国务院新闻办新闻局局长、新闻发言人陈文俊:

Chen Wenjun:

女士们，先生们，上午好。值此西藏和平解放70周年之际，我们今天邀请到西藏自治区党委书记吴英杰先生，自治区主席齐扎拉先生，出席国务院新闻办新闻发布会，介绍西藏经济社会发展情况，并回答各位关心的问题。

Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of Tibet's peaceful liberation, we have invited Mr. Wu Yingjie, secretary of the Tibet Autonomous Regional Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), and Mr. Qizhala, deputy secretary of the CPC Tibet Autonomous Regional Committee and chairman of the Tibet autonomous region to today's press conference. They will brief you about the economic and social development of the autonomous region and answer your questions.

下面，先请吴书记作介绍。

Next, I will give the floor to Mr. Wu.

西藏自治区党委书记吴英杰:

Wu Yingjie:

感谢主持人。各位新闻界的朋友，女士们，先生们，上午好。很高兴同大家见面，感谢大家长期以来对西藏的关注和支持，感谢大家放弃了今天的周末休息。

Thank you, Mr. Chen. Friends from the media, ladies and gentlemen, good morning. It's a great pleasure to meet you. Thank you for your long-term interest in and support for Tibet. Also, thank you for attending this press conference on the weekend.

党中央历来高度重视西藏工作、亲切关怀西藏各族人民。70年来，我们党和平解放了西藏、进行民主改革、建立社会主义制度、推进改革开放、贯彻党的民族政策和宗教政策，为西藏发展进步先后召开7次西藏工作座谈会，制定一系列重大方针政策，出台一系列重大举措，中央政府累计投入1.63万亿元，近几年援藏省市总计投入了693亿元，其中投资了5900多亿元建成了川藏公路、青藏铁路、贡嘎机场、藏木水电站等一大批重大工程项目，有力推动了西藏经济社会发展，创造了短短几十年跨越上千年的人间奇迹，使西藏“换了人间”。党的十八大以来，习近平总书记亲自为西藏工作把舵定向、谋篇布局，多次发表重要讲话、作出重要指示，两次召开中央西藏工作座谈会，提出新时代党的治藏方略，量身定制行动纲领、战略擘画宏伟蓝图，支持西藏解决了许多长期想解决而没有解决的难题，办成了许多过去想办而没有办成的大事，推动西藏各项事业取得全方位进步、历史性成就。

The CPC Central Committee has always attached great importance to the development of Tibet and shown great care for the people of all ethnic groups in the region. In the past 70 years, the CPC peacefully liberated Tibet, carried out democratic reform, established the socialist system, pressed ahead with reform and opening-up, and implemented the Party's policies on ethnic and religious affairs. The CPC Central Committee has held seven central symposiums on Tibet work, formulating and adopting a series of major principles, policies and measures. The central government has set aside a total of 1.63 trillion yuan, and partner provinces and municipalities have provided 69.3 billion yuan to Tibet in recent years to support the region's development. Among this, more than 590 billion yuan was channeled into the construction of major projects including the Sichuan-Tibet Highway, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Gongkar Airport in Lhasa, and the Zam Hydropower Station. These efforts have propelled Tibet's economic and social development, created miracles of progress, and profoundly transformed the region. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, General Secretary Xi Jinping has set the direction and made overall plans for the development of Tibet. He delivered related speeches and gave important instructions on various occasions, presided over two central symposiums on Tibet work, proposed guidelines for governing Tibet in the new era, made dedicated action plans and drew up an overall strategic blueprint. With General Secretary Xi's support, Tibet has resolved many long-standing hard problems, achieved many notable successes that were unimaginable in the past, and made all-round progress in all endeavors.

这70年，是社会主义民主政治扎实推进的70年。西藏永远摆脱了帝国主义的侵略和羁绊，彻底废除了政教合一的封建农奴制，百万农奴当家作了主人，社会制度实现了历史性跨越。进入新时代，我们积极发展社会主义民主政治，推进全面依法治藏，巩固发展爱国统一战线，全国人大代表、政协委员中，西藏代表75%和委员90%以上都是藏族和其他少数民族，近5年制定地方性法规44件，各族群众依法享有广泛的民主权利、依法参与国家和社会事务管理，发自内心地爱戴习近平总书记、拥护党中央。

The past 70 years has witnessed solid progress in enhancing socialist democracy. The people of Tibet broke free from the fetters of invading imperialism for good, abolished Tibet's feudal theocratic serfdom, and liberated millions of serfs, bringing historic changes to Tibetan society. In the new era, we have been actively developing socialist democracy, promoting comprehensive law-based governance of Tibet, and consolidating and developing the patriotic united front. Among deputies to the National People's Congress and members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference from Tibet, more than 75% and 90%, respectively, are from Tibetan and other ethnic minority groups. We have formulated 44 local regulations in recent five years. People of all ethnic groups in Tibet enjoy extensive democratic rights, participate in the management of state and social affairs in accordance with the law, and love and support General Secretary Xi Jinping and the CPC Central Committee from the bottom of their heart.

这70年，是社会大局持续稳定向好的70年。我们坚持中央对达赖集团斗争的方针政策不动摇，深入开展反分裂斗争，持续揭批达赖集团的反动本质，有力维护了国家安全和社会稳定。进入新时代，我们牢固树立总体国家安全观，增强忧患意识，树牢底线思维，坚持以维护祖国统一、加强民族团结为着眼点和着力点，以防患于未然为原则做工作，严厉打击各种分裂渗透破坏活动，全面提升依法治理能力和水平，各族群众从“要我稳定”向“我要稳定”转变，社会大局持续长期全面稳定，群众安全感满意度保持在99%以上。

The past 70 years has witnessed an increasingly stable social environment. We have firmly adhered to the central authorities' policies on the fight against the 14th Dalai Lama and his supporters, intensified the anti-separatism battle, and continued to expose the "reactionary nature" of the 14th Dalai group, vigorously safeguarding national security and social stability. In the new era, we have adopted a holistic approach to national security and increased our awareness of potential dangers. With focus on safeguarding national unity and promoting ethnic solidarity, we have taken preventive measures, cracked down on all kinds of separatist, infiltration and sabotage activities, and comprehensively enhanced our ability and the quality of law-based governance. The people of all ethnic groups in Tibet have become more active in maintaining stability. The social environment has maintained long-term stability on every front, with people's satisfaction regarding security above 99%.

这70年，是民族宗教工作创新推进的70年。我们全面贯彻党的民族政策和宗教政策，加强民族团结进步教育，依法管理宗教事务，平等团结互助和谐的社会主义民族关系日益巩固，群众的宗教信仰自由和正常的宗教活动依法受到保护。进入新时代，我们把铸牢中华民族共同体意识作为民族工作的主线，制定自治区民族团结进步模范区创建条例和规划，开展西藏地方和祖国关系史的宣传教育工程，大力促进各民族交往交流交融，各族群众“五个认同”不断增强，“三个离不开”思想融入血脉。坚持宗教中国化方向，着力在“导”上下功夫，旗帜鲜明消除十四世达赖利用宗教所产生的负面影响，引导信众理性对待宗教、淡化宗教消极影响，活佛转世管理政策法规深入人心，宗教领域治理得到信众的理解支持，越来越多的信众从“追求来世”向“过好今生”转变，宗教与社会主义社会日趋适应。

The past 70 years has witnessed new approaches being adopted for work related to ethnic and religious affairs. We have fully implemented the Party's policies on ethnic and religious affairs, heightened public awareness of ethnic unity and progress, and overseen religious affairs in accordance with the law. Socialist ethnic relations featuring equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony have been continuously enhanced. Freedom of religious belief and normal religious activities have been protected in accordance with the law. In the new era, we have taken "forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation" as our main task. We have formulated regulations and plans on building model areas for ethnic unity and progress, carried out a publicity and education campaign on the history of the relationship between Tibet and the rest of the motherland, and vigorously promoted communication and exchanges between different ethnic groups. The "five identities" (meaning that the people of all ethnic groups recognize the great motherland, the Chinese nation, Chinese culture, the CPC, and socialism with Chinese characteristics) have been strengthened among people of all ethnic groups and the notion that all ethnic groups in China, including the Han and minority groups, are interdependent has been fully adopted. We have been developing religions in the Chinese context and putting more emphasis on guidance. No tolerance is shown in eliminating the negative influence of the 14th Dalai Lama's use of religion. We have been guiding believers to take a rational attitude towards religions and diminish their negative influence. Policies and regulations on the management of the reincarnation of living Buddhas have become deeply rooted in people's hearts. Governance in the field of religion has gained understanding and support from believers. More and more believers are changing from "pursuing rebirth" to "living this life well." Religions are increasingly adapting themselves to the socialist society.

这70年，是经济社会快速健康发展的70年。地区生产总值由1951年的1.29亿元增加到2020年的1902.74亿元，按可比价计算增长了321.5倍。进入新时代，我们坚持把改善民生、凝聚人心作为经济社会发展的出发点和落脚点，立足新发展阶段、贯彻新发展理念、融入新发展格局，正确处理好“十三对关系”，经济发展从高速度向高质量转变。川藏铁路等重大项目加速推进，县乡村全部通公路，通车里程11.88万公里。开通国际国内航线140条，通航城市66个。建成青藏、川藏、藏中、阿里电力联网工程，主电网覆盖所有县城和主要乡镇，电力总装机容量达423万千瓦。建制村通光纤率、4G信号覆盖率均达到99%，边境小康村全部建成。大力发展特色优势产业，粮食总产量突破100万吨，牲畜由一季出栏变为四季出栏，旅游业蓬勃发展。

The past 70 years has witnessed rapid and sound economic and social development. Tibet's GDP surged from 129 million yuan in 1951 to 190.27 billion yuan in 2020, a 322.5-fold increase in comparable terms. In the new era, we have been focusing on improving people's lives and strengthening unity in socioeconomic development. Based on the new development stage, we have been following the new development philosophy, integrating into the new development paradigm, and properly handling the "13 relationships." The regional economy is transiting from high-speed growth to high-quality development. Efforts to construct major projects such as the Sichuan-Tibet Railway are picking up pace. All the counties, townships and villages have been connected to the road network, with the length totaling 118,800 km. Tibet now has 140 domestic and international air routes in operation, reaching 66 cities. The Qinghai-Tibet, Sichuan-Tibet and Ngari prefecture-central Tibet power grid interconnection projects have been completed, with the main power grid covering all counties and major townships, and the total installed power capacity reaching 4.23 million kilowatts. A total of 99% of administrative villages have access to 4G network and optical cable broadband. The construction of all well-off border villages has been completed. We are vigorously developing businesses that leverage local strengths. Our annual grain yield has exceeded 1 million metric tons. In the past, livestock was available for slaughter during a certain season, but now is available year-round. The tourism industry is booming.

