谢锋大使就美国总统特朗普访华和中美关系接受美国《新闻周刊》资深记者专访

Ambassador Xie Feng took an exclusive interview by Newsweek on U.S. President Donald Trump’s visit to China and China-U.S. relations

2026年5月5日，中国驻美国大使谢锋就美国总统特朗普访华和中美关系接受美国《新闻周刊》（Newsweek）高级外交政策记者汤姆·奥康纳专访，围绕即将举行的中美元首北京会晤、台湾问题、伊朗问题、中国内外政策和“十五五”规划纲要、中美贸易、芬太尼问题、中美管控竞争、人工智能、“成为中国人”“极致中国化”文化现象与中美人文交流等回答了提问。5月12日访谈内容在该刊网站刊登，全文如下：

On May 5, 2026, Chinese Ambassