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新词、潮词宝典4

天之聪教育 2012-09-05 china daily 478次

China Daily的语言简短、地道,都是日常生活中的大事小情,都是一些小词,很少有偏僻的词汇。建议学口译的学员定一份China Daily的手机报!


 

如何利用媒体扩增知识面、提升语言表达能力

Pupils jam at HK border
8成赴港上学儿童昨迟到


A new system to improve the movement at checkpoints of Shenzhen children traveling to Hong Kong for school had a rocky start Monday, China Daily reported. 80% of the kids were late for their first day of school because they had failed to register for a digital bar code system in advance. Up to 17,000 Shenzhen students are expected to travel to Hong Kong for school this semester. Many parents were disconnected from news in Hong Kong over the summer vacation.
据《中国日报》报道,为了方便深圳赴港上学儿童而新推出的条码快速识别系统3日”出师不利”。因没有事先办理条码注册,当日有8成”跨境学童”开学第一天迟到。去香港上学的深圳儿童本学期将达1.7万名。暑假期间,很多家长对于香港方面的新闻一无所知。


['乘车过关'更人性]
The new “on-bus checking” method will allow students to stay on buses when crossing the border, as customs staff members board the buses with a digital device to scan the children’s bar codes. It is estimated that the time taken will be reduced by half.
根据新规,学童今后过关将可免下校车,由海关工作人员持仪器上车扫描条码。此举预计可将过关时间缩短一半。

Moutai increases price
茅台迎6年来最大涨价潮


With the Mid-autumn Festival nearing, brand liquors see signs of a price hike. Kweichow Moutai announced Monday evening it would increase the factory price of some of its products by an average of 20-30%, Beijing News reported. This is the biggest price increase of Moutai since 6 years ago. The factory price of the company’s flagship beverage 53-degree Flying Moutai was RMB619 per bottle before the price hike.
中秋节临近,高端白酒现涨价势头。据《新京报》报道,3日晚,贵州茅台宣布上调部分产品出厂价,平均涨幅为20-30%。此次调价为茅台6年来最大幅度涨价。此前,53度飞天茅台出厂价为619元。


[高端白酒曾遇冷]
Just after the 2012 Spring Festival, brand liquors were given short shrift (冷遇) because of a limitation on government officials’ overspending on vehicles, receptions and overseas trips (in which receptions consume brand liquors). Some brand liquors were forced to reduce the retail price of their products following the limitation.
今年春节后,高端白酒曾因国家限制”三公消费”(公车、公务招待、公款出国)而遇冷,终端价一度被迫下调。

Trading rooms vanishing
散户交易大厅正在消失

The Chinese retail investor trading room, frequented by mom-and-pop (小型的) investors who buy and sell stocks between hands of cards, may soon be gone. China’s security houses are shrinking their retail outlet space to save on rent, Reuters reported. Some old trading rooms have been replaced by terminals with no chairs provided.
中国的散户交易大厅曾是小股民们边打牌边买卖股票的地方,但交易大厅或将很快成为历史。据路透社报道,为了节省租金,中国的证券公司正在缩减交易大厅数量。很多曾经的大厅已经被不提供椅子的终端机所取代。


[老股民说...]
“I’ve been coming here (the trading room) since 2007, every workday from 9:30 to 3,” a 60-year-old Shanghai woman said. She said she likes to chat with other investors.
一位60岁的上海老太太说:”我从2007年就来这里(交易大厅),每个工作日从9点半到3点,雷打不动。”她说她喜欢与其他投资者闲聊。


[分析师说...]
“Nowadays, 90% of clients trade online,” said Tian Liang, analyst at Guosen Securities. “There’s no need to set up a big outlet for trading equipped with an expensive IT system and additional staff.”
国信证券分析师田亮说:”现如今,90%的客户进行网上交易,因此没必要设置一个需配备昂贵IT系统和额外员工的交易大厅。”