这70年，是人民生活水平全面提高的70年。我们始终坚守人民立场，着力改善群众生活，去年农村居民人均可支配收入14598元，比1959年的35元增长了416倍。进入新时代，我们坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，一切工作都向民生领域聚焦发力，民生福祉从“有没有”向“好不好”转变，各族群众的获得感幸福感安全感不断提升。62.8万贫困人口全部脱贫，74个贫困县（区）全部摘帽。15年公费教育深入实施，去年义务教育巩固率达到95.03%，新增劳动力人均受教育年限提高到13.1年，高校毕业生就业率达到99%。覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系基本建立，基本养老保险参保覆盖面达95%以上。医疗人才“组团式”援藏深入开展，乡乡有卫生院、村村有卫生室，包虫病、大骨节病、先天性心脏病、白内障等地方性疾病得到历史性消除和防治，新冠肺炎疫情防控取得重大战略成果，人均预期寿命提高到71.1岁。公共文化事业不断发展，村有文艺演出队，乡镇有综合文化站，广播电视综合人口覆盖率均超过99%。

The past 70 years have witnessed an overall improvement in living standards of the people. We have always stood in the position of the people and made great efforts to improve their lives. The disposable income per capita of rural residents reached 14,598 yuan last year, an increase of more than 416 times than in 1959 when it was 35 yuan. In the new era, we have insisted on people-centered development, focusing our efforts on people's livelihoods. In the past, the question was if the people were living well, and now the question is if the people are living a better life. All ethnic groups have felt the growing sense of gain, happiness and security. All the 628,000 impoverished people and all the 74 poverty-stricken counties and districts have been lifted out of poverty. We have deepened the implementation of the 15-year publicly-funded compulsory education. Last year, the completion rate for compulsory education has reached 95.03%, and new entrants to the region's workforce have an average of 13.1 years of education. The employment rate of higher-education graduates reached 99%. We have built a social security system that covers both urban and rural residents. The coverage rate of old age insurance surpassed 95%. Groups of medical professionals made a lot of effort to aid Tibet. There are health centers in every township and clinics in every village. Endemic diseases, such as echinococcosis, Kashin-Beck disease, congenital heart disease, and cataracts, have been eradicated or brought under effective prevention and control. Major results have been gained in the prevention and control of the Covid-19 pandemic. The average life expectancy has risen to 71.1 years. Public cultural undertakings have seen continued development, villages/communities have organized art groups to offer performances and towns/townships have built comprehensive cultural centers. The coverage rates of radio and television have both surpassed 99%.

这70年，是生态文明建设成效显著的70年。我们始终把生态环境保护建设与经济社会发展同步规划，积极推进天然林保护、退耕还林、退牧还草等工程，生态建设和环境保护事业不断发展。进入新时代，我们牢固树立绿水青山、冰天雪地就是金山银山的理念，制定《西藏自治区国家生态文明高地建设条例》，加快实施西藏生态安全屏障保护与建设规划，统筹山水林田湖草沙系统治理，推进各类自然保护区建设，零审批、零引进“三高”企业和项目，停止新审批探矿和采矿权，大力开展国土绿化行动，生态建设从注重保护向主动作为转变，天更蓝、山更绿、水更清、环境更优美。全区有条件的1079个“无树村”和10.5万“无树户”全部消除，森林覆盖率达到12.31%，重点江河湖泊水质全部达到Ⅲ类以上标准，地级以上城市空气质量优良天数率达到99.4%，西藏成为世界上生态环境最好的地区之一。

Over the past 70 years, we have seen remarkable results in eco-environmental protection. When planning economic and social development, we have always planned for the protection and improvement of the ecology and environment at the same time. We proactively advanced projects regarding the protection of natural forests, reclaiming forests from farmlands, and reclaiming grasslands from grazing lands. The undertaking of environment protection continued to make progress and the ecology and environment kept on improving. In the new era, we cemented the belief that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, as are the scenic sights of ice and snow. We formulated the Regulations on Developing Ecological Highlands in the Tibet Autonomous Region and we expedited the implementation of plans to protect and improve the environmental safety barriers in Tibet. We coordinated the systematic treatment of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands and sand lands. We pushed for the construction of various nature reserves and gave no access to enterprises and projects with high pollution, high energy consumption and high water consumption. We stopped approving new prospecting rights and mining rights. Great efforts were made to plant new trees. In terms of eco-environment improvement, we used to focus on protection, but now our practices have become more proactive. The environment has been improved. The sky is bluer, mountains are greener, and waters are clearer. A total of 1,079 villages and 105,000 households have ended their history of being deforested. The forestation rate reached 12.31%. The water quality of key rivers and lakes reached Class III or above, and the rate of good air quality days in cities at prefecture level and above reached 99.4%. Tibet has become one of the places with the best ecological environments in the world.

这70年，是党的建设不断加强的70年。我们持续推进党的建设新的伟大工程，基层党组织由1952年的57个增加到2.19万个，党员从877名发展到41万余名、其中少数民族党员占81.36%，干部队伍由1791人壮大到20.47万人。进入新时代，我们贯彻落实党的建设总要求和组织路线，坚持“三个牢固树立”，学懂弄通做实习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，伟大思想走进了各族群众的心坎。严格执行新时期好干部标准和民族地区干部“三个特别”要求，全面加强各级领导班子、干部人才队伍建设，大力弘扬“老西藏精神”“两路”精神和孔繁森精神，各级党组织和广大党员干部成为带领各族群众应对风险考验、战胜困难挑战、全心全意为人民服务的坚强政治力量。深入开展党史学习教育，为群众办实事10万余件。以提升组织力为重点，突出政治功能，大力整顿软弱涣散基层党组织，实现村“两委”班子成员100%是党员，农牧区基层党组织成为听党话跟党走、善团结会发展、能致富保稳定、遇事不糊涂关键时刻起作用的反分裂斗争桥头堡、民族团结工作队、群众致富带头人，党在西藏的执政地位进一步夯实。深入推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争，营造了风清气正的政治生态。

Over the past 70 years, the Party has continued to reinforce itself. We continued to advance new great projects to strengthen the Party. The number of primary-level Party organizations increased from 57 in 1952 to 21,900. The number of Party members grew from 877 to more than 410,000, with ethnic minorities taking up 81.36% of the total. Meanwhile, the number of cadres rose from 1,791 to 204,700. In the new era, we implemented the general requirements and the organizing principles of reinforcing the Party. We have firmly established the socialist ideals and beliefs with Chinese characteristics and the ideas of life-long learning, and have continue to research further reforms and innovations. We thoroughly comprehended and implemented Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. The great thought has been engraved in the hearts of all ethnic groups. We strictly implemented the requirements for a good cadre in the new era and requirements for cadres working in regions inhabited by ethnic groups to be particularly sober-minded when dealing with major issues of principle, to safeguard ethnic solidarity with particularly firm actions, and to cherish cordial love for all ethnic groups. We comprehensively enhanced the leadership and cadres at all levels. We vigorously promoted the time-tested "Old Tibetan spirit," the "two roads" spirit that has been shaped in the construction and maintenance of the Sichuan-Tibet Road and Qinghai-Tibet Road, and the spirit of Kong Fansen, a model of the leading cadres who died on duty when working in Tibet. Party organizations and Party members and cadres at all levels have become a powerful political force that has led all ethnic groups to manage risks, conquered difficulties and challenges, and served the people with all their hearts. We have done more regarding the CPC history learning and education, and have done more than 100,000 practical things for the public. We made great efforts to consolidate the primary-level Party organizations which were weak and lax, prioritizing the improvement of organizations and emphasizing their political functions. The Party branch committees and the villagers' committees are now completely comprised of Party members. In agricultural and pastoral areas, the primary-level Party organizations have been acting as anti-separatism strongholds, striving to maintain ethnic unity, and leading the people to achieve prosperity. These primary-level Party organizations follow the Party's guidance and know how to maintain solidarity whiling boosting growth. They have gained the capability to bring prosperity while maintaining stability, and can function effectively and sensibly when facing critical events. The Party's governing status in Tibet has been further cemented. We have deepened the efforts to strengthen the working style of the Party, build a clean and honest administration, and fight against corruption. We have created a sound and healthy political ecosystem.

70年栉风沐雨，70年春华秋实。西藏和平解放以来的成功实践和辉煌成就，充分彰显了中国共产党的英明伟大，彰显了中国特色社会主义制度的无比优越，彰显了民族区域自治制度的强大生命力，彰显了党的治藏方略的实践伟力，西藏各族干部群众切身感受到了党中央的关怀厚爱，感受到了祖国大家庭的无比温暖，感受到了中华民族一家亲的深情厚谊。实践充分证明，没有共产党就没有新中国，更没有社会主义新西藏。只有毫不动摇地坚持中国共产党的领导，坚持中国特色社会主义制度，坚持民族区域自治制度，西藏才有繁荣进步的今天和更加美好的明天。

Over the past 70 years, we have gotten through difficulties and gained fruitful results. Since the peaceful liberation of Tibet, we have attained many successes and glorious achievements, which fully display the brilliance and greatness of the CPC, and shows the unparalleled advantage of the socialism with Chinese characteristics, the strong vitality of the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the huge strength of the Party's guidelines for governing Tibet when practiced. The cadres and masses of all ethnic groups in Tibet have felt for themselves the care and love of the CPC Central Committee, the warmth of the motherland as a big family, and the profound feelings of friendship among the Chinese people. Previous practices have fully demonstrated that without the CPC, there would not be the People's Republic of China, let alone the new socialist Tibet. Tibet's prosperous present and even brighter future requires unswerving insistence on the leadership of the CPC, the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and the system of regional ethnic autonomy.

