头组织的“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”，切实履行向全球提供疫苗等公共产品的庄严承诺。

We are delighted to see that more and more Chinese science and technology professionals are participating in international sci-tech undertakings, and are contributing Chinese wisdom to addressing major global issues. For example, amid the pandemic prevention and control work, China has earnestly fulfilled its international obligations by actively promoting the sharing of scientific data and information. China has established a scientific literature sharing platform which is open to the world. The platform has provided services for users in 175 countries and regions, with total downloads of data exceeding 160 million times. The platform has helped China share its anti-epidemic experience with the rest of the world, strengthened global R&D efforts and cooperation in vaccine, medicine and COVID-19 testing, and thus contributed to the global anti-pandemic efforts. China also takes the lead in animal models as we mentioned earlier. Not long ago, China officially joined the COVAX initiative, the COVID-19 vaccination plan co-led by the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), and the World Health Organization (WHO). China will resolutely honor its solemn commitment to provide vaccines and other public goods for the world.　

面向未来，中国推动科技开放合作的意愿将更加强烈，这一点是我们始终坚持的，这是刚才一开头讲的，科技必须国际合作，步伐将迈得更大，推动政府间、民间等不同层次的国际科技合作交流，推动“一带一路”加快迈向创新之路，与各国携手应对新冠肺炎疫情等公共卫生挑战，扩大科技计划对外开放力度，为来华工作创业的海外人才提供更多便利化条件。在开放合作中与各国实现互惠互利，相互理解、相互尊重、相互信任，切实肩负起构建人类命运共同体的科技创新使命。

Looking ahead, China's resolve to promote the opening-up and cooperation on sci-tech is even stronger. Our determination in this regard is persistent. As I said at the beginning, science and technology requires international cooperation. China will take even bigger steps to promote international cooperation and communication in this regard at both government-to-government level and people-to-people level. China will work to make the BRIa path to innovation, joining hands with the rest of world to address major public health challenges such as COVID-19. China will open its doors even wider to the world regarding its science and technology plans, and provide greater convenience for overseas talents who work and open businesses in China. Through opening-up and cooperation, China will realize mutual benefit, understanding, respect and trust with the rest of the world. China will take on the responsibility of sci-tech innovation to build a community with a shared future for mankind.

中国日报记者:

China Daily:

社会上高度关注科研生态和科研诚信等问题，我国近年来也出台了一系列的规章制度，请问在科技界作风学风建设方面，目前我们现在还存在哪些问题？有什么可以进一步改进的措施？谢谢。

The general public pays great attention to issues, such as scientific research ecology and integrity. In recent years, China has issued a series of rules and regulations. What problems do we currently have in terms of building work style and study style in the science and technology community? What can be further improved? Thank you.

贺德方:

He Defang:

感谢你的提问，我想回答你的问题之前说一个观点。优良的科研作风和学风是做好科技工作的“生命线”，习近平总书记多次强调要大力的弘扬科学家精神，加强科研作风学风建设，科技部切实提高政治站位，把作风学风建设摆在事关科技工作全局的重要位置。刚才志刚部长在发布词当中对这些也作了介绍。科技部会同相关部门多措并举、全力推进。

Thanks for your questions. I want to make a point before answering your questions. Excellent scientific research work style and study style are the "lifeline" for performing well in science and technology works. General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized the need to vigorously promote the spirit of scientists and strengthen the construction of scientific research work style and study style. The Ministry of Science and Technology should effectively improve its political position and make the construction of work style and study style a priority. Mr. Wang also introduced these in his statement just now. The Ministry of Science and Technology, in conjunction with relevant departments, will take various measures to advance the implementation.

在宣传引导方面，编辑出版《科学家精神》丛书，开设弘扬科学家精神的宣传专栏，大力宣传优秀科学家的精神风貌和创新事迹，特别是在这次疫期间，科技部联合其他部门发布了“五倡导”，倡导科技报国、倡导严谨求实、倡导潜心钻研、倡导理性质疑、倡导学术民主，积极引导广大科技人员把论文写在祖国的大地上，把研究成果应用到战胜疫情的第一线，反响积极。

For publicity and guidance, the "Spirit of Scientists" book series was compiled and published, and a column was set up to vigorously promote not only the spirit of scientists but also the spiritual outlook and innovative deeds of those outstanding scientists. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Science and Technology and other departments issued the "Five Advocacies, "advocating science and technology to serve the country, advocating rigorous truth-seeking, advocating devoted research, advocating rational questioning, and advocating academic democracy. These advocacies actively guide scientific and technological workers to write papers for their motherland and apply the results to the fight against the pandemic. The response is positive.

