胡凯红:

Hu Kaihong:

女士们、先生们，大家上午好。欢迎出席国务院新闻办今天举办的新闻发布会。今年是脱贫攻坚的收官之年，3月6日，习近平总书记出席决战决胜脱贫攻坚座谈会并发表重要讲话，强调要坚决克服新冠肺炎疫情影响，坚决夺取脱贫攻坚战全面胜利。今天我们请来了国务院扶贫办主任刘永富先生，请他向大家介绍落实习近平总书记要求决战决胜脱贫攻坚有关情况，并回答大家关心的问题。首先有请刘主任介绍。

Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. Welcome to this press conference held by the State Council Information Office. 2020 is the year of the completion of China's poverty alleviation tasks. On March 6, General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at a symposium on securing a decisive victory in poverty alleviation. He emphasized the importance of overcoming the impact of COVID-19 to clinch a complete victory in the fight against poverty. Today, we have invited Mr. Liu Yongfu, director of the Office of State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development. He will introduce the measures to implement the guidelines derived from remarks made by General Secretary Xi Jinping on securing a decisive victory in poverty alleviation. He will also answer some of your questions. First, I'll give the floor to Mr. Liu.

刘永富:

Liu Yongfu:

女士们、先生们、朋友们，上午好。非常欢迎各位出席今天的发布会，也感谢大家长期以来对中国扶贫事业的关注和支持。

Ladies and gentlemen, friends, good morning. Welcome to today's press conference. I would like to thank all of you for your long-term concern and support for China's poverty alleviation cause.

3月6日，在新冠肺炎疫情防控的关键时刻，在中国打赢脱贫攻坚战还有300天的时间节点，习近平总书记召开了决战决胜脱贫攻坚的座谈会。这次座谈会是习近平总书记六年来召开的第七次座谈会，也是规模最大的一次座谈会。全国开到了各省、自治区、直辖市，中西部向中央签署脱贫攻坚责任书立下军令状的22个省一直开到了县。在这次会议上，习近平总书记充分肯定了脱贫攻坚取得的成绩，深刻分析了脱贫攻坚面临的问题和挑战，对决战决胜脱贫攻坚、做好收官之年的工作作出了新的部署，提出了严格的要求。可以说，这次座谈会对我们全面完成脱贫攻坚任务，坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战指明了方向。

General Secretary Xi Jinping chaired a symposium on securing a decisive victory in poverty alleviation on March 6, at the critical moment for COVID-19 epidemic control and also the beginning of the 300-day countdown to the completion of the poverty eradication task. This symposium is the seventh one on poverty alleviation chaired by General Secretary Xi Jinping and was the largest of its kind in the past six years. The symposium was a teleconference attended by officials in provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities across the country, as well as responsible comrades at the county level in 22 central and western provinces who have signed the letter of responsibility for tackling poverty to the central government. At the symposium, General Secretary Xi Jinping fully acknowledged the achievements in poverty alleviation, made a profound analysis of problems and challenges, and issued new arrangements and strict instructions on securing a decisive victory in poverty alleviation and the completion of relevant tasks. Arguably, the symposium has charted out the direction to accomplish our poverty alleviation tasks and win the hard battle against poverty with determination.

这次会议也是对全党、全社会发出的脱贫攻坚总攻动员令，吹响了脱贫攻坚的总攻冲锋号，是做好脱贫攻坚收官工作的基本遵循和行动指南，体现了党中央统筹疫情防控和脱贫攻坚以及经济社会发展各项工作的安排部署，体现了党中央疫情防控和脱贫攻坚两手抓、两手硬的部署，既彰显了习近平总书记作为人民领袖的为民情怀和责任担当，也彰显了我们打赢疫情防控阻击战和脱贫攻坚战的坚定意志和坚强决心。

This symposium has sent out a mobilization order for poverty alleviation to the entire Communist Party of China (CPC) and the whole society. It sounded a bugle for the victory in the fight against poverty, and provided fundamental guidelines for the completion of poverty alleviation tasks. It reflects the arrangements made by the CPC Central Committee on balancing epidemic prevention and control with economic and social development, as well as the plans of the CPC Central Committee on coordinating epidemic control and poverty alleviation with equal importance. The symposium has showcased General Secretary Xi Jinping's devotion to the people's well-being with a great sense of responsibility as a leader serving the people. It has also demonstrated our strong will and determination to win the fight against the novel coronavirus and the hard battle against poverty.　　

这次会议以后，国务院扶贫开发领导小组进行了工作的安排部署，国务院扶贫办会同有关方面细化落实举措，逐项拿出工作清单。各地区和中央国家机关各有关部门都做了大量的工作，现在都在抓贯彻落实。可以说，形成了一个比学赶超、狠抓落实的新局面和新热潮。我们坚信，有习近平总书记的举旗定向、亲历亲为，有党中央、国务院的坚强领导，一定能够打赢疫情防控阻击战，打赢脱贫攻坚战，全面完成脱贫攻坚任务。

Since the symposium concluded, the State Council Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development has been working with relevant parties to implement the arrangements made by the leading group. Government bodies at both central and local levels have been putting in enormous effort in this regard, learning from each other's experiences and forging ahead. With General Secretary Xi Jinping's guidance and hand-on efforts, as well as the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, we have faith that we will win the fight against the COVID-19 outbreak, score a victory in the tough battle against poverty, and fully accomplish the task of poverty alleviation.

借这个机会，我也向大家简要介绍一下脱贫攻坚的进展和下一步的工作安排。大家都知道，中国共产党和中国政府在2015年明确提出了脱贫攻坚的目标任务，就是到2020年实现现行标准下贫困人口全部脱贫，贫困县全部摘帽，解决区域性整体贫困。经过了七年多的精准扶贫，特别是四年多的脱贫攻坚战，现行标准下的农村贫困人口从2012年底的9899万人减少到去年底的551万人，贫困县从832个减少到今年的52个，可以说接近完成脱贫攻坚的目标任务。贫困群众的收入大幅增长，贫困地区贫困群众的生产生活条件明显改善，贫困地区的经济社会发展明显加快，中国减贫治理能力显著提升，取得一系列的成绩。

I would like to take this opportunity to briefly introduce the progress that has been made towards poverty alleviation and our future work plans. It is well known that in 2015 the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Chinese government put forward clear targets on poverty alleviation. The aim was that by the end of 2020, all poor people and counties under the current standards would be lifted out of poverty and regional poverty would be resolved. After more than seven years of targeted poverty alleviation work, and especially intensified efforts over the past four-plus years, rural poverty population under the current standards has declined from 98.99 million at the end of 2012 to 5.51 million at the end of last year. The number of poor counties has also decreased from 832 to 52 this year. We are getting close to the goal of eliminating poverty. The income of impoverished people has increased noticeably and their working and living conditions in poverty-stricken areas have improved significantly. Socio-economic development in poor areas has accelerated remarkably and China's governance capacity for poverty alleviation has also improved considerably. These are our achievements so far.　　