党的光辉照边疆，边疆人民心向党。我们一定更加紧密地团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围，坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻新时代党的治藏方略，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，团结一心、砥砺奋进，坚定不移抓好“四件大事”，全力以赴实现“四个确保”。按照中央第七次西藏工作座谈会的部署，为建设社会主义现代化国家，实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦增光添彩。

The glory of the Party shines across the border region. People who live there look up to the Party. We must unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core; insist on the Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the guidance; and fully implement the Party's guidelines for governing Tibet in the new era. We must better maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and stay in alignment with them. We must cement the confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics; and uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and uphold the Party Central Committee's authority and its centralized, unified leadership. We must stay unified and work hard to press ahead. We must resolutely push forward with the four major tasks: comprehensive rural revitalization; seizing the initiative on food security; enhancing the top design and advancing the rural revitalization strategy with more powerful measures and greater strength; and cementing the overall leadership of the Party towards efforts concerning agriculture, rural areas, and farmers. We must make all efforts to ensure national security and long-term peace and stability, the continued improvement of people's living standards, a sound eco-environment, and solidified border defense and border security. We will devote more efforts to building a modern socialist country and realizing the Chinese Dream for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, in accordance with the arrangements of the seventh Central Symposium on Tibet Work.

我先简单介绍这些情况。现在我和齐扎拉主席回答大家的提问。

This is all for now. Mr. Qizhala and I will answer your questions.

陈文俊:

Chen Wenjun:

谢谢吴书记，现在开始提问，提问前请先通报一下所在的新闻媒体。

Thank you, Mr. Wu. The floor is now open for questions. Please identify your news outlets before asking questions.

今日俄罗斯记者:

Russia Today:

西藏实施了哪些扶贫方案，能不能具体介绍一下。在过去10年中有多少西藏人脱离贫困线，目前西藏人均收入是多少？能不能介绍一下在不久的将来，计划在西藏启动哪些基础设施项目，西藏对包括外国投资在内的投资有什么吸引力？谢谢。

Could you elaborate a bit more on the poverty alleviation projects implemented in Tibet? How many Tibetan people have shaken off poverty over the past ten years? What is the per capita income in Tibet? Also, what infrastructure projects will soon be launched in the region? What are the region's strengths in attracting investment, including foreign investment? Thank you.

吴英杰:

Wu Yingjie:

谢谢。大家知道，西藏由于客观条件，是贫困面、贫困发生率都比较高的地区，所以在西藏脱贫是一件大事。习近平总书记和党中央特别关心西藏的脱贫，首先一条就是把西藏作为全国深度贫困地区唯一的一个集中连片的特困地区。由于习近平总书记的关心，党中央的关心，西藏就享受到了和其他地区不一样的优惠政策，包括资金、项目的支持。

Thank you. As we know, due to objective conditions, Tibet has a relatively large poor population and a higher poverty headcount ratio. Thus, poverty alleviation is of great importance in the region. General Secretary Xi Jinping and the CPC Central Committee have paid great attention to this issue in Tibet, identifying the region, in the first place, as the only provincial-level contiguous area of dire poverty amongst all areas of extreme poverty in China. Thanks to the care of General Secretary Xi Jinping and the support from the CPC Central Committee, Tibet has seen uniquely preferential policies, including financial support and projects.

第二，我们自治区按照党中央的要求，和内地有相同之处，也有不同之处。相同是五级书记都把脱贫攻坚作为重中之重放在手上，不同之处是我们在五级书记抓脱贫的基础上，还专门成立了各级的脱贫指挥部，有专人任指挥长，指挥部有专门的人，各个部门全力支持。

Second, in accordance with the requirements of the CPC Central Committee, we have carried out both similar and different poverty reduction work compared with other regions. Similar to other regions, our Party secretaries of five levels (provincial, municipal, county, township and village) have taken poverty reduction as the top priority. What's different is that based on such a five-level scheme, we also set up poverty reduction command centers at each level, where commanders lead their staff members to implement relevant work with the full support of various departments.

另外，我们按照中央要求，“两不愁三保障”，把资金向贫困人口倾斜，把项目向贫困人口倾斜。另外一块，我们还抓好援藏，把援藏资金80%-90%都向脱贫攻坚倾斜。主要是做好几个：一是产业支撑、政策激励、就业优先、援藏扶助、社保兜底。当然还有很多的工作，特别是脱贫一线的干部、党员们，在一线付出了巨大的努力。

In addition, based on the central government's requirements of assuring adequate food and clothing for those living in poverty and guaranteeing their access to compulsory education, medical care, and safe housing, we have provided more financial resources and projects to the poor as a matter of priority. In terms of other efforts, we also make full use of assistance projects in Tibet, applying 80 to 90% of their financial resources to reducing poverty.

We have been making efforts in the following aspects. First, we have strengthened the support of industries, introduced incentive policies, prioritized employment, provided support via assistance projects, and strengthened social security to better meet people's basic needs. Of course, there are many other efforts in this regard, and frontline officials and CPC members have all been dedicated to the course.

第二，我们全区有62.8万贫困人口全部脱贫。62.8万贫困人口中，其中26.6万群众完成的是易地扶贫搬迁，这是中央给予了特殊优惠政策，74个县全部摘帽。可以告诉大家的是，在国家非常严格的考核中，西藏从脱贫攻坚开始到现在都得到了中央综合评价好的评价，这个评价是优秀的评价，西藏这5年一直在优秀的行列。人均收入，去年农村居民人均可支配收入达到了14598元，比上年增长了12.7%，应该说连续18年保持两位数增长。近5年，增速基本都保持在13%以上，增速居全国前列。

Second, all the 628,000 poor people in the Tibet autonomous region have been lifted out of poverty. Of this total, 266,000 people have been relocated from inhospitable areas, which is due to the special favorable policies introduced by the central government. All 74 impoverished counties have shaken off poverty. We also want to share with you that Tibet has achieved excellent performance in the central government's rigorous evaluation for poverty alleviation. We have been one of the regions to receive excellent evaluation remarks over the past five years. In terms of per capita income, the per capita disposable income of rural residents in Tibet amounted to 14,598 yuan in 2020, up by 12.7% year-on-year, achieving a two-digit growth for 18 consecutive years. The growth rate has been basically kept above 13% for the past five years, ranking among the top in China.

第三，“十四五”期间，西藏将在党中央、全国人民支援下，继续按照中央要求，在推进新基建方面做一些项目。大家知道，为西藏发展，举世闻名的川藏铁路已经开工建设。另外，水资源的利用也进入了国家的重点研判。结合乡村振兴，农村基础设施改善方面的一些特色优势产业，对我们来说也作为一些基建的新项目正在推进。

Third, during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, with the assistance of the CPC Central Committee and all Chinese people, Tibet will work in accordance with the requirements of the central government to carry out projects concerning new infrastructure. As we know, the world-renowned Sichuan-Tibet Railway project has started construction in a bid to promote the development of Tibet. In addition, the region's utilization of water resources has become a national focus and is in the process of analysis. We are also working on new infrastructure projects to boost industries that leverage local strengths in terms of rural revitalization.

第四，刚刚讲到外资的问题，西藏从和平解放到现在一直享受着全国都没有享受的优惠政策，这里边有很多政策，这些政策同时对外商也是同样的生效。我们也欢迎外资到西藏来投资办企业。当然，西藏由于特殊的客观条件，吸引大量的外资投入，我们是有美好的愿望，但是现在看来，利用和内地相比还不够理想，还需要做一些其他条件的改善，以利于下一步更好的利用外资。现在我们使用外资大概达到4亿美元。谢谢。

Fourth, in terms of foreign investment, Tibet has been provided with uniquely preferential policies since its peaceful liberation. This includes many policies that apply to both domestic and foreign businesses. We welcome foreign investment to start businesses in Tibet. Of course, due to the special objective conditions in Tibet, although it is our great hope to attract foreign investment, the reality of our utilization of foreign capital is not good enough currently compared with other regions. We need to improve our conditions accordingly to better make use of foreign capital. Currently, utilization of foreign investment has reached about $400 million. Thank you.

日本经济新闻记者:

Nikkei:

关于西藏自治区的“十四五”规划，“十四五”期间，西藏自治区的总投资额是多少？“十四五”与“十三五”相比，会增加多少投资？投资的重点领域是哪些方面？谢谢。

My question is about the 14th Five-Year Plan of the Tibet autonomous region. What will the total investment be during this period? How many investments will be added compared to the 13th Five-Year Plan period? What are the key areas of investment? Thank you.

西藏自治区主席齐扎拉:

Qizhala:

非常高兴回答记者的提问。刚才吴英杰书记已经讲了，以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视西藏工作，亲切关怀西藏各族人民，总书记亲自谋划、亲自部署召开了中央第七次西藏工作座谈会，第七次西藏工作座谈会科学描绘了建设社会主义现代化新西藏的总蓝图和总纲领，为我们制定“十四五”规划、擘画2035年远景目标提供了根本遵循，实际上西藏的“十四五”规划在全国之前，为了七次会，我们提前谋划、提前准备。

I'm glad to answer your question. As Mr. Wu mentioned just now, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has attached great importance to the work concerning Tibet and care for people of all ethnic groups in Tibet. General Secretary Xi Jinping also personally planned and deployed the seventh Central Symposium on Tibet Work. The symposium drew up the blueprints for building a new modern socialist Tibet, providing the fundamental basis for us to formulate the 14th Five-Year Plan and set the long-range objectives through the year 2035.

“十四五”时期，西藏经济社会发展的主要目标是：社会大局持续全面稳定，反分裂斗争牢牢掌握全局主动，中华民族共同体意识深入人心，藏传佛教中国化得到新进展，经济发展保持良好势头。到“十四五”末，城乡居民人均可支配收入达到或者接近全国平均水平，基本公共服务主要指标接近全国平均水平，生态文明制度体系更加健全，国边防战略保障能力全面提升，党在西藏的执政基础更加坚实，为全面开启社会主义现代化新征程，到2035年与全国一道基本实现现代化起好步、开好局。

Tibet's main targets for economic and social development in the 14th Five-Year Plan period are as follows. We will work continuously to maintain overall social stability. We will firmly take the initiative in the overall battle against secession. We will work to further forge a strong sense of community among the Chinese people in Tibet. We will pursue new progress in the development of Tibetan Buddhism in the Chinese context. We will also work to maintain a sound momentum for economic growth. By the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents in Tibet will reach or stay close to the national average; the main indicators of basic public services will stay close to the national average; the institutional framework for ecological conservation will be further improved; the strategic support capacity for border defense will be comprehensively improved; and the foundation of the Party's governance in Tibet will be further strengthened. As such, Tibet will work to ensure a good start for the new journey toward socialist modernization and basically achieve socialist modernization with the rest of China by the year 2035.

“十三五”时期，中央对西藏规划投资了3807亿元，实际落实规划投资3937亿元，占“十三五”规划投资的103.4，实际上“十三五”超额完成了中央的总体规划。规划实施的结果正如总书记在第七次西藏工作座谈会上强调的，许多农牧民群众生活实现了从“水桶到水管、从油灯到电灯、从土路到油路”的进步。这样一个投资对西藏的基础设施，特别是对民生的改善是有直接关系的。这个月16号，最后一个通公路的墨脱县，第二条通道又打通了。过去墨脱整个冬季几乎很难进去，后来我们修了一条公路，但是依然是单双日通行，现在又打通了一条公路进去以后，马上可以从林芝海拔3000米的地方，4个小时之内就到海拔1200米的地方，这样方便了各族群众。

During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, central authorities planned to allocate an investment of 380.7 billion yuan in Tibet. The actual investment reached 393.7 billion yuan, accounting for 103.4% of the planned investment during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, which actually outstripped the overall projected target made by the central authorities. The achievements we made by carrying out the plans are just like what General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed at the seventh Central Symposium on Tibet Work. Many farmers and herdsmen in the region now enjoy much better lives thanks to easier access to water, electricity, and transportation. The investment in infrastructure construction has a direct bearing on improving people's wellbeing. On May 16, the second passageway opened to traffic in Medog county, which was previously the last Chinese county to not have access to highways. In the past, it was quite hard to enter Medog county in winter. Then we built a highway in the county. However, there still remain traffic restrictions based on even- and odd-numbered license plates. By opening the second highway, it takes less than four hours from surrounding areas with altitudes of 1,200 meters to Linzhi, which has an altitude of 3,000 meters, making life for people of all ethnic groups more convenient.

可以说“十四五”的投资在“十三五”的基础上将有较大的增长，“十四五”的投资主要侧重于四个方面：一是生态文明建设，西藏是江河源头，生态文明投资的重点就是真正把习近平总书记绿水青山、冰天雪地都是金山银山的思想怎样来践行好，这是一个大的投资。二是民生领域，补齐与全国的短板和差距。我们把这方面继续补充进去。三是社会治理方面，西藏地广人稀，我们加快把这个补充进去。四是边境地区的建设。把这方面继续投资，把它做好。我们在“十三五”实际投资的基础上，“十四五”期间投资保持较快增长，这是一个最基本的投入。我们坚信，“十四五”的基础设施投入在中央各部委、全国人民的支持下，对西藏经济社会的发展必将起到极大的进步和作用，西藏的生态环境、西藏的民生改善、西藏的脱贫攻坚巩固、乡村振兴将会有进一步的提升和全面发展。谢谢。

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, we will see a significant investment increase compared to what we saw during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. Investment during the 14tht Five-Year Plan period will mainly focus on four aspects. First, ecological conservation. Many major rivers originate in Tibet. Investment in ecological conservation should focus on fully implementing the philosophy for green development made by General Secretary Xi Jinping, which is "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets and so are ice and snow." This is a big investment. Second, we will also focus on people's well-being. We will work to strengthen weak links and narrow the gaps in people's livelihoods. Third, we will take stock of social governance. Tibet is a large region with a small population. We should increase investment in this regard. Fourth, we will work on the construction of the border areas. We will keep investing in this aspect and work effectively. Based on actual investment during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, we will maintain a relatively rapid growth of investment in infrastructure construction during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, which is a fundamental investment. We firmly believe that, with the support from all ministries and people across the country, the investment in infrastructure construction during the 14th Five-year Plan period will play a pivotal role in advancing the economic and social development of Tibet. Tibet will also enjoy greater progress in terms of improving the environment and people's livelihoods, consolidating poverty alleviation achievements, and rural vitalization. Thanks.

澎湃新闻记者:

The Paper:

西藏优秀传统文化是中华民族文化百花园中的瑰宝，请问西藏是如何推动优秀传统文化的创造性转化和创新性发展的？谢谢。

The fine traditional culture of Tibet is the treasure in the garden of Chinese culture. How will the innovation-driven development of the fine traditional culture of Tibet be carried forward? Thanks.

齐扎拉:

Qizhala:

谢谢。刚才吴英杰书记在发布词里也谈到了这个问题，西藏文化是中华文化的重要组成部分，西藏优秀文化长期以来在中华民族大家庭中得到尊重、传承和发展，中华文化始终是西藏各民族的感情纽带、心灵归属，同样藏传佛教也是中华文化的一个重要组成部分。西藏文化是中华文化的重要组成部分的思想，也不断地深深扎根在西藏各族群众心中，是“母与子”的关系，这方面应该说是越来越深入，认同感增强。特别是党的十八大以来，党中央把西藏确定为中华民族特色文化保护地，在资金、政策、技术、人才等方面给予了大力的支持，极大推动了优秀传统文化与时俱进、创新交融、去粗取精。

Thanks. Mr. Wu just mentioned this. Tibetan culture is a major part of Chinese culture. The fine culture of Tibet has long been developed and carried forward as a major part of Chinese culture. Chinese culture has always provided a mental bond connecting all ethnic groups in Tibet and a sense of belonging for them. Tibetan Buddhism is also a major part of Chinese culture. The idea that Tibetan culture is a major part of Chinese culture is also increasingly and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people in Tibet. The relationship between the two cultures is like the mother-child relationship. The sense of identity has grown stronger. Especially since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, the CPC Central Committee designated Tibet as the place of unique folk cultures, offering great support in terms of finance, policy, technologies, and talent resources, which significantly pushed forward the outstanding traditional culture to keep pace with the times and helped the region pursue innovation and integrated development while discarding unwanted elements and selecting other essential parts at the same time.

一是中华民族特色文化保护地建设全面推进。自治区这几年先后制定了《西藏自治区文物保护条例》《拉萨市老城区保护条例》《西藏自治区布达拉宫文化遗产保护条例》等法律法规，使西藏优秀传统文化保护地传承得到有效制度保障。民族传统文化得到有效传承，国家和自治区先后投入了50多亿元，这50多亿元是不含基础设施的投入，对全区内55个全国重点文物和610多处自治区级文物进行了保护和建设。比如，党和国家高度重视布达拉宫文化遗产保护工作。作为世界自然遗产地，西藏布达拉宫和八廓街这一带是重点，世界关注的，又在这方面加大了保护。我们目前在启动的，布达拉宫里面的经典典籍，特别是贝叶经的保护工作，正在全面推进。中央财政专门安排资金，古籍文献目前在做，每年都开展数据录入平台的建设，开展贝叶经无损提取装置等试验研究，包括整个文物归档整理，这方面做了大量卓有成效的工作。

First, efforts have been made to protect places of unique folk culture in all respects. The Tibet autonomous region has formulated the Regulation of Tibet Autonomous Region on the Protection of Cultural Relics, Regulations on the Protection of Old Town of Lhasa, Measures of the Tibet Autonomous Region for the Protection and Management of the Potala Palace, and other laws and regulations. They have provided an institutional guarantee for protecting and carrying forward the fine traditional culture in Tibet. Traditional ethnic culture has been carried forward effectively. The state and the autonomous region have invested more than five billion yuan, excluding the investment in infrastructure, in the protection and renovation of 55 sites under state protection and over 610 sites under regional protection. For example, the Party and the state attach great importance to the protection of the Potala Palace's cultural relics. As world cultural heritage sites, the Potala Palace and the Barkhor Street are the major areas that attract global attention. We have strengthened the protection of this area and we are now advancing the launch of the protection of ancient books in the Potala Palace, especially the Pattra-leaf Scripture. There are special funds allocated for that purpose in the central government spending. We are uploading ancient books to an online platform every year and carrying out experiments and research on the equipment for extracting the Pattra-leaf Scripture without causing damage to the original, as well as managing cultural relics archives. Great progress has been made in this regard.

二是建立70多处国家重点文物保护单位。罗布林卡等被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》，非物质文化遗产，藏戏、格萨尔，特别是藏医药浴法被列入联合国教科文组织《非物质文化遗产目录》，非遗文化的传承人，有国家级、自治区级的，而且是专项经费支持保障。非遗文化遗产又结合着我们的文化旅游产业，结合脱贫攻坚、乡村振兴，让传承人的技能在新时代进一步发挥出来。比如，对大昭寺周边八廓街的保护性改造，仅仅这个点就投了13个亿。对文物帮扶单位的保护，这方面的安防设施，使老百姓文物保护的意识全面增强。国家通用语言推广学习的同时，对藏语言文字的学习保护也有一整套的法律法规来保障，藏文成为全国第一个具有国际标准的少数民族文字。赋予藏历新年、拉萨雪顿节、那曲赛马节等一系列传统文化新生，在保护的基础上和群众文化活动结合在一起。

Second, we have built over 70 cultural relics protection units at the state level. Norbulingka has been registered on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Tibetan opera, Gesar, and Lum medicinal bathing of Sowa Rigpa have been included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. We have inheritors that have been put on the State and Regional List of Intangible Heritage. And there are special funds to support them. These intangible cultural heritages, combined with the cultural and tourism industry, poverty alleviation work, and rural vitalization, further leverage the role of the inheritors' skills in the new era. For example, the investment in the protection and renovation of Barkhor Street, with Jokhang Temple at its center, cost 1.3 billion yuan. On paired-up assistance for the protection of cultural relics, we have worked on strengthening the security of cultural relics, which raised people's awareness for protecting them. As China promotes a standardized system for the spoken and written Chinese language, Tibetan spoken and written language learning is protected by a set of laws and rules. Tibetan spoken and written language has become the first ethnic minority language in China to meet international standards. We have given new vigor to traditional festivals such as Tibetan New Year, the Shoton Festival, and the Nagqu Horse Racing Festival, and have combined them with public cultural activities based on protection.

三是现代文化事业也全面繁荣发展。区、市、县、乡、村各级都建有图书馆、群艺馆、博物馆，县区有综合文化中心，乡镇有综合文化站，行政村有文化活动室。广播电视综合覆盖率超过99%，而且这些都是双语的。大力实施美丽西藏可爱家乡优秀文化产品乡村供给工程，群众文化非常丰富。

Third, the modern cultural services are flourishing in every respect. We have built libraries, people's art halls and museums at all levels, and established comprehensive cultural centers at the county/district level, comprehensive cultural stations at the town/township level and cultural rooms at all administrative villages. The coverage rates of bilingual radio and TV programs have both reached 99%. We are fully promoting the "Beautiful Tibet, Lovely Hometown" project designed to supply high-level cultural products to rural residents, which has greatly enriched people's cultural lives.

四是文化产业也快速发展。电影《我的喜马拉雅》，包括大型实景剧《文成公主》等一批在不断发扬。每年的雪顿节上，八大藏戏，民间的文化活动在罗布林卡里面全部摆开，让群众参与。一大批优秀传统文化、艺术产品进入了全区乃至全国和国际文化市场，使优秀西藏文化，特别是民族文化的传播力、影响力和美誉度不断提升。谢谢。

Forth, the cultural industry is developing rapidly. A batch of cultural products, including the movie "My Himalaya" and the opera "Princess Wencheng," have been released. People have actively participated in the eight Tibetan operas and various kinds of cultural activities, which are held at Norbulingka in celebration of the traditional Shoton Festival every year. A number of fine traditional cultural and art products have entered regional and national markets and even gone global, boosting the influence and reputation of the traditional Tibetan culture.

香港中评社记者:

CRNTT:

我们知道，西藏作为青藏高原的主体，平均海拔在4000米以上，生态环境脆弱敏感，请问西藏在生态环境保护方面采取了哪些措施，效果怎么样？谢谢。

As we all know, as the mainstay of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Tibet has a vulnerable and fragile ecological environment with an average altitude of 4,000 meters above sea level. What measures have been taken to protect the ecological environment of Tibet? What achievements have been made? Thank you.

吴英杰:

Wu Yingjie:

西藏的生态问题大家都很关注，党中央也高度重视，习近平总书记凡谈到生态环境问题时必提青藏高原，特别在七次会议上强调，保护好青藏高原生态就是对中华民族生存和发展的最大贡献，要求我们要坚持对历史负责，对人民负责，对世界负责的态度，把生态文明摆在更加突出的位置。

The ecological environment of Tibet is of great concern to everyone. The CPC Central Committee attaches great importance to ecological and environmental protection in Tibet. The eco-environmental issue in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is an indispensable part in General Secretary Xi Jinping's remarks on eco-environmental protection. As General Secretary Xi said at the Seventh Central Symposium on Tibet Work, conserving the ecology of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the greatest contribution to the survival and development of the Chinese nation. It requires us to take a responsible attitude toward the history, the people and the world, placing the ecological progress in a more prominent position.

大家知道，守护好西藏高原这个生灵草木、万水千山，不仅是我们国家的事，也是整个亚洲的事，许多大江大河都发源于西藏，包括雅鲁藏布江、怒江、金沙江、澜沧江，很多都发源于西藏。我们在习近平生态文明思想的指引下，我们把保护好高原生态作为头等大事，我刚才在前面介绍时说过，一是要健全各种制度。我们颁布实施了《西藏自治区环境保护条例》等60多部法规规章，相继出台了关于着力构建国家重要生态安全屏障，加快推进生态文明建设的实施意见，还有一大批生态文明建设的指导性意见。今年1月24日，我们自治区十届人大四次会议又全票通过了《西藏自治区国家生态文明高地建设条例》，这是西藏首部关于生态文明建设的综合性法规，5月1号已经正式施行。

As we all know, the protection of wildlife, rivers and mountains in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is highly relevant to all countries in Asia, rather than being solely an issue for China. Many major rivers originate in Tibet, including the Yarlung Zangbo River, Nujiang River, Jinsha River, Lancang River and many others. Guided by Xi Jinping's Thought on Ecological Progress, we have always regarded ecological and environmental protection as being of the utmost importance. As I mentioned before, first, we are improving all kinds of institutional systems. Over 60 rules and regulations represented by the Regulations on Protecting Environment in Tibet Autonomous Region have been released. These also include opinions on constructing national ecological security shields and promoting ecological conservation. On Jan. 24, lawmakers in the Tibet autonomous region passed the region's first comprehensive regulations on ecological conservation, Regulations on Developing Ecological Highlands in Tibet Autonomous Region, which came into effect on May 1.

二是切实加强生态保护。一方面，西藏300万藏族同胞生活在这个地方，他们的血液里融合着和自然相互依存的关系，所以说在西藏保护生态环境是一种传统。通过这些法规法治以后，发挥好老百姓的主观能动作用，再发挥政府的调控作用，国家还大力支持一些资金，比如实施河湖长制，光河湖长、江湖员、生态功能这块，国家就支持了44.64亿。我们建立了11个国家级的自然保护区，4个国家级风景名胜区，3个国家地质公园，9个国家森林公园，22个国家湿地公园。西藏120万平方公里，但是自然保护占全区的国土面积达到了38.75%，生态保护红线面积达到了60.8万平方公里，全区一半的区域都列入了最严格的保护范围。另外，我们针对现在出现的一些新需求，比如对城镇生活垃圾和污水处理，过去一般量比较小，现在随着现代生活的发展，生活垃圾和污水处理每年都要投入相当多的资金，特别是先行开展沿江沿河村居生活垃圾和污水处理。西藏的7个地市大部分都沿江沿河，而且都是上游，保护好这些地方的生态环境，首先要处理好生活垃圾、污水，这些每年都要投入，我们坚持每年做一批。

Second, we are taking concrete actions to protect the ecological environment in Tibet. The concept of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature has been deeply rooted in the minds of the over 3 million Tibetan compatriots. Therefore, environmental protection has become a tradition in Tibet. The implementation of laws and regulations has further encouraged locals to play their part in protecting the ecological environment. Local governments have also played a role in regulating. The central government has allocated funds to Tibet as well. For example, a total of 4,464 million yuan was invested to establish the river chief and lake chief systems to improve the ecological functions. As a result of the concerted efforts, 11 national nature reserves, four national scenic spots, three national geological parks, nine national forest parks and 22 national wetland parks have been established in the region, with its nature reserves accounting for 38.75% of the region's total land area of 1.2 million square kilometers. So far, Tibet has designated a total of 608,000 square kilometers for ecological conservation, accounting for half of the region's land area. Moreover, we are working hard to meet the newly emerged needs. As modern society is developing so rapidly, much more household waste and sewage is being produced. This requires us to invest more funds in the household waste management and sewage disposal. Pilot programs have been carried out in the areas along rivers. As most of the seven prefectures and cities in Tibet lie along the upstream of rivers, household waste management and sewage disposal are of huge significance for protecting the ecological environment. We will continue to invest in this area every year.

三是处理好环境保护和经济发展的关系。经济要发展，生态也要保护好，我们始终坚定不移走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的道路。一方面，处理好保护生态和富民利民的关系，完善重点生态功能区转移支付机制、森林生态效益补偿机制和草原生态保护补助机制、建立生态补偿等。另外，我们还把一些过去野生动物生活的地域还给它们，过去的无人区、海拔非常高的居民向相对条件好、生产资料相对富裕、基础设施相对完善的地区搬迁，把草场、畜场还给野生动物。可能有去过西藏的，我们叫退畜还草，有的地方叫退畜还驴，野生动物特别是藏野驴现在繁殖很快。包括藏羚羊，据最新的统计，西藏应该超过30万，各种野生动物的保护，给它们栖息地。

Third, we need to balance environmental protection with economic development. The economy should be developed and the ecology must also be well protected. We have unswervingly followed the path of developing production, making people better-off and maintaining a sound ecological environment. On one hand, we should maintain a proper balance between protecting the ecology and enriching the people. We have improved the transfer payment mechanism for key ecological function zones, the compensation mechanism for forest ecological benefits and the subsidizing mechanism for grassland ecological protection, and also established ecological compensation measures. Furthermore, we have returned a number of areas where wild animals used to live in the past to them. People who lived in sparsely populated areas and regions at very high altitudes have moved to areas with better conditions, richer production materials and better infrastructure. This allowed us to return grasslands and livestock fields to wild animals. Perhaps some of you have been to Tibet. There, we call it "removing livestock to restore the grasslands," and in some places it's called "removing livestock and restoring wild donkeys." Wild animals, especially Tibetan donkeys, are reproducing very quickly now, as are Tibetan antelopes. According to the latest statistics, the population of Tibetan antelopes is now around 300,000. Various wild animals have been brought under protection in Tibet, and their habitats have also been returned to them.