在环境营造方面，科技部打出组合拳，一方面建立信任为前提的激励机制，不断的深化项目评审、人才评价、机构评估改革，并会同相关部门制定“破四唯”的系列文件，开展7个专项行动，减轻基层负担，激发创新活力。另一方面坚持信任不是放任、宽容不是纵容，加强监督和约束是为了更好的信任和宽容，我们出台了科研诚信案件的调查处理规则，科技违规行为处理规定，划定红线，明确界限，统一尺度，加强监督。

In terms of environmental construction, the Ministry of Science and Technology has implemented a dual approach. On the one hand, it established an incentive mechanism based on trust. It has continuously deepened reforms on project review, talent evaluation, and institutional evaluation. In conjunction with relevant departments, it also formulated a series of documents for "breaking the four standards," which means China will not just evaluate talents based on thesis, professional titles, education levels, or awards and will carry out seven special actions to reduce the burden on the grassroots and stimulate innovation vitality. On the other hand, it insists that trust is not laissez-faire, and tolerance is not indulgence. Strengthening supervision and restraint is for building better trust and tolerance. We have issued rules for investigating and handling scientific research integrity cases, as well as regulations for handling violations in scientific and technological work, so as to draw red lines, define boundaries, unify standards, and strengthen supervision.

在严肃惩戒方面，对于论文造假等科研违规行为，我们的态度一贯是鲜明的、坚决的，那就是发现一起，处理一起，绝不姑息。今年9月16日公开通报了几起科技违规的案件，刚才志刚部长还介绍了肿瘤生物学107篇论文的处理，以后将形成常态化的通报，就是要强化警示、形成震慑，让守规者一路绿灯，违规者处处受限。

In terms of serious punishment, our attitude towards scientific research violations, such as paper falsification, has always been clear and resolute. That is, once discovered, the case will be dealt with, and we will never tolerate it. On Sept. 16, several scientific and technological violations were publicly revealed. Mr. Wang just introduced the handling of 107 problematic papers on tumor biology, which will shape a regular notification system in the future. Rule-abiding people should be protected, while violators should be restricted everywhere.

“十三五”以来，科研作风学风治理的各项举措有效实施，一些深层次的问题正在逐步解决，但是我们也应该看到，浮夸浮躁、急于求成、学术不端甚至弄虚作假的现象还是时有发生的，作风学风治理的任务仍然十分艰巨。下一步科技部将会同有关部门进一步的转变政府职能，把更多的精力转到定战略、定方针、定政策和创造环境、搞好服务上来。对于高校和科研机构这样一些创新主体要切实肩负起主体责任，加强教育引导、强化学术管理，对不良作风学风和违规行为要敢于“亮剑”，敢于“揭短亮丑”，敢于严肃处理。广大的科研人员要继承优良传统，恪守科研规范，珍惜学术声誉。科技部将与社会各界和广大科研人员一起携手努力，形成强大合力，共同守护好科技工作“生命线”，推动我国科研学风建设取得更大成效。

Since the 13th Five-Year Plan, various measures for the governance of scientific research work and study styles have been effectively implemented, and some deep-seated problems have gradually been resolved. However, we should also see that the phenomena of exaggeration, quick success, academic misconduct, and even fraud are still happening from time to time, and the task of dealing with work and study styles is still very arduous. In the next step, the Ministry of Science and Technology will work with relevant departments to further transform government functions and shift more energy to making strategies, policies, and guidelines, as well as creating environments and improving service. For some innovative entities, such as universities and scientific research institutions, we must earnestly shoulder the main responsibilities, strengthen education and guidance, enhance academic management, and expose and deal with bad work and study styles and violations. The vast number of scientific researchers must inherit fine traditions, abide by scientific research norms, and cherish academic reputation. The ministry will work with all sectors of society and scientific researchers to form a strong joint force, guard the "lifeline" of scientific and technological work, and promote the construction of China's scientific research style to achieve greater results.

胡凯红:

Hu Kaihong:

王部长有补充吗？

Does Mr. Wang have anything to add?

王志刚:

Wang Zhigang:

最后对媒体朋友表示感谢，同时也谢谢你们今天的时间和你们的问题。谢谢大家。

Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to friends in the media, and thank you for your time and questions. Thank you all.

胡凯红:

Hu Kaihong:

今天的发布会到此结束，谢谢王部长，谢谢四位发布人，谢谢各位。

This concludes today's press conference. Thank you, Mr. Wang. Thank you to our four speakers, and thank you all.