下一步，我们将按照党中央的部署，按照习近平总书记提出的要求，一是要积极应对好疫情对脱贫攻坚的影响，把疫情对脱贫攻坚的影响降到最低，绝不能因为疫情影响脱贫攻坚目标任务的实现。重点做好贫困劳动力的外出打工；开展消费扶贫行动，做好农产品特别是扶贫产品的销售；做好扶贫项目的开工复工，力争在上半年完成。二是要完成剩余的脱贫任务。对没有摘帽的52个县和2707个贫困村中任务比较重的1113个贫困村实施挂牌督战，确保按期脱贫摘帽。三是要巩固脱贫成果。已经脱贫的9300多万贫困人口，有一部分是不稳固的，是比较脆弱的，我们要防止他返贫。

Next, we will follow the arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the requirements put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping. First, we will minimize the impact of the epidemic on poverty alleviation work. We will not allow a scenario whereby the epidemic affects our progress in attaining the poverty alleviation targets. In particular, we will support the poor in seeking jobs outside their hometowns; we will carry out consumption-driven alleviation, focusing on the sale of agricultural products, especially those sold by poor people; and we will launch and resume poverty alleviation projects to ensure that they are completed in the first half of the year. Second, we will complete the remaining poverty alleviation tasks, focusing on the 52 counties and 1,113 most impoverished villages among the 2,707 poor villages. With supervision and scrutiny, we will make sure that they are lifted out of poverty on schedule. Third, we will consolidate the current achievements in poverty alleviation. Of the 93 million poor people who have been lifted out of poverty, some are relatively vulnerable. We must prevent these people from returning to poverty.

另外，有一些边缘户，接近贫困户水平，要防止他掉入贫困。要抓好这方面的工作，重点是对已经脱贫的要继续做好产业扶贫、就业扶贫和易地扶贫搬迁贫困人口的后续帮扶工作。同时，对容易返贫和可能致贫的，建立贫困监测和帮扶机制，把事前的预防和事中的帮扶做起来，防止返贫和产生新的贫困。

In addition, we will also prevent those living near the poverty line from falling into poverty. For those who have been lifted out of poverty, we will continue to carry out industry- and employment-based poverty alleviation work and follow-up on the task of relocating poor people. At the same time, we will establish a tracking and pairing assistance mechanism for vulnerable groups to prevent the occurrence of poverty and the emergence of new poverty cases. 　　

今年是脱贫攻坚的收官之年，本来就有不少硬仗要打，突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情带来了新的挑战，大家对全面完成脱贫攻坚任务都很关心。现在我愿意回答大家关于脱贫攻坚方面的问题。谢谢。

2020 is the final year in attaining the goal of eradicating poverty. We have already had to overcome many challenges, whilst the COVID-19 outbreak has brought new ones. I know you are very concerned about how we will meet the targets. Now I would like to take your questions on poverty alleviation. Thank you.

胡凯红:

Hu Kaihong:

谢谢刘主任，现在开始提问，提问之前请先通报所代表的新闻机构。

Thank you, Director Liu. We are now open to questions. Please identify your news outlet before asking your question.

中央广播电视总台央视记者:

CCTV:

我想问一下刘主任，今年是脱贫攻坚的收官之年，打赢脱贫攻坚战距离现在不到300天的时间了，但是疫情对脱贫攻坚提出了新的挑战。请问疫情对脱贫攻坚的影响具体都有哪些？有人担心，疫情影响下脱贫攻坚的目标任务还能否如期实现，对这个问题您是怎么看待的？谢谢。　　

I have a question for Mr. Liu. The year 2020 marks the target year for China's poverty alleviation endeavors, and less than 300 days are left before victory is secured. However，the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic has posed new challenges to the battle of poverty alleviation. Could you shed some light on the specific impacts of the epidemic on China's poverty alleviation efforts? There are some concerns that the poverty relief goals may not be achieved on time amid the epidemic. What do you make of that? Thank you.

刘永富:

Liu Yongfu:

你说得很对，习近平总书记开会的时候，有300天，到今天还有294天。当然，绝对不是说工作哪一天就戛然而止，但是它必定有一个标志性的时间。所以，时间确实是很紧迫的，疫情对脱贫攻坚的影响也是比较明显的。但是我要告诉你，我们不会因为疫情的影响改变我们完成任务的决心和信心。我们要保持目标不变，加大工作力度。

Yes, you are right. When General Secretary Xi Jinping convened the meeting, we had 300 days left. Now we have only 294 days left. We are by no means saying that our poverty relief work will suddenly stop at a certain date, but there must be a "milestone" day. So, time is running out, indeed. The impact of the epidemic on poverty relief has been undeniable. But I would like to tell you that our confidence and resolution to fulfill the task will not alter due to the epidemic. We will stick to our goals and step up efforts.　　