[券商说...]
“We encourage retail investors to buy investment products from institutions, rather than trade stocks themselves,” Jin Xiaobin, board secretary of Haitong Securities said. He said retail investors lack risk-management skills.
海通证券董事会秘书金晓斌说:”我们鼓励散户投资者从机构购买投资产品,而不是自己进行股票交易。”他说,散户缺乏风险管理的能力。

Organic food isn’t healthier
有机食品不一定更健康

It comes at a premium price, but it seems organic food may not be worth shelling out for, the Daily Mail of London reported Monday. Researchers from Stanford University Medical Center, California, found no clear evidence of any significant added health benefits. They also found that there was no guarantee organic food would be pesticide-free, though it did have lower levels.
据英国《每日邮报》3日报道,有人喜欢花高价购买有机食品,但它们可能不一定那么物有所值。美国加州斯坦福大学医学中心的研究人员称,没有明显证据证明有机食品更健康。就算有机食品的农药含量较低,也无法保证完全不使用农药。

Joint military exercises between India and China will be resumed after a 4-year gap, Indian Defense Minister AK Antony announced Tuesday after talks with Chinese Defense Minister Liang Guanglie, foreign media reported.
据外媒报道,印度国防部长安东尼4日在与中国国防部长梁光烈会晤后表示,两国将重启联合军事演习。这是中印时隔4年首次恢复军演。

Late August saw prices increase for 17 types of food, according to data released Tuesday by the National Bureau of Statistics, which monitored 27 types of food in the last 10 days of August in major 50 cities. It also showed almost all meat prices went up.
国家统计局4日公布8月下旬50个城市主要食品价格变动情况,在监测的27种食品中,有17种食品价格出现上涨,肉类价格几乎全线上涨。

The Tibet autonomous region is expected to receive a record 10m-plus tourists this year, Xinhua reported. These visitors will bring revenue of more than RMB12b, equal to 17% of the region’s GDP.
据新华社报道,预计赴西藏旅游人数今年可突破创纪录的1000万,实现旅游总收入120亿元以上(占西藏生产总值的17%)。

Moody’s has lowered its outlook for the European Union’s AAA credit rating to “negative” and warned that the bloc’s actual rating could be downgraded, the BBC reported.
据英国广播公司报道,美国穆迪投资服务公司将欧盟的AAA评级展望下调为负面,并警告称可能调降欧盟评级。

How Cruise chooses wife
美媒揭阿汤哥选妻内幕


A new Vanity Fair cover story reveals how high-ranking Scientology (科学教) officials helped select a prospective wife for Tom Cruise before he met Katie Holme, the newly-divorced former wife. Rumor has it that Sofia Vergara and Scarlett Johansson were among those approached as marital prospects for Cruise. Shelly Miscavige, the wife of Scientology chief David Miscavige, oversaw the exercise to find the new Mrs Cruise.
美国《名利场》杂志最新一期封面故事曝光了汤姆·克鲁斯与刚刚离婚的妻子凯蒂认识之前,科学教高层为其选妻的内幕。据称,女星索菲娅·维加拉及斯嘉丽·约翰逊曾在考察名单之列,选妻行动由科学教教主大卫·密斯卡维吉的老婆雪莉主持。

[拍拖前每天遭审查]
The search yielded Nazanin Boniadi, an Iranian-born, London-raised actress and Scientologist, who went on to date Cruise from November 2004 until January 2005. Boniadi spent the month prior to the courtship being audited every day, and was forced to share personal secrets and details of her sex life with a high-ranking Scientology official.
2004年11月到2005年1月期间,一名生于伊朗、长在伦敦的女演员兼教徒——波妮阿蒂被选中与阿汤哥拍拖。在此前一个月,她每天都要被审查,被迫向科学教高层汇报个人隐私及性生活细节。


[因对教主不敬遭遗弃]
After a blissful first month, the relationship turned sour when Boniadi’s behavior toward David Miscavige was interpreted by Cruise as disrespectful. Boniadi was later sent to a Scientology Center in Florida, where she made the mistake of revealing the details of her courtship with Cruise to a friend when she was unable to hide her emotional distress. The friend then reported her to Scientology officials. Boniadi’s punishment was to scrub toilets and clean bathroom tiles.
在与阿汤哥幸福相处一个月后,阿汤哥认为波妮阿蒂对教主有所不敬,两人关系告终。之后,该女演员被送往佛罗里达的科学教中心。在那里,她情绪失控,将之前与阿汤哥交往细节透露给另一教友,结果被对方告发,被罚洗厕所、刷浴室瓷砖。

How important are ratings?
网评半颗星值多少生意?