另外，让老百姓吃上生态饭。2016年以来，我们累计为群众提供70万个生态岗位，由过去的砍树人变成了现在的造林人。在有条件的地方，我们通过科技实行植被恢复、种树，有1000多个村子，10万多户有条件的地方新增种树，效果还是比较好的。包括在海拔4000多米的地方科技种树，都大有希望。当然，我们种树主要还是在比较高海拔的地方，在一些人口比较密集的地方，比如学校、部队、机关、企业周边，通过科技造树，让他们享受到植被带来的福祉。

In addition, we have created environment-related employment to help sustain people's lives. Since 2016, we have provided a total of 700,000 jobs in the ecological sector for locals. Many people who used to work cutting down trees are now the ones planting the forests. In places where conditions permit, with the use of science and technology, we have carried out revegetation and afforestation. Trees have been planted in more than 100,000 households in over 1,000 villages, and the results have been relatively good. There is also hope for planting trees at an altitude of over 4,000 meters. We have mainly been planting trees at high altitudes and in areas where many people congregate, such as schools, military bases, government offices and enterprises. Thanks to science and technology, people can enjoy the benefits of vegetation.

经过这些年的努力，中科院和相关部门的监测评估显示，西藏高原各类生态系统结构整体稳定，生态质量稳定向好。去年，地级城市空气质量优良天数比例达到了99.4%以上，全区地表水水质达标率是100%，土壤处于自然本底状态。西藏由于这些年的保护，气候也有所转变，今年拉萨的雨季来得比较早，植被返绿也比较早，给人们带来的舒适度也很高。当然我们还面临很大的挑战，由于全球气候变暖对青藏高原，特别是对西藏冰川带和一些湖泊带来的挑战，我们要高度重视，通过科技进行监测，及时作出有效应对。谢谢。

After years of efforts, according to the monitoring and evaluation work carried out by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and relevant departments, the overall structure of the various ecosystems in the Tibetan Plateau has been stable, while the ecological quality has also stabilized and improved. Last year, the air quality on over 99.4% of days in prefecture-level cities was classed as "good," and 100% of surface water met the quality standards across the entire region, while the soil was in its natural state. Due to years of protection, the climate in Tibet has also improved. The rainy season in Lhasa came earlier this year, and plants turned green earlier. This has provided local people with a more comfortable living environment. Certainly, we still face great challenges. Global warming has impacted the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, especially bringing challenges to Tibet's glaciers and lakes. We need to attach high attention to them, monitor the changing situation using science and technology, and make timely and effective responses. Thank you.

北京日报记者:

Beijing Daily:

“十三五”时期西藏曾提出2020年西藏教育整体发展水平接近全国平均水平，逐步实现基本公共教育服务均等化。请问西藏在教育事业发展上采取了哪些举措，成效怎么样？谢谢。

During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, Tibet proposed that its overall educational development level would be close to the national average by 2020, and basic public education services would be gradually equalized. What measures has Tibet taken to develop its education? What have been the outcomes? Thank you.

齐扎拉:

Qizhala:

谢谢您对教育的关心。西藏的教育和全国一样，在“十三五”时期有了全面的发展，但是西藏的教育在第六次西藏工作座谈会和第七次西藏工作座谈会上，习近平总书记都明确强调要坚持把优先发展教育作为推动党和国家各项事业发展的重要先手棋。在总书记的关心关怀下，在全国援藏的支持下，我们始终坚持教育优先发展。在教育上，涵盖学前教育、基础教育、职业教育、高等教育、继续教育、特殊教育的现代教育体系，在西藏已基本全面建立，西藏各族群众受教育的权益得到充分保障。

Thanks for your attention on education. Like the rest of China, education in Tibet has been comprehensively developed during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. At the sixth and the seventh symposiums on Tibet-related work, General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that education should be taken as the top priority in promoting the development of various undertakings of the Party and the state. Under the care and guidance of General Secretary Xi, and with support from the whole country, we have continuously prioritized the development of education. A modern education system, covering preschool education, basic education, vocational education, higher education, continuing education and special education, has been basically established in Tibet. The educational rights and interests of the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet have been fully guaranteed.

特别是党的十八大以来，建立健全从学前教育到高等教育的资助体系。西藏的教育实现公办教育。国家对西藏农牧民，实行了“三包政策”，教育资金、资助资金达到了180多亿元。资助的学生人数达到了1102万人次，各类资助政策达40项。可以说在教育上，西藏各族人民享受了最好的教育政策。正因为这样，人民群众的教育获得感不断提升。目前，到哪个地区看，最好的房子是在学校，最好的体育活动场所必定是在学校，学历最高的人也是在学校。

Especially since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, a funding system which covers from preschool education to higher education has been established and improved. Public education has been made available in Tibet. The state has implemented the "three guarantee policy" for Tibetan farmers and herdsmen, and education funds and subsidies have reached over 18 billion yuan. The number of students receiving financial support has reached 11.02 million, and there have been 40 different kinds of support policies. It could be said that in terms of education, the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet have had the best education policies. Therefore, the people's sense of educational benefits has been constantly rising. At present, wherever you go in Tibet, the best buildings are on school campuses, the best sports venues are on school campuses, and the people with the highest education in the region have also been employed by the schools.

具体讲，西藏这几年实施了国家专项计划，重点高校专项招生和农村专项计划，深入推进阳光招生，首先在招生上教育公平，大家满意的，包括到内地西藏班，全国17个援藏省市基本都有，包括北京、上海、江苏等，这是党和国家多少年长期形成的。包吃包住包学习费用的政策，生均标准已经达到了4200元。阳光招生，让每一个农牧民的小孩都能够享受到教育公平。

In particular, Tibet has implemented special national plans in recent years, carried out special enrollment plans for key universities and special rural areas, and further promoted "sunshine enrollment." First of all, education is fair for students during enrollment, and everyone has been satisfied. This includes the "inland Tibet classes," which have been organized in 17 provinces and cities across the country, including Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu province. This has been formed over the years by the Party and the state. The policy of including food, housing and study expenses has been implemented, and the annual amount provided for each student has reached 4,200 yuan. The "sunshine enrollment" has also ensured that every child of farmers and herdsmen enjoys fairness in education.

全面推进教育人才“组团式”援藏，17个援藏省市，包括中央相关部门，加快推动。有的学校甚至学校校长、教导主任、重点学科的班主任，全部组团来推进。这样使教育水平和教育质量得到了快速的提升。同时，全面落实立德树人的根本任务，在学校师生中大力开展“培养什么样的人、怎样培养人、为谁培养人”的主题教育活动。国家通用语言教育全面加强，教材统编以后，包括阿里最偏远的学校、那曲海拔4800-4900这样的学校全部在推广。县域义务教育均衡发展基本实现，区域内，县办小学、乡办小学的差距不断缩小。中小学双语教育普及率、小学数学开课率、中学数理化课程教学计划完成率、中学理化生实验课程开课率、职业技术学校国家目录规定课程开出率均达到100%。这样以后，出现了今年和去年连续两年，高考中理化的分数有了大幅度提高，说明整体的理化教育有了质的提升和发展。高中阶段教育普及攻坚如期完成。新建学校（幼儿园）1340所。“互联网+教育”实现中小学全覆盖。智慧教育在全区优先推广。目前全区实现了共有各级各类学校3195所，在校学生88万多人，学前教育毛入学率达到了87%，小学学龄教育入学率达到99.9%，义务教育巩固率达到95%。

Seventeen provinces and municipalities, as well as the central government and relevant central government departments, have accelerated their efforts to source and organize groups of educational professionals to aid Tibet. Some schools have even installed these educational professionals as their principals, deans, and key subject teachers. By doing so, the level and quality of education in Tibet have been rapidly promoted. At the same time, we have comprehensively implemented the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education and vigorously carried out education activities with the theme of "what kind of people to cultivate, how to cultivate them, and for whom they are cultivated?" among teachers and students. The education level of Mandarin has been strengthened in an all-round way. Once the nationwide unified textbooks were available, they have been used in the remotest schools in Ali prefecture, and schools in Naqu prefecture with an altitude of 4,800 to 4,900 meters. Balanced development for compulsory education at the county level has been basically achieved, with the gap between county-run primary schools and township-run primary schools within the region constantly narrowing. All primary and secondary schools now offer bilingual education; all primary schools offer math courses; all secondary schools have completed teaching plans for math, physics, chemistry, and biology courses; all secondary schools are offering physical, chemical, and biological experimental courses; and all vocational and technical schools are offering courses prescribed in the national catalog of courses for these schools. As a result, scores for physics and chemistry in the college entrance examination greatly increased both last year and this year, indicating that the overall physics and chemistry education in Tibet has obtained qualitative improvement and upgrading. The task to universalize senior secondary education has been fulfilled on schedule. A total of 1,340 new schools (kindergartens included) have been built. The "Internet Plus Education" model covers all primary and secondary schools and priority has been given to promoting smart education throughout the region. At present, Tibet has 3,195 schools of various types and at various levels, hosting more than 880,000 students. The gross enrollment rate for preschool education has reached 87%, while the enrollment rate in primary schools stands at 99.9%, and the retention rate of compulsory education is 95%.