疫情对脱贫攻坚的影响还是比较多的，主要是由于疫情防控的需要，人流、物流受到了影响。一是打工受影响。现在许多贫困家庭靠的是打工，打工受到了影响，但是这个状况在改变。去年贫困人口跨乡打工的是2729万人，到3月6日，已经出去了1420万人，占去年实际打工人数的52%，比往年略低一些。但是疫情好转、政府采取了一些措施之后，出去打工的速度在加快，2月28日到3月6日这一周时间里，打工的人数增加了300万。我们预计还将提速。二是扶贫产品的销售、春节期间的旅游也受到了影响。虽然春天不是农产品收获的主要季节，但是一些时令农产品，像云南的花卉就损失几十个亿的销售。但是我们现在也在开始逐步采取行动，化解这方面影响。三是扶贫项目开工受到影响。许多扶贫项目关系到老百姓的行路、生产、饮水，这些都是在村组里面实施的。

The impacts of the epidemic are multifaceted. A major impact is the effect on the flow of people and goods due to the need for epidemic prevention and control. First, people's pursuit of work has been affected. A lot of impoverished households rely on finding employment outside their hometowns. Their pursuit of work has been affected, but the situation is changing for the better. Last year, 27.29 million poor people worked outside their hometowns. Until March 6, 2020, 14.2 million people had migrated outside their hometowns for work, accounting for 52% of the total number for last year. The number is slightly lower than in previous years. However, as our country turns a corner in epidemic control and the government has adopted a series of measures, the pace with which people are migrating outside their hometowns for work has accelerated. Between Feb. 28 and March 6, the number of migrant workers increased by three million. The pace is expected to continue to accelerate. Second, the sale of poverty relief goods has been affected, as well as tourism during the Spring Festival holiday. Although the spring is not a harvest season for most agricultural produce, the sale of some agricultural products in season has been affected. For example, the sale of Yunnan flowers has seen billions of yuan in losses, but we are gradually taking measures to cushion the impact. Third, the operation of poverty relief projects has been affected. Many projects that concern transportation，production, and drinking water need to be carried out at the village level.

到3月6日，1/3的扶贫项目已经开工，现在这项工作速度也在加快。我刚才讲，疫情有影响，影响还不小，但是我们采取措施以后，降低了一些影响。有的是把损失的时间夺回来，像产业，东方不亮西方亮，搞一些短平快的项目。再加上以前我们主要任务已经基本完成，我们对巩固住成果、如期完成任务还是有信心的。谢谢。

Until March 6, one-third of the projects had started. This work is also gaining momentum. As I said just now, the epidemic has affected our work in not a small way. But the impact has been lowered due to our measures. Some are trying to make up for the lost time. As the saying goes, when one door closes, another opens. Some short-term projects that are quick to yield profits have been launched. As we have finished the main work during the past years, we are confident about consolidating existing achievements and fulfilling the tasks on schedule. Thanks.

日本共同社记者:

Kyodo News:

我想确认一下，脱贫现行的标准内容是什么？  比如年收入是多少，这些标准今年会不会有调整？谢谢。

What are the current standards for poverty alleviation? For example, what is the standard for annual income? And, will those standards be adjusted this year? Thank you. 

刘永富:

Liu Yongfu:

中国的脱贫标准是一个综合性的标准，用老百姓的话说就是“一二三”。“一”就是一个收入，国家的收入标准是2010年的不变价农民人均年收入2300元，按照物价等指数，到去年底现价是3218元，我们计划到今年是4000元左右。这是从收入上讲的。但是我要给你介绍一点情况，根据我们建档立卡的信息，已经脱贫人口的收入人均都在9000元以上，剩余贫困人口人均收入在6000元以上。收入是个基本标准，但不是唯一标准，我们还有“两不愁、三保障”。

The standards that China is using in poverty alleviation are quite comprehensive and cover three main aspects. First is income. The national poverty line is set at the per capita annual income of 2,300 yuan ($328) at constant price of 2011. According to the price index and other considerations, the actual poverty line reached 3,218 yuan by the end of 2019, and we plan to raise it to around 4,000 yuan this year. However, I would like to share some additional information with you. According to registration data, the per capita annual income of those who have been lifted out of poverty reaches over 9,000 yuan, and that of those still in poverty is more than 6,000 yuan. Income serves as a fundamental standard, but not the only one, as we still have the standards of "two no-worries" and "three guarantees."　　

“二”就是不愁吃、不愁穿，目前也做到了。“三”就是“三保障”。一是义务教育有保障，现在义务教育阶段失学辍学的孩子有，但很少。二是基本医疗有保障，我们通过县医院的建设，乡镇卫生院、村卫生室的建设，现在所有的村都有了卫生室和村医，能够保障贫困人口有地方看病、看得上病。另外，我们还有基本医疗保险、大病保险和医疗救助三项制度，医疗保险的社会保障网也建起来了，所以解决看病难的问题，基本的医疗保障是能够做到的。三是住房安全有保障，我们这几年解决了800多万贫困户的住房安全问题，现在还有一些正在解决中。还有就是饮水安全，现在我们对“三保障”和安全饮水工作是按月调度，全国大概还有15万人没有解决。当然，这个数字是动态的，比如饮水的问题，有的时候季节性缺水、工程性缺水，但是我们会做到及时发现问题及时解决。小孩子失学辍学也是动态的，由于外出打工，由于上学不便，特别是有一些厌学的孩子，要反复做工作。现在我们的扶贫标准就是：一个收入、两个不愁、三个保障，是一个综合性的标准。

Second is "two no-worries." This refers to ensuring that those who used to live in poverty no longer have to worry about food or clothing. We have succeeded in this case. Third is "three guarantees." This refers to the goal of guaranteeing compulsory education, basic medical services and housing security. Some children at the compulsory education stage have dropped out of school, but the number is very small. Regarding basic medical services, we have built a large number of hospitals, health centers and clinics in counties, townships and villages, so as to ensure that all villages have clinics and rural doctors and that impoverished people have access to medical services. We have also established a basic health insurance system, serious disease insurance system and medical assistance system. Moreover, the social security network for medical insurance has also been established. Consequently, we can provide convenient medical services and ensure access to basic health care for impoverished people. In terms of housing security, we have provided safe housing for over eight million poverty-stricken households over the past few years, and we are working hard to provide more. Moreover, ensuring access to safe drinking water is also a priority. According to our monthly statistics, there are approximately 150,000 people nationwide who do not have access to compulsory education, basic medical services, housing security or safe drinking water. Of course, the number may vary from time to time due to different conditions. For example, different seasons or construction of projects can all lead to shortage of drinking water. However, we will ensure that these problems can be spotted and fixed in a timely way. Moreover, the number of children who drop out of school also varies frequently due to multiple uncertainties, such as parents going to other places for work, their difficulties in getting to school or their reluctance to go to school, which in particular, requires our repeated persuasions. In conclusion, the standards of "one income," "two no-worries" and "three guarantees" are our comprehensive standards for poverty alleviation.  　　

