北外高翻汉英笔译学生作业

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北外高翻汉英笔译学生作业

周蕴仪 2012-09-25 网络 930次

对打算考北外高翻的学员而言，现在确实到了比较迷茫的时期。深知大家不容易。这篇译文，分数中下。他们有两周完成（第一部分是知识题），有充分的时间调查研究，所以即使自己的译文不如他的，也不必焦虑。况且，做得比他差多的也大有人在。所以我说，正视自己的能力固然重要，但也不要长他人志气，灭自己的威风。尝试，只不过是对自己的理想负责。

第二部分：翻译
原文：

1)大坝工程造成了沿河流域可耕地的土质肥力持续下降。大坝建成前，尼罗河下游地区的农业得益于河水的季节性变化，每年雨季来临时泛滥的河水在耕地上覆盖了大量肥沃的泥沙，周期性地为土壤补充肥力和水分。可是，在大坝建成后，虽然通过引水灌溉可以保证农作物不受干早威胁。但由于泥沙被阻于库区上游，下游灌区的土地得不到营养补允。所以土地肥力不断下降。

2)修建大坝后沿尼罗河两岸出现了土壤盐硷化。由于河水不再泛滥，也就不再有雨季的大量河水带走土壤中的盐分，而不断的灌溉又使地下水位上升，把深层土壤内的盐分带到地表，再加上灌溉水中的盐分和各种化学残留物的高含量，导致了土壤盐硷化。

3)库区及水库下游的尼罗河水水质恶化，以河水为生活水源的居民的健康受到危害。大坝完工后水库的水质及物理性质与原来的尼罗河水相比明显变差了。库区水的大量蒸发是水质变化的一个重要原因。另一个原因是，土地肥力下降迫使农民不得不大量使用化肥，化肥的残留部分随灌溉水又回流尼罗河，使河水的氮、磷含量增加，导致河水富营养化，下游河水的平均密度增加了，由160mg/上升到250mg/l。此外，土壤盐硷化导致土壤中的盐分及化学残留物大大增加，既使地下水受到污染，也提高了尼罗河水的含盐量。这些变化不仅对河水中生物的生存和流域的耕地灌溉有明显的影响，而且毒化尼罗河下游居民的饮用水。

译文：

The project causes the soil of the riverside farmland to be less fertile. Before the building of the dam, the lower course of the river had its flow changing seasonally.看不懂 In rainy seasons, large amounts of nutrient sediments carried by the flood were deposited onto the land nearby. In this way, water supply and fertility of the soil got 口语bothrenewed 搭配periodically. This used to benefit agriculture greatly. After the project was finished, however, although the reservoir behind the dam successfully protects the crops from droughts by continuously providing water for irrigation, 句子结构，头重脚轻it traps those sediments at the same time. Thus, the soil downstream can no longer obtain nutrient supplement, and its fertility decreases constantly as a result.多数句子比较生硬

After the building of the dam, the soil along the River Nile becomes salinized. The reasons are multiple. First of all, the river does not flood any more in rainy seasons to carry away the salt in the soil. Frequent irrigation, on the other hand, results in the rising of the water table, bringing the salt in deeper layer of the soil up to the earth’s surface. Meanwhile, the irrigation water itself contains considerable amount of salt and chemical residues.

The quality of the water in the reservoir and the lower course deteriorates, threatening the health of the residents who live off the River Nile. A major cause for this phenomenon is that the water in the reservoir evaporates massively. Moreover, as the soil itself is less fertile, farmers have to use large amounts of chemical fertilizers. The residues were drained into the River Nile and make it eutrophic, increasing the average density of the phytoplankton in the lower course from 160mg/l to 250mg/l. In addition, the salinized soil pollutes the ground water and again increases the salt level of the river. Such changes dramatically affect the survival of the aquatic species and the irrigation of nearby lands, and furthermore, contaminate the drinking water of the residents living in the lower course.