特别是随着脱贫攻坚的推进，过去放一次假，小孩有的放牧就不愿意来了，有的捡虫草把课程落下了就不愿意来。但是，随着整个脱贫攻坚，我们驻村干部、乡镇干部，把每一个村子的小孩全部盯着，放假以后，除了生病没有办法的，其他没有一个小孩是辍学的。目前，我们的教育，学前教育、基础教育都在向高等化发展。在“十三五”，西藏藏医药大学在中央的关心关怀下，建设了新校区，将拥有全国最好的研究基地和平台、博士生培养点。西藏技师学校也在新建，新校区将在今年9月份全面启动，一个学校一次不含征地费用就投入10个亿以上。西藏大学双一流建设扎实推进，许多全国重点学科建设现在已经全面铺开。这些将为西藏的“十四五”以及2035年远景目标规划，提供教育基础性的人才支持。谢谢。

Education has been improved in line with the progress made for poverty alleviation. In the past, some students were reluctant to return to school after the holidays because they were herding, or because they had missed too many lessons to go picking caterpillar fungus. However, with the fight against poverty, the cadres in villages, townships, and towns kept an eye on all the children in every village. After the holidays, none of the students dropped out of school except for those who were ill. Currently, our education, including preschool education and basic education, is progressing towards a higher level. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016-2020), the University of Tibetan Medicine built a new campus with the support of the central government, which will be home to an incredible research base and platform as well as the training site for doctor degree candidates in China. The Tibetan Technician College's new campus is also under construction and will be fully launched in September this year. More than 1 billion yuan, excluding land acquisition fees, has been invested in each school at a time. Tibet University has made solid progress in building itself into a world-class university and developing world-class disciplines, with the advancement of many national key disciplines now in full swing. All these will provide basic education and talent support for the achievement of targets in Tibet's 14th five-year plan and its long-range goals for 2035. Thank you.

中央广播电视总台央视记者:

CCTV:

现在由于新冠肺炎，所以我们现在特别关心西藏医疗卫生的情况。想请您介绍一下，近年来西藏在发展医疗卫生事业方面采取了哪些措施？取得了哪些成果？鉴于当前依然严峻复杂的疫情防控形势，西藏在疫情防控上都采取了哪些措施？谢谢。

Given the COVID-19 pandemic, the healthcare situation in Tibet is of particular concern. Could you please brief us on the measures Tibet has taken to develop its healthcare services in recent years? What are the achievements? Considering the still grim and complex situation of pandemic prevention and control, what measures has Tibet taken in this regard? Thank you.

齐扎拉:

Qizhala:

谢谢对西藏医疗卫生事业的关心。党和国家始终高度重视西藏的卫生和健康事业发展。70年来，白衣天使，西藏人民称为“门巴”，有许许多多动人的故事发生。特别是党的十八大以来，在中央关心下，西藏的医疗卫生事业得到了全面的改善，基本实现了与全国同步发展，人民健康事业水平得到显著提升。

Thank you for your care for Tibet's healthcare services. The Party and the government have always attached great importance to the development of medical and health services in Tibet. The past 70 years have witnessed many touching stories about the medical workers in Tibet, known as "menba" in Tibetan. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in particular, with the care of the CPC Central Committee, Tibet's healthcare sector has been comprehensively improved and basically realized, synchronizing growth with the rest of the country, and the public health level has been significantly upgraded.

一是加快构建卫生健康服务体系。初步建成了覆盖区、市、县、乡、村的五级医疗卫生服务网络，形成了以农牧区医疗制度为基础、大病保险为补充、医疗救助为依托的多层次医疗保障体系。医疗卫生机构由1951年前的3个到现在的1642个，医疗机构床位数当时不足百张到现在的1.7万张，卫生健康从业人员由当时不足百人到现在的2万多人。

First, we have accelerated the establishment of the healthcare service system. A five-level medical and health service network covering districts, cities, counties, townships, and villages has been preliminarily built and a multi-level medical security system has been formed based on the medical system in agricultural and pastoral areas, supplemented by serious illness insurance and supported by medical assistance. The number of healthcare institutions has grown from three before 1951 to 1,642 now, while the number of beds and medical personnel has increased from less than 100 then to 17,000 now and from less than 100 at that time to more than 20,000 now, respectively.

二是不断提高医疗服务水平。通过完善培养体系，深入实施医疗人才“组团式”援藏，开展三级医院对口帮扶，实现了大病不出自治区、中病不出地市、小病不出县区。结核、肝炎等疾病筛查全面完成。特别是困扰西藏各族人民千百年来的一些地方病，像大骨节病、包虫病、高原性风湿病等这些影响很大。这几年在国家的关心下，我们突出把这些地方病做到了全面诊治。大骨节病是一个地方病，很严重，在这方面采取综合措施，特别是通过极高海拔搬迁，把这个病基本上清除了。现在已经搬完。生活环境变了，这种病得到了治疗。再比如包虫病，西藏实施了在“十三五”期间，不把包虫病带入2020年的目标，在三年当中，如果没有社会主义制度、没有共产党领导做不到。包虫病是通过流浪狗传播的，建立了流浪狗收容中心。人是全人口筛查，做手术零费用，国家掏钱，个人不掏一分钱。经过国家权威部门认定，这种病得到历史性消除。

Second, we have continuously increased the level of medical service. By upgrading the training system, organizing groups of medical professionals to aid Tibet, and pairing Grade-A hospitals to provide assistance, we have made it a reality that serious diseases can be treated within the autonomous region, moderate diseases can be handled within the prefectures and cities, and minor illnesses can be addressed within the counties. Screening for tuberculosis, hepatitis, and other diseases has been fully completed. In particular, some endemic diseases which have plagued the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet for thousands of years, such as Kashin-Beck disease, hydatid disease, and high-altitude rheumatism, have had a great impact. In recent years, with the care of the central government, we have stepped up efforts and realized comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of these endemic diseases. For example, the serious endemic Kashin-Beck disease has been largely eliminated through a combination of measures, particularly through the relocation of people from extremely high altitudes. All the people have been relocated from very high altitudes now and the disease has been treated by changing their living environments. Another example is hydatid disease. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, we set out to eradicate hydatid disease in Tibet by 2020. The goal wouldn't have been realized in three years without the socialist system and the leadership of the CPC. Hydatid disease is transmitted through stray dogs, and shelter centers for stray dogs have been established. All the people in Tibet have been screened for this disease and the central government fully pays for the relevant treatment. The national authorities have confirmed that hydatid disease has been historically eradicated.

包括妇女儿童健康，过去西藏妇女由于传统落后习俗，生育都不到医院，健康卫生都不好，婴幼儿死亡率很高，千分之430下降到千分之7.6，使得西藏的人均预期寿命已经达到了71.1岁，真是人类奇迹。我们和周边地区比较，是人均寿命最高的。

Regarding the health of women and children, in the past, due to traditional backward customs, Tibetan women did not go to hospitals for childbirth, their health and hygiene were not good, and the infant and child mortality rate was very high. But now the infant mortality rate has dropped from 430‰ to 7.6‰ and the life expectancy in Tibet averages 71.1 years, the highest when compared to our neighboring regions. It is a human miracle.

三是创新和发展藏医药事业。目前有3个国家级藏医区域诊疗中心，1所藏医大学、17家藏医药生产企业。藏医药浴法列入联合国教科文组织《人类非物质文化遗产目录》，《四部医典》等藏医药的经典被列入第二批《国家非物质文化遗产名录》，可以说西藏的卫生事业得到了全面发展。

Third, we have innovated and developed Tibetan medicine. There are currently three national-level Tibetan medicine regional diagnosis and treatment centers, one Tibetan medicine university, and 17 Tibetan medicine companies. The Tibetan medicinal bathing method was inscribed onto the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO, and the classics of Tibetan medicine such as the Four Medical Classics are included in the Second National List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of China. It can be said that Tibet's medical undertakings have been improved in all respects.

去年新冠肺炎发生以来，习近平总书记和党中央、国务院关心关怀西藏各族人民，自治区党委、政府坚决贯彻落实总书记关于疫情防控的一系列重要讲话、指示批示精神，坚持人民至上、生命至上、科学防治、精准施策，针对唯一的1例输入性病例，我们尽全力确诊，动用了一切力量，实现了全国首先“清零”，进而加大了防止反弹、“零扩散”，交了一份合格的答卷。今年4月以来，周边国家疫情恶化，我们面临“外防输入”的严峻形势。西藏4000多公里的边境线，周边疫情对我们的压力和影响很大。我们按照中央的要求，在区党委统一部署下，把形势分析得更严峻，做好充分准备，做最坏打算，周密部署疫情防控。

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 last year, General Secretary Xi Jinping, the Party Central Committee and the State Council have provided care and support to the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet. The Party committee and government of the autonomous region have resolutely implemented the guidelines outlined in a series of important speeches and instructions by General Secretary Xi Jinping on epidemic prevention and control. We put the people and their lives above everything else, adopted a science-based approach, and took targeted measures. With all-out effort, the only imported case was treated and discharged, and the Tibet autonomous region was the first to be declared free of COVID-19 in China. Since then, we have continued to strictly prevent the epidemic from resurgence or spread. Since April this year, the epidemic situation in China's neighboring countries has worsened, and we are facing a severe situation of preventing inbound cases. With a 4,000-km long external borderline, Tibet is faced with great pressure from the epidemic situation of surrounding countries. In accordance with the requirements of the Party Central Committee, under the unified deployment of the Party committee of the autonomous region, we analyzed the situation and made full preparations for the worst-case scenario to prevent the epidemic.

中国日报记者:

China Daily:

我们知道“老西藏精神”、“两路精神”是新时代各族人民宝贵的精神财富。在西藏和平解放过程中，“老西藏精神”和“两路精神”发挥了凝心聚力的重要作用。新时代的“老西藏精神”和“两路精神”是否有更多的深刻内涵？党员干部应该如何传承和弘扬这种精神？谢谢。

We know that the "old Tibetan spirit" and the "two roads spirit" are valuable spiritual assets of the people of all ethnic groups in the new era. During the peaceful liberation of Tibet, the "old Tibetan spirit" and the "two roads spirit" served as important rallying cries. Do the spirits have more profound connotations in the new era? How should Party members and cadres carry forward these spirits? Thank you.