今年虽然受到了疫情的影响，我们这个基本的标准不会变，不会降低，也不会拔高，要坚持这个标准不动摇。谢谢。

Despite the impact of the epidemic this year, our basic standards for poverty alleviation will remain unchanged. We will not lower or raise them and will adhere to the standards unswervingly. Thank you.

封面新闻记者:

Thecover.cn:

脱贫攻坚以来，我国已经实现了9000多万贫困人口的脱贫。如此大规模的减贫，怎样巩固成果、有效防止返贫？谢谢。

Since China first began its fight against poverty, the country has lifted more than 90 million people out of this condition. In this massive poverty alleviation campaign, how will you consolidate progress and effectively prevent people from slipping back into impoverishment? Thank you. 

刘永富:

Liu Yongfu:

刚才我介绍了，剩下的贫困人口只有几百万了，但是脱贫的人口9300多万，怎么保持脱贫成果持续稳定，这是当前脱贫攻坚工作的一个重要任务，这项工作我们一直坚持在做。这几年返贫人口在逐年减少，返贫人口从2016年的60多万减少到2017年的20多万，再减少到2018年的几万人，2019年只有几千人，脱贫的质量越来越高。但即使这样，我们仍然不能放松，要把这个问题作为当前工作的重点。防止返贫，最根本的要抓好三点：

Currently, only a few million people are living under the poverty line in China. However, it is important to maintain poverty alleviation efforts to ensure that the population of over 93 million people who have left this situation does not slip back into poverty. For years, we have been committed to the task. As a result, the number of people who have returned to impoverished conditions fell year by year, down from over 600,000 in 2016 to 200,000 in 2017, tens of thousands in 2018, then further dropped to the most current figure in 2019 of only several thousands. Although the quality of poverty reduction work has improved, we should strive to surpass our original goals and concentrate our efforts in three areas:　　

一是要搞产业。产业发展有个过程，我们要坚持不懈抓下去。

First, we should continue to pursue industrial development. Developing industries take steadfast dedication and strong effort.　　

二是要保证农民工能够出去打工，增加收入。农民尤其是贫困人口出去打工，是减贫见效最快的一个手段，我们要提供各方面帮助，让他们出去打工，获得稳定的收入。

Second, we should ensure that migrant workers can work in cities to increase their income. This will produce the fastest results to relieve impoverished farmers. So we should support them in every way to work in cities and have a steady income. 　　

三是抓好易地扶贫搬迁后续扶持。我们搬迁了近1000万的建档立卡贫困人口，还有近500万同步搬迁非贫困人口。要把做好这批人产业发展和就业扶持作为工作重点。

Third, we should provide further support for those relocated from inhospitable areas. Nearly 10 million registered impoverished, and 5 million non-impoverished people were relocated from poverty-stricken areas. We should concentrate our efforts on supporting them to develop industries and find jobs.　

另外，我们已经制定了关于建立防止返贫监测和帮扶机制的指导意见，即将印发。对已经脱贫的人口，要把存在返贫风险的人找出来，把边缘户中可能致贫的人找出来，事前对他进行帮助，不要等返贫了和发生了新的贫困再去帮助他。谢谢。

What's more, a guideline on establishing supervision and support mechanisms for people to stay out of poverty has been formulated and will be published very soon. People with a risk of falling back into impoverishment should be identified, and people living on the poverty line should also be identified. We should identify them in advance and offer them the necessary help and support before they sink or slip back into poverty. Thank you.

中央广播电视总台农业农村频道记者:

China Media Group:

我想问一下，新冠肺炎疫情期间，停止一切野生动物的交易对于疫情的防控起到了一定的作用。但是我们也知道，之前在很多贫困地区他们的特色养殖是作为当地的特色支柱产业来发展的，对他们的经济收入也有一定的帮助。但是现在政策出台对他们的冲击还是比较大，后续会不会有针对这方面的养殖户的政策疏导和缓冲，这样的情况对脱贫的进程和成效会有怎样的影响？谢谢。　　

During the COVID-19 epidemic, banning wildlife trade has been part of certain efforts to meet the requirements of the epidemic prevention and control work. However, as we known, specific types of animal farming have been developed as the local special pillar industry in many poverty-stricken areas, contributing needed income locally. The policies established will have huge impact on these areas, so are there any programs to ease the impact for farmers and these areas? And what impact will this bring to the progress and achievements in poverty alleviation?

刘永富:

Liu Yongfu:

对野生动物限养、禁养，特别是滥食，以前有法律的规定，最近全国人大常委会又作出了决定，确实有你刚才讲的这种情况。在农村，有的把野生动物养殖、销售作为特色产业来发展，这种情况是有的，但也不是像你说的是支柱产业，没有达到这个水平，但是它确实是作为特色产业来培养，有些村投资几十万、上百万，但这个养殖都没有规模化，具体的数字确实没有统计。

Regulations and laws were established before on wildlife farming limitations and bans, and there is regulation particularly dealing with eating wild animals. Recently, decisions were made by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on banning consumption of wild animals. As you mentioned, in certain rural areas, they do undertake wildlife farming and trading businesses developed as local special industries. However, the size is limited, so they are not "pillar industries" of those areas. Those areas with an intention to develop the wildlife businesses as the special industry have indeed invested hundreds of thousands of yuan or even millions of yuan in the businesses. However, none have assumed the status of a large-scale industry. Accurate data on this has not showed up in the statistics.　

《决定》生效后，有关部门正在制定详细的目录，明确哪些不能养，哪些可以养。不管是什么情况，我们最后一定要做到保证《决定》的贯彻落实，法律的贯彻落实，要转变陈规陋习。对这些该关的关，该停的停，该转的转，造成损失的，我们通过多种形式给予帮助、转产，搞一些替代的产业，可以做的一些产业。总的来讲，不会对脱贫攻坚产生太大的影响，特别是不会对完成任务产生大的影响，这个请大家放心。谢谢。

After the decisions went into effect, relevant departments have been developing detailed catalogues that will list what animals can be raised and which cannot. No matter what the current situation is, we will ensure that the decisions are carried out, the laws are put into effect and outmoded customs are abolished eventually. For those businesses that have continued to adopt wildlife farming, we will close down them or help them change into other business lines. For their losses in this regard, we will provide multiple forms of assistance, which will include finding them alternative products or help them switch into other production lines. In general, it will not have much impact on the poverty alleviation work, and it will not have any major impact on completing our tasks in particular. You can rest assured on that. Thank you.