How important is the online ratings system, employed by sites such as dianping.com, for a business’s fortunes? A study, conducted by US economists, found that with the rating improved by just half a star – on a scale of 1 to 5 – a restaurant will be fully booked on 49% of the evenings it is open for business in contrast to the 39% of evenings before. The increase was found to happen without any change in prices or the quality of food and service, confirming that it was the reviews that brought in the new customers.
“大众点评”等网站采取的评分系统,对一家公司的命运来说到底有多重要?美国经济学家研究发现,以评分体系为1到5星为例,如果某家餐厅评分提升半颗星,该餐厅在营业期间将有49%的晚上客满,此前这一比例只有39%,而价格及食品和服务的质量没有任何变化。这说明新的顾客是由好评带来的。

【China Daily Radio】
又是美国大选年,每天的新闻都少不了两党总统候选人的骂战。至于最后谁能获胜,起决定性作用的其实是那些对两党都没有明显支持倾向的州,也就是purple state(紫色州)。


A purple state is a state with a vote which is typically closely divided between Democratic and Republican candidates at election time. As a result, such states can become important areas for electoral contests, with candidates fighting to get the majority of the vote so that they can win.
紫色州(purple state)指在选举期间民主党和共和党候选人得到的支持率很接近、不相上下的一些州。由此,这些州在竞选过程中就变得尤为重要,总统候选人都努力想要争得这些州大部分的选票,以保证自己最终能够获胜。


The “purple” in the name is a reference to the fact that as election results come in, states are typically colored red or blue to indicate a win by a Republican or Democratic candidate, and purple is a blend of these two colors.
这里用”紫色”是因为,随着竞选结果逐步呈现,支持共和党的州显示为红色,支持民主党的州显示蓝色,而紫色就是红色和蓝色混合之后呈现的颜色。


You may also hear a purple state called a swing state, because the vote can swing either way, or as a battleground state, in a reference to the fact that candidates sink serious resources into purple states, often long before the election.
紫色州也被称为”摇摆州”,意即这个州的选票可能偏向任何一方;有时也被称作”战场州”,说的是总统候选人通常早在选举开始之前就向这些州投入大量的资源。


前不久,《现代汉语词典》推出第六版,3000多个新词条引人注目。一些词语的入选和被拒,也引发坊间不少的纷争。比如说宅女和剩女,仅一字之差,宅女是幸运儿,入选了,而剩女却被拒之门外。

我们来看一则有关“剩女”的英文报道:
These “leftover” men and women, as they are called in Chinese, are defined by the All-China Women’s Federation as single women above the age of 27 and single men older than 30.
中文中所说的“剩男剩女”即中华全国妇女联合会所定义的年龄在27岁以上的单身女性和年龄在30岁以上的单身男性。

上面的报道将“剩男剩女”翻译成leftover women and men,明显带有贬义,因为leftover一词的意思是“吃剩的食物,残羹剩饭”,正好对应了中文原词的贬义色彩。“剩男剩女”指的是大龄未婚男女青年,因为到了婚嫁年龄却还单身,所以被认为是“剩下了”。

那些接近expiry date的“准剩男剩女”也有一个称号,就是doomed single(必剩客)。

不过,如果我们将一个二三十岁的大姑娘称为leftover woman,相信谁听了都不乐意。国外一般将大龄女青年称为3S lady,也就是Single(单身)、Seventies (大多数生于上世纪七十年代)、Stuck(被卡住了,即在寻找伴侣的路上被卡住了)。

在3S中还有特殊的一类“黄金剩女”SAS,即single(单身)、Attractive(迷人),Successful(成功)。

在英语口语中, on the shelf这个短语常用来表示女子过了适婚年龄依然未能嫁出去的状态。
例句:Why is the hello girl still on the shelf?
为什么这个女接线员还没嫁出去?