吴英杰:

Wu Yingjie:

“老西藏精神”实际上是一代代的党员干部，包括当地的少数民族干部，大家在艰苦环境下共同创立的，后来总结为“五个特别”以及一不怕苦、二不怕死、顽强拼搏、甘当铺路石的“两路精神”。习近平总书记多次强调，在高原上工作，最稀缺的是氧气，最宝贵是精神，要求广大党员干部，特别是西藏干部要发扬“老西藏精神”“两路精神”，缺氧不缺精神，艰苦不怕吃苦，海拔高境界更高。在工作中，不断增加责任感、使命感，增强能力，锻炼作风。

The "old Tibetan spirit" was actually created under harsh circumstances by generations of Party members and cadres, including local ethnic minority cadres. Later, the essence of the spirit was summed up as being tough, brave, devoted, united and resilient. The "two roads spirit" is characterized by facing both hardship and death with great courage, and remaining tenacious and dedicated. General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized on many occasions that when working on the plateau, the scarcest thing is oxygen, and the most precious thing is spirit. He requires the Party members and cadres, especially Tibetan cadres, to carry forward the "old Tibetan spirit" and the "two roads spirit", stay committed, spirited, and hardworking when working in the harsh high-altitude region, continuously increase their sense of responsibility and mission, and work to improve their ability and work style.

现在的“老西藏精神”，已经有了新的更多的深刻内涵。我想主要是在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的指引下，以人民为中心，做好本职工作。过去，我们讲能吃苦、忍耐、团结等，现在的条件和过去的条件已经不可同日而语了，现在交通四通八达，各种医疗、保健、基础设施都有很大变化。现在关键是在这种环境下，怎么样把习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想、以人民为中心的发展思想贯彻落实好；怎么样把改善民生、凝聚人心做好；怎么样把稳定发展生态强边工作做好。在这方面，还是继续会按照党中央的要求，把事业心、使命感、责任感发扬下去。在党史学习教育中不忘初心、牢记使命。坚定理想信念，贯彻好党的群众路线，扎实解决作风问题，力戒形式主义、官僚主义等等。西藏的广大党员同志要共同努力，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”，牢固树立海拔高学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党中央决策部署标准要更高，牢固树立西藏客观条件特殊但从严治党和反腐倡廉没有任何的特殊性，牢固树立西藏氧气少、气压低但坚定理想信念、执行党的纪律标准不能降低。要做到政治标准更高，党性要求更严，组织纪律性要更强，始终保持对党绝对忠诚的优良作风。还要保持艰苦朴素的优良作风，坚持以人民为中心，立党为公，执政为民。在西藏要胸怀“两个大局”，心怀“国之大者”，以功成不必在我的精神境界和功成必定有我的历史担当，持之以恒做好工作。这些精神的彰显，实际上在我们党的十八大以来，按照习近平总书记的要求，我们的驻村干部、驻寺干部，还有抗击新冠肺炎斗争中，广大党员，我们的80后、90后彰显出的精神，实际上也是“老西藏精神”新的内涵。

The "old Tibetan spirit" now has more new profound connotations. I think it mainly refers to putting the people at the center and doing our work well under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. In the past, we stressed the importance of being able to endure hardship, showing perseverance, and staying united. The current conditions are no longer the same as those in the past. Now transportation is very convenient, and various medical, health care, and infrastructure facilities have undergone great changes. The key tasks now are to implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the people-centered development philosophy under the new situation; improve people's livelihood and unite people; and maintain steady economic development and preserve the ecological environment. In this regard, we will continue to carry forward the sense of dedication, mission, and responsibility in accordance with the requirements of the Party Central Committee. We will remain true to our original aspiration and keep our mission firmly in mind in Party history learning and education. We will hold firm to our ideals and convictions, fully implement the Party's mass line, address misconduct and refrain from formalism and bureaucracy. The Party members and comrades in Tibet should work together to strengthen our consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership and stay confident in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Despite the special geographical features in Tibet, we will continue to study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the Party Central Committee's decisions and deployments. We will exercise full and rigorous governance over the party and fight against corruption, stand firm to ideals and convictions, and fully implement Party discipline. We will uphold political integrity, carry forward the style of working hard and plain living, fulfill the Party's requirements, strengthen the enforcement of organizational discipline, ensure the principal status of the people, and adhere to the Party's commitment to serving the public good and exercising power in the interests of the people. Taking into account both domestic and international dynamics, we will bear in mind national priorities and make contributions without considering personal gains and losses. In fact, since the 18th CPC National Congress, in accordance with the requirements of General Secretary Xi Jinping, our cadres stationed in villages and temples, and Party members of the post-80s and 90s have all worked on the front line of fighting against COVID-19 and have embodied the new connotation of the "old Tibetan spirit".

中国新闻社记者:

China News Service:

和平解放开辟了西藏繁荣发展的新道路，中国如何治理好西藏，成为一些学者讨论的重点话题之一。请问西藏自治区在这方面有哪些可以分享的经验？谢谢。

The peaceful liberation of Tibet opened up a new path to prosperity and development. How to exercise sound governance over Tibet has become one of the key topics among some scholars. What experience could the Tibet autonomous region share in this regard? Thank you.

吴英杰:

Wu Yingjie:

这个问题问得很好。在治藏稳藏兴藏的成功实践中，我们也深刻感受到，西藏繁荣发展的道路，首先必须坚持中国共产党的领导。从历史上来看，多少仁人志士都在探索一条道路，包括西藏也是一样。1951年和平解放以后，大家感受到，只有共产党领导才能带领西藏走这条繁荣发展的路。

This is a good question. During the successful practice of governing, stabilizing, and making Tibet prosperous, we are keenly aware that, to achieve prosperity and development in Tibet, we must first uphold the strong leadership of the CPC. Historically, patriots and righteous people explored suitable paths of development in Tibet. Since the peaceful liberation in 1951, people have realized that only the CPC can lead Tibet to achieve development and prosperity.

第二是必须要坚持中国特色社会主义制度，落实好民族区域自治制度，集中力量办大事。刚才讲了很多，西藏的工作自身是西藏自治区党委、政府团结带领各族人民，更多是党中央和全国人民的支持支援，这就是我们社会主义制度的优越。所以这条道路要选准。

Second, we must adhere to socialism with Chinese characteristics, implement the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and pool resources to complete major missions. As I said previously, the achievements in Tibet depend on the efforts of all the ethnic peoples united and led by the CPC Tibet Autonomous Regional Committee and the local government. More importantly, they also rely on the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and support from the rest of China. This demonstrates the strengths of China's socialist system. Therefore, the path must be chosen correctly.

第三是必须要坚持总体国家安全观，维护好祖国统一、领土完整，才能保障西藏的根本利益。

Third, we must take a holistic view of national security and safeguard national unity and territorial integrity to ensure Tibet's fundamental interests.

第四是必须坚持人民为中心的发展思想。把人民对美好生活的向往作为奋斗目标，不断增强群众的获得感、幸福感、安全感。刚才我和齐主席说了很多，1951年和平解放以来，党和国家从来没有从西藏拿走过一分钱，而且都是给予了西藏大力支持，西藏的各族群众享受了全国各族群众都没有享受的特殊优惠政策。这就是以人民为中心发展思想在西藏的体现。

Fourth, we must remain committed to the people-centered philosophy of development. We must keep the aspiration of the people to live a better life as the focus of our efforts and make steady progress towards enhancing people's sense of gain, happiness, and security. Just as Mr. Qizhala and I said previously, since the peaceful liberation in 1951, the Party and the country have never taken even a single cent from Tibet; on the contrary, they have made all efforts to support us. All the ethnic peoples of Tibet have enjoyed special preferential policies that are not enjoyed by people in other parts of China. This demonstrates the implementation of the people-centered philosophy of development in Tibet.

第五是必须坚持铸牢中华民族共同体意识，西藏自古以来就是中国的一部分，中华民族共同体意识需要始终不渝地坚持下去，共同团结奋斗，共同繁荣发展。还要坚持中央关心、全国人民支持、西藏各族人民自力更生、艰苦奋斗。

Fifth, we must foster a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation. Tibet has been an integral part of China since ancient times. We must keep in mind a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation and pursue common prosperity and development through uniting and working hand in hand. With support from the CPC Central Committee and the rest of China, people of all ethnic groups in Tibet should also maintain the spirit of self-reliance and diligence.

第六是必须坚持我国宗教的中国化方向，讲清楚藏传佛教自身就是中华文化的一部分。在宗教方面，我们要坚持信仰自由、自主自办、依法管理、引导宗教与社会主义社会相适应，特别是在导上下功夫。在西藏还有特殊的情况，就是旗帜鲜明地消除十四世达赖利用宗教所产生的负面影响。另外，进入新时代，教育群众淡化宗教的消极影响，理性对待宗教，过好今生幸福生活是非常重要的一件事情。

Sixth, we must uphold the principle that religions in China must be Chinese in orientation. We should clarify that Tibetan Buddhism is part of Chinese culture. On religious affairs, we should adopt policies on the freedom of religious belief, manage religious affairs in accordance with the law, adhere to the principle of independence and self-management, and focus on guiding religions to adapt to the socialist society. A special situation in Tibet is that we always take a clear stand to eliminate the negative influence generated by the 14th Dalai Lama through religious affairs. In the new era, it is important that we guide the public to downplay the negative influence of religion, treat religion rationally and live a happy life in this life.

第七是必须坚持加强党的建设，特别是政治建设。在西藏的经验，我们党的基层组织建设这些年来取得了那么多好的成绩，人民的向心力、凝聚力的巩固，关键是我们有一大批忠于党、善于做群众工作、在基层奉献的基层党组织和干部，这些基层党组织和干部做了大量的工作。

Seventh, we must strengthen Party building, especially in its political foundations. Over the years, the building of primary-level Party organizations has achieved remarkable progress and the cohesion of people in Tibet has been strengthened. This is mainly attributed to the efforts made by a large number of primary-level Party organizations and officials who are loyal to the Party, engage with the people, and dedicate themselves at grassroots levels. They have done a great deal of work.

陈文俊:

Chen Wenjun:

谢谢吴书记和齐主席，谢谢各位记者。今天的发布会到此结束。再见。

Thank you, Mr. Wu, Mr. Qizhala, and friends from the media. This is the end of today's press conference. Goodbye.