香港中评社记者:

CRNTT:

目前还有52个贫困县没有摘帽，500万贫困人口没有脱贫。距离打赢脱贫攻坚战只剩下不到十个月的时间了，请问如何确保完成剩余的脱贫攻坚任务？谢谢。　

At present, there are still 52 poverty-stricken counties and 5 million people who have not been lifted out of poverty. With less than 10 months to go before winning the battle against poverty, how can we ensure that these remaining people will get out of poverty? Thank you.

刘永富:

Liu Yongfu:

剩余的52个贫困县、2707个贫困村和551万贫困人口没有脱贫，这是我们今年要完成的任务。我们的整个工作部署是依次推进的，一开始打赢脱贫攻坚战，我们面上都在抓，后来暴露了深度贫困地区难度比较大，2017年6月23日，习近平总书记在山西太原召开深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚座谈会，确定了“三区三州”作为我们工作的重点。“三区三州”外又确定了169个深度贫困县作为工作的重点，各方面加大了支持力度，加大了工作力度，到去年年底还剩52个贫困县、2707个贫困村和551万人没有脱贫。习近平总书记提出，对这52个县和2707个村中任务比较重的1113个村实施挂牌督战，实际上是深度贫困地区的再深度，一层一层逐步推进。国家挂牌督战，要求所涉及到的7个省要制定实施方案，挂牌督战的县、村都要制定作战方案，要完成脱贫攻坚任务。

52 counties, 2,707 villages and 5.51 million people have not been lifted out of poverty, but it is our task to accomplish by the end of this year. At the beginning of our fight against poverty, we advanced our work as a whole. Later, we found that it's more difficult in those deeply impoverished areas. On June 23, 2017, General Secretary Xi Jinping presided over a symposium on poverty alleviation in deeply impoverished areas held in Taiyuan of Shanxi province, which determined the "three regions" (Tibet, the four prefectures of Hotan, Aksu, Kashgar, and Kizilsu in southern Xinjiang, and the ethnic Tibetan areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai) and the "three prefectures" (Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan, and Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu) as the focus of our work. Besides the "three regions and three prefectures," 169 crucial poverty-stricken counties have been designated as the focus of our work. We have increased support and intensified our work in those areas. By the end of last year, 52 poverty-stricken counties, 2,707 poverty-stricken villages and 5.51 million people were still living in poverty. General Secretary Xi Jinping has required that 1,113 villages, out of the 2,707 villages in these 52 counties, should be put under supervision, which is actually a step forward in deepening our poverty relief work. The seven provincial-level regions involved are required to formulate implementation plans, and all counties and villages are required to formulate specific plans so as to accomplish the task of poverty alleviation.　　

比如“三区三州”在2013年是532万贫困人口，在山西太原座谈会后，我们制定了深度贫困地区的脱贫攻坚实施方案，是2018-2020年三年规划，现在执行两年了，到去年底规划的项目已经完成了85%，资金到位95%，接近完成。2013年建档立卡时贫困人口是532万人、贫困发生率是25.5%，到2017年底制定这个方案的时候是305万人，两年下来现在还剩43万人，贫困发生率降到了2%。深度贫困地区下降的速度是快于西部地区的，2013年到2017年贫困发生率下降了11个点，2018、2019两年下降了12.6个点，速度在加快。所以我们坚信越来越聚焦的这52个县、1100多个村，按照这种抓法，加大支持力度，加大工作力度，能够在今年年底脱贫摘帽。谢谢。

For example, the "three regions and three prefectures" recorded 5.32 million poor people in 2013. After the Taiyuan Symposium, we formulated an implementation plan for poverty alleviation in deeply impoverished areas. It was a three-year plan to be conducted from 2018 until 2020. By the end of last year, 85% of the task had been completed, and 95% of the funds were in place, which was close to completion. In 2013, the number of poor people was 5.32 million, and the incidence of poverty was 25.5%. By the end of 2017, when the plan was formulated, this number had been brought down to 3.05 million. After two years, there are still 430,000 people living in poverty, and the incidence of poverty has dropped to 2%. The rate of decline in deeply impoverished areas is faster than that in western China. From 2013 to 2017, the incidence of poverty fell by 11 percentage points, and by 12.6 percentage points in the following two years. The speed is accelerating. Therefore, we firmly believe that these 52 counties and more than 1,100 villages, with more support and work following this method, will be able to get rid of poverty by the end of this year. Thank you.

凤凰卫视记者:

Phoenix TV:

两个问题，第一个问题，这次疫情的影响是比较大的，请问导致新的贫困出现有没有做一个统计和关注？第二个问题，包括广西的一些地方出现设置一些临时的岗位让贫困户就业，这样一个短期输血性质的做法是否提倡，未来这种性质的岗位该如何去看待？谢谢。　　

I have two questions. First, the impact of this epidemic has been relatively large. Do you have any statistics on, or have you been focusing on new poor families created by the epidemic? Second, some places such as Guangxi province have established temporary jobs for the poverty-stricken families. Should such a short-term "blood-transfusion-style" practice be advocated? How do you view jobs of this nature in the future? Thank you.

刘永富:

Liu Yongfu:

脱贫攻坚以来，我们每年都进行贫困监测，有统计，刚才我已经通报了，返贫是逐年下降的。对有返贫风险和致贫风险的人口，我们也有统计，有返贫风险的是200万人左右，有致贫风险的是300万人左右，一共500万人左右，再加上2019年底剩余的500万贫困人口，实际上今年的任务是1000万人左右。刚才你讲到一些地方设置了临时公益岗位，这在全国也是普遍的，在攻坚期内设置一些公益岗位，把政府投资的一些民生项目，以以工代赈形式，设置一些公益岗位让贫困群众去做，让他们干活获得收益。这是各地成功的做法，这个做法我们还要坚持，但要逐步完善公益岗位设置。确实有公益事业的需要才能去设公益岗位，设了公益岗位必须要有公益活动，贫困群众要去干活。有些地方把公益岗位变成了一种福利，这不行。所以要逐步规范。

Since the poverty alleviation campaign began, we have been conducting monitoring every year. Statistics are available. Just now I reported that the number of people falling back to poverty has been decreasing year-on-year. We also have statistics for those at risk of falling back to poverty or at risk of falling into poverty. Around two million people are at risk of falling back to poverty, and about three million are at risk of falling into poverty. That means a total of about five million people, plus the remaining five million impoverished people at the end of 2019. So, our task involves lifting 10 million people out of poverty this year. You just mentioned that some places have set up temporary public welfare jobs, which is also common across the country. During the poverty alleviation campaign, some public welfare posts can be set up. Government-invested projects concerning people's livelihoods can provide public welfare jobs for the poor. This approach helps them by giving them work, as they will have an income. This has been a successful approach in many areas and we will continue adhering to this approach. However, we must also gradually improve the setting of public welfare posts. Public welfare posts should only be set up when there is a need for public welfare undertakings. The posts requires holding public welfare activities, and impoverished people should go to work. In some places, the public welfare posts have turned into a kind of welfare. That is not right. So, we must gradually regulate this.　　

除中国之外，我还没有发现这么大规模的光伏扶贫电站。在脱贫攻坚的过程中，在全国贫困村建了几万个村级光伏电站，每个电站300KW左右，每年收入20多万，把这个收入作为村集体的收入。在开始时有的地方就是直接给贫困户发钱，现在我们让他“拐弯”，设置公益岗位，让贫困户、半劳力、弱劳力去干活，少则每个月五六百元，多则千八百元，去干公益的活儿，这样解决了公益事业的需要，比如护路、护老、保洁等公益活动。今年由于有疫情的影响，这方面还要加大力度，村级光伏电站的收益80%要用来设置公益岗位。所以你刚才讲的这个做法，我们是提倡的，但是要逐步规范，防止出现政策“养懒汉”的情况。谢谢。

Except for China, I do not know of large-scale photovoltaic power stations being established for poverty alleviation elsewhere. In the process of poverty alleviation, tens of thousands of village-level photovoltaic power stations have been built in impoverished villages across the country. Each power station of around 300KW can produce an annual income of more than 200,000 yuan. This income can be regarded as the collective income of a village. In the beginning, some places distributed money directly to poor households. Now we encourage them to set up public welfare posts that allow poor households, semi-able-bodied laborers and less advantaged laborers to work. Their income ranges from 500 to 600 yuan per month, up to 800 to 1,000 yuan per month. By engaging in public welfare services, they solve the needs of public welfare causes, such as road maintenance, care for the elderly and cleaning. Due to the impact of the epidemic this year, more efforts must be made in this regard. A total of 80% of the revenue from village-level photovoltaic power stations will be used to create public welfare posts. Therefore, we are advocating the approach you just mentioned, but we must gradually implement regulations to prevent supporting "lazy people." Thank you.

中国教育电视台记者:

China Education Television (CETV):

我们知道扶贫先扶智，教育是阻断贫困代际传递的重要途径，请问在打赢脱贫攻坚战最吃劲的时候，教育还应该发挥哪些作用？谢谢。　

It is generally recognized that, to alleviate poverty, we need first to develop education, a major approach identified as of great significance in avoiding impoverishment passing from one generation to another. My question is: what additional roles should education assume when the anti-poverty campaign is being challenged at this most critical moment?

刘永富:

Liu Yongfu:

通过教育扶贫，提高贫困群众的文化素养和技能实现减贫，是涉及长远的，是阻断贫困代际传递的根本措施，这是全球的共识。要把共识转化为符合中国国情、在实际工作中可以操作的具体做法。

Poverty alleviation can be achieved by means of education, which enables an underprivileged population to gain access to a sea of knowledge and professional competences, signaling a farsighted and fundamental policy adopted to ensure poverty is not transmitted to coming generations. That is a consensus reached around the globe. To make the consensus adaptable to China's actual situation, we have taken a number of specific measures as follows:　　

第一，确保九年义务教育的质量，确保义务教育阶段孩子都能上学，不断提高教学质量。这是脱贫的标准之一，必须要做到。

First, the quality of nine-year compulsory education should be definitely guaranteed. All children reaching the age covered by compulsory education should be admitted to schooling and the pedagogic quality should continue to be improved. This must-do item is among a number of criteria for evaluating success in the work of poverty alleviation.　　

第二，要积极发展职业教育、高等教育和学前教育。现在对没有考上高中的初中生、没有考上大学的高中生，通过给他们政策支持，就是每年可以给3000元以上的补助，让他去学职业技能，毕业以后做新型工人，解决城镇劳动力的需求。要作为当前的重点，也是管用的。高等教育我们也要发展，支持贫困地区发展高等教育，多招考一些大学生，国家向贫困地区每年安排十几万的专项招生名额。在2013年前有很多贫困村历史上就没有考上一个大学的，现在大多数村都有大学生了。再就是学前教育。为保证义务教育质量，我们为民族地区不会说普通话的孩子，在推进学前教育时，要用国家语言，要学会普通话。现在我们和教育部在四川凉山开展了学前学会普通话的试点，经过一年多的试点，取得了明显的成效，30万学前儿童（4-6岁的孩子），去年新入学的孩子和以前没有学过普通话的孩子相比学习成绩明显提升。

Second, the development of vocational training, higher education and preschool teaching must be stimulated. Policies are carried out for those who have failed in the entrance exams for senior middle schools or schools of higher education. Each of those students, who can receive an annual grant of at least 3,000 yuan (US$429.3), are enabled to continue their studies in professional training schools and graduate as professional technicians to fill the vacancies in urban and rural labor markets. This policy, which we have focused the most in recent years, has proved highly feasible. Meanwhile, we have encouraged institutes of higher education to target less developed regions by enlarging enrollment of local students, with hundreds of thousands of seats being made available each year. Before 2013, no student in many poor villages could be admitted to a university, but, now, that is no longer the case in a majority of the poverty-stricken areas. Meantime, pre-school education can serve as another example. To ensure the quality of compulsory education, the children, who do not speak standardized Chinese in some regions inhabited by ethnic groups, will study the language before entering primary school. By working with the Ministry of Education, we have launched a pilot program in Mt. Liangshan, Sichuan province, to teach local children, almost up to the age of normal schooling, to speak standardized Chinese. Notable progress has been made among roughly 300,000 local youngsters aged between four and six. Some of them who were admitted to schools last year have scored higher in tests. 　　

第三，要有思想的教育。文化的教育、技能的教育是必须的，思想的教育也是不可放松的，特别是思想观念，讲卫生、防病、人要勤奋、要奋斗、要吃苦，这些也是要进行教育的，对改变一些陈规陋习是有好处的。所以，教育扶贫是一件长远的事情，我们会始终抓住不放。谢谢。

Third, education to nourish the development of thought is indispensable. Although to teach people with literacy and skills is inevitable, to cultivate the thoughts, including, hygienic and disease prevention awareness as well as diligent, hardworking and frugal spirits, are also instrumental, say, to the change of deep-seated wrong habits. That is why we should always take education an approach to eradicate poverty in the long run. Thank you.

中国扶贫杂志社记者:

China Poverty Alleviation:

我们了解到，去年以来，国务院扶贫办在作风治理、工作专班的基础上设立了督察专员，请问去年取得了怎样的成效？今年在作风治理上，国务院扶贫办有哪些做法？谢谢。　

We have known that since last year, the State Council Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development has set up inspectors based on management style and special working groups. What effect did this have last year? In terms of management style, what measures has the State Council Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development taken? Thank you.

刘永富:

Liu Yongfu:

脱贫攻坚既是一项伟业，又是一项较真碰硬的工作，没有好的作风，没有过硬的能力是完不成任务的。作风建设是习近平总书记始终关注的一件事情，作风建设主要是围绕着抓落实来转变，围绕着解决问题来转变，围绕着减轻基层负担来转变。我们现在下去督察主要搞暗访，不让地方填表报数，也不听取汇报，包括整改问题，我们下去以后地方介绍情况可以提供一个文字材料看一看，但是我们要进到村里、入到户里，广泛听取群众的意见，我们不搞层层的填表报数，但实际上有的地方还是没有完全做到。

The work of poverty alleviation is not only a great cause, but also a serious and difficult endeavor. Without good management style and strong abilities, we cannot complete the task. General Secretary Xi Jinping has always paid attention to the promotion of ethical standards, which mainly revolves around implementation, problem-solving and reducing the burden on the grassroots. Now we are going to investigate the work undercover. We will not simply let local governments fill in forms, nor will we listen to reports, including rectification issues. Instead, we will listen to the introductions by local governments and read the written materials, but we will also visit the villages and households. We have listened widely to the opinions of the local people. We are not working on filling in forms and reporting the numbers, but in fact, we still have some work that has not yet been fully implemented.

这次新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，从正月初四就开始探索建立分析应对机制，我们虽然不能到现场去，但是我们确实能够把基层的部分情况了解上来，我认为这也是在疫情防控期间转变工作方式的一种做法，我们始终抓好作风建设。如果没有好的作风，不可能取得脱贫攻坚这样的成绩，我们会把它坚持做下去。谢谢。

Since the COVID-19 outbreak, we started exploring the establishment of a response mechanism from Jan. 28. Although we cannot go to the epidemic area, we can acquire the situation at the grassroots. I think this is also a change in the style of working. During the period of epidemic prevention and control, we have been paying attention to the construction of the management style. Without a good working style, it will not be possible to achieve the desired results in poverty alleviation, and we will have to continue the work. Thank you.

香港经济导报记者:

Hong Kong Economic Herald:

目前全国有的地区已经基本完成脱贫攻坚任务，个别扶贫干部认为可以松口气了。请问完成脱贫攻坚任务是否意味着扶贫工作可以结束了？谢谢。

Parts of the country have basically completed their poverty alleviation tasks, and some officials in charge of the work seem to think they can now somewhat relax with the job done. Does the accomplishment of a poverty alleviation task mean an end to the work of poverty alleviation? Thank you.

刘永富:

Liu Yongfu:

确实有这种倾向，因为脱贫的人口越来越多，摘帽的贫困县越来越多，有少数的一些基层的同志和一些扶贫干部，认为任务完成了就可以松一口气了，确实是有，但不是主流。习近平总书记2018年以来就指出了这个问题，不要松劲、不要懈怠，总书记多次强调“行百里者半九十”，反复强调这个问题。总体上讲，扶贫干部、基层干部这根弦绷得还是比较紧的。

There is indeed such a trend. As more and more people, and poor counties, are lifted out of poverty, a small number of grassroots cadres and officials in charge of the poverty alleviation work might have thought that accomplishing the task would bring a relief for them. This tendency is true, but is not the mainstream. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out this problem since 2018, saying we must not remit and slack off in our efforts. He has repeatedly stressed: "The last part of an endeavor is the hardest to finish." Generally speaking, grassroots cadres and those in charge of poverty alleviation locally have been keeping up their efforts.　

我可以告诉大家一个数字，全国今年选派的驻村工作队99%已经到位，驻村帮扶干部97%已经到岗，在疫情这么严重的情况下都到了村，到了岗位，到岗后主要做两件事情：一是搞疫情防控，二是搞脱贫攻坚工作。所以，松口气的现象是有的，但不是主流。我们还是要按照总书记的要求，始终绷紧弦、加把劲。

Here are some data I'd like to share with you. A total of 99% of the working teams dispatched to various villages across the country are in place this year, and 97% of the cadres sent to villages have continued in their work despite the severe epidemic situation. They have mainly undertaken two assignments in the present situation. First, epidemic prevention and control; second, poverty alleviation. There is some relaxation perhaps, but is not the mainstream. We must always keep up our efforts and work harder just as required by General Secretary Xi.

你的第二个问题，脱贫攻坚这是一个特定的含义，脱贫攻坚要解决的任务就是消除中国几千年以来没有解决的绝对贫困问题，吃不饱、穿不暖，基本生存的问题，发展的环境条件太恶劣的问题，这是历史性的。但不是说绝对贫困消除了，中国就没有贫困了，完成这个任务以后，中国的扶贫工作将由解决绝对贫困转向缓解相对贫困，下一步我们还要解决发展差距的问题，防止产生两极分化，实现共同富裕。无非我们消除绝对贫困的做法和缓解相对贫困的做法会有差别，打攻坚战和我们常规下减贫会有区别而已，扶贫工作不会停止，不会结束，还会继续做下去。谢谢。

As for your second question, poverty alleviation has its own special meaning. Its task is to eradicate absolute poverty that has remained unresolved in China for thousands of years, such as the basic survival problems due to lack of food and clothing, and the harsh environmental conditions for development, which are of an historical nature. However, this is not to say that there will be no poverty in China when absolute poverty is eliminated. After accomplishing the poverty alleviation task, China will shift its focus from addressing the challenges of absolute poverty to alleviating relative poverty, and next, we will address the development gap to prevent growing income disparity and achieve common prosperity. Different measures may be taken to eradicate absolute poverty and alleviate relative poverty, and the tough battle against poverty may not be the same as our routine work to reduce poverty. However, there will be no end to poverty alleviation, and we will continue working on this. Thank you.

胡凯红:

Hu Kaihong:

时间关系，最后两个提问。

Due to the time limit, we can only take two more questions.

新华社记者:

Xinhua News Agency:

请问刘主任，正如您刚才介绍的，我们在疫情发生以来，对52个贫困县提出了很多的举措降低疫情的影响。在这些贫困县退出的标准、时间和具体的安排上，是否也做了相应的安排？第二个问题，随着脱贫攻坚进入决战决胜阶段，国家脱贫攻坚普查安排是怎样的？能否请您给我们做一些介绍。谢谢。　

Mr. Liu, you mentioned that many measures targeting the 52 poverty-stricken counties have been put forward since the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak to reduce its impact. Are there any plans on the standards, timetables and detailed arrangements regarding lifting them out of poverty? My second question is, as the fight against poverty has entered the final stage, what are the arrangements for a national census on poverty alleviation? Could you please explain a little? Thank you.

刘永富:

Liu Yongfu:

退出的标准不会变，“一收入、两不愁、三保障”，时间安排总体上也不会变。有的地方，像凉山、怒江，可能易地搬迁会推迟一两个月，少数地方时间上会有一些变化，但是在今年必须把这个问题解决掉，个别地方可能会稍微晚一点，但是各地在安排工作计划的时候都是留有余地的。为了检验脱贫攻坚成果的真实性、准确性，国家决定要在今年开展脱贫攻坚的普查，这项工作已经开始部署，在今年下半年和明年年初完成这项工作。谢谢。

The standards for eliminating poverty won't change. They are income, a guarantee that poor people do not need to worry about food or clothing, and that they have access to compulsory education, basic medical services and safe housing. The timings generally will not change, either. Some places like Liangshan and Nujiang may postpone the relocation of poor people for one or two months. So, some places may make a few adjustments, but the issue must be resolved this year. Some places may complete the task a little late, but all the plans were made allowing for unknown circumstances. So as to ensure the accuracy of the achievements in poverty alleviation, a nationwide census will be conducted this year. The related deployment has been made and it is expected to be completed in the second half of this year or at the beginning of next year. Thank you.

香港紫荆杂志社记者:

Bauhinia Magazine: 

一直以来，香港许多民间机构和企业家积极投身内地的慈善和扶贫事业，请问刘主任，您如何评价香港对内地扶贫事业的贡献？谢谢。

Many entrepreneurs and non-governmental institutions in Hong Kong have been actively engaged in charity and poverty alleviation on the Chinese mainland. Mr. Liu, how do you evaluate Hong Kong's contribution to poverty alleviation on the mainland? Thank you. 

刘永富:

Liu Yongfu:

正像你说的，香港和内地的联系一直都很紧密，而且越来越紧密。在内地发展慈善事业和扶贫工作中，无论是香港特区政府还是香港社会组织、企业家和民众，都做了很多的工作，应该说发挥了很好的作用。在政府方面，脱贫攻坚战以后，香港特区政府帮扶了四川的南江县，南江县在2013年时有七、八万贫困人口，在2018年摘了帽，2019年贫困人口全部脱贫，这其中也包括了香港特区政府和香港社会各界所做的贡献。社会组织和香港的民众也是做了很多工作的，香港有一个小母牛项目，在内地已经做了快20年了，把基础母牛送给贫困户饲养，让贫困户学养牛的技术，母牛下了牛犊之后，这个基础母牛再换一家。这项工作在中国的六个省前前后后惠及了大概2万个农户，其中很多是贫困户。内地每一次重大的自然灾害，包括这次的新冠肺炎疫情，香港的社会组织、企业家和民众都伸出了援助之手，给予了很多的帮助，我们非常感谢，是不会忘记的。谢谢。

As you just mentioned, Hong Kong's ties with the mainland have always been close and are getting closer. The SAR government, social organizations, entrepreneurs and people of Hong Kong have done a lot of work and played an effective role in the development of charity and poverty alleviation on the mainland. In particular, the SAR government has provided assistance to Nanjiang county in Sichuan province. In 2013, the county was home to 70,000 to 80,000 impoverished people. It was removed from the poverty list in 2018 and all impoverished people there were lifted out of poverty in 2019. The area has benefited from contributions by the SAR government and people from all walks of life in Hong Kong. Social organizations and the Hong Kong people have also done a lot of work. The "Heifer Project," which has operated on the mainland for almost 20 years, provides impoverished households with a heifer cow, allowing farmers to learn the skills necessary to raise cattle. The cow is then transferred to another household after it produces calves. This project has benefited around 20,000 households in six provinces across China, many of them poor families. Social organizations, entrepreneurs and the people of Hong Kong have also helped a lot in every major natural disaster on the mainland, including the COVID-19 outbreak. We are very grateful and will not forget it. Thank you.  

胡凯红:

Hu Kaihong:

发布会到此结束，谢谢刘主任，谢谢各位。

That concludes today's press conference. Thank you, Mr. Liu. Thank you all.