Reading
阅读


These five snippets of well-meaning to singles top Anderson’s list of worst offenses. Here’s why.
这五个给单身女性的善意建议被安德森列为最糟糕的冒犯。以下是她的解释:

1) What’s Said: MAYBE YOU’RE NOT TRYING HARD ENOUGH. What’s Heard: This can come off sounding like you’re making judgment,” says Anderson. “It’s better to encourage a single person to explore new relationships to the extent they are comfortable and to extend themselves in ways that feel natural and not forced.”

1) 建议:也许你还不够努力。
听起来:“这听起来像你在做评判。” 安德森说道,“最好鼓励一个单身人士去寻求新的令人感觉自在的恋情。在这种恋情里,双方是以自然的而不是被迫的方式去交往的。”

2) What’s Said: WEAR MORE MAKEUP.
What’s Heard: More than implying that the search for Mr. Right is as easy as brushing a spot of color onto the cheeks, this comment offends further by actually attacking a person’s core identity. “A woman presents herself according to what she defines as meaningful. Whether her style is glamorous belle or au naturelle, every woman should be allowed to be herself. There’s a man out there who is going to be attracted to her style, whatever it is. If she’s presenting herself as anyone other than who she really is, that’s false advertising and that’s going to backfire.”

2)建议:多化妆。
听起来:更像是暗示寻找理想伴侣就像往面颊上刷腮红一样简单。这样的评论冒犯了一个人的本质特性,因而更加令人反感。“每个女人展现的都是她认为有意义的部分。不管她的风格是极富魅力的还是不加雕琢的,每个女人都应当被允许做她自己。无论是何种风格,总会有个男人被她的风格所吸引。如果她表现得像另一个人而不是真正的她自己,这就是错误的展现方式,并且是在搬起石头砸自己的脚。”

3) What’s Said: GET BACK OUT THERE!
What’s Heard: This can send the signal that the single person is simply not doing enough speed or Internet or blind dating, or worse, that she isn’t living a full enough life. “Singles are not by definition hiding out in their closets curled up in the fetal position all day,” says Anderson. “Most are likely working, meeting friends out for dinner and events, working out.”

3) 建议:别放弃,继续行动!
听起来:这可能让人觉得单身人士之所以处于目前的状态仅仅是因为她没有足够迅速地采取行动,或多上网,或多相亲,甚至生活很不充实才单身的。“单身女性不能定义为如胎儿般成天蜷缩躲在自己房间的人。” 安德森说道,“她们中的大多数很可能在工作、在外与朋友聚餐、参加活动和健身。”

4) What’s Said: YOU’RE TOO PICKY.
What’s Heard: This sends single women the message that their time to be choosy is up, that it’s now time to go out and pick up any chump.”

4) 建议:你太挑剔了。
听起来:这向单身女性传递了这样的讯息:她们‘能够挑三拣四’的年代已经结束,现在是她们出去随便捡一个笨蛋的时候。

5) What’s Said: TONE IT DOWN A NOTCH.
What’s Heard: You ask too many questions. You’re too intimidating. You’re overly opinionated. You’re too consumed with work. “This is interpreted by single women to mean that they have to dial down their core identity a notch in order to attract potential suitors and make them feel comfortable,” says Anderson. “Suggesting that a woman reduce the fullness of who she is to lure a mate will lead to an inauthentic connection, and is a recipe for a disastrous relationship or marriage. Because really, how long can any person fake it and maintain a facade?”

5)建议:放下架子。
听起来:你问题太多了。你太盛气凌人了。你过分固执己见了。你为了工作太憔悴了。“这些将被单身女性解读为她们不得不为了吸引并取悦可能的追求者而把自己的内在个性调低一个档次,” 安德森说道,“一个女人以有所保留的自己去赢取异性伴侣会促就不可靠的关系,酿成悲剧恋情或者婚姻。毕竟,一个人能捏造并维持假象多久呢?

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