西班牙遭受双重打击
Draghi berates Spain as assets flow out
西班牙昨日受到双重打击，数据显示，今年头3个月，近1000亿欧元资金撤离该国，同时欧洲央行(ECB)行长马里奥•德拉吉(Mario Draghi)对西班牙处理该国陷入困境的银行Bankia的方式进行了猛烈抨击。
Madrid was dealt a double blow yesterday after it emerged that almost €100bn in capital had left the country in the first three months of the year and the head of the European Central Bank lambasted its handling of Bankia, the troubled Spanish lender.
西班牙央行公布的数据显示，今年第一季度，970亿欧元资金撤离该国，约相当于该国国内生产总值(GDP)的十分之一，目前外界对西班牙控制此次经济和金融双重危机的能力越来越感到担忧，危机已迫使西班牙政府借款成本升至欧元时代高点。
Data published by Spain’s central bank showed €97bn had been pulled out in the first quarter – around a tenth of the country’s GDP – as concerns mounted over Madrid’s ability to contain its twin economic and financial crises, which have forced government borrowing costs to euro-era highs.
这些数据似乎支持经济学家们之前的评估，他们认为，外国投资者正在出售西班牙资产，而西班牙各银行在通过欧洲央行3年期流动性操作获得资金的帮助下，正增持国内债券。
The data seemed to corroborate earlier assessments from economists that foreign investors were selling Spanish assets, while Spanish banks were increasing holdings of domestic bonds, helped by cash accessed through the ECB’s three-year liquidity operations.
“我担心，我们尚未看到最新数据，这些数据可能糟糕得多，”IHS环球透视(IHS Global Insight)经济学家拉吉•贝迪尼亚(Raj Badiani)表示，“我们正看到一场完美风暴。”
“My concern is that we haven’t yet seen the most recent numbers, which could be far worse,” said Raj Badiani, economist at IHS Global Insight. “We are seeing a perfect storm.”
德拉吉对西班牙处理该国第三大银行Bankia的方式予以严厉抨击，他表示，各国监管机构一再低估纾困成本。他以对法国-比利时银行德克夏(Dexia)的纾困为例。“先有第一次评估，然后是第二次，第三次，第四次，”他表示，“这是最糟糕的行事方法。大家最终都做了正确的事，但付出了最高的代价。”
In a damning indictment of Spain’s handling of Bankia, its third largest lender, Mario Draghi, ECB president, said national supervisors had repeatedly underestimated how much a rescue would cost. He cited the rescue of Dexia, the Franco-Belgian lender, as an example. “There is a first assessment, then a second, a third, a fourth,” he said. “This is the worst possible way of doing things. Everyone ends up doing the right thing, but at highest cost.”
在德拉吉发表此番言论之前，西班牙上周表示，将向Bankia再注资190亿欧元。此次西班牙规模最大的银行国有化，将令注入Bankia的政府援助总规模达到235亿欧元，远远超过5月份早些时候提供的估算，即政府对西班牙各银行援助总规模将达到150亿欧元。
His comments come after Spain said last week it would inject an additional €19bn of capital into Bankia. Madrid’s biggest bank nationalisation will take the total amount of state aid pumped into Bankia to €23.5bn, far higher than the €15bn estimate given earlier this month for the total bill for state aid to Spanish banks.
德拉吉表示，我们得到的教训是，对那些对欧元区金融体系构成风险的银行的监管，应通过一个中央当局（而非各国监管机构）进行。增强欧洲银行管理局(European Banking Authority)的实力，可能有助于推进泛欧洲纾困的主张。欧洲银行管理局是一个依赖各国监管机构与该国银行互动的小机构。
Mr Draghi said the lesson was that supervision of banks which presented a risk to the eurozone financial system should rest with a centralised authority, not national regulators. Strengthening the European Banking Authority, a small body that relies on national regulators to interact with banks in each country, could help advance the claim for pan-European bailouts.
天之聪教育
2012-08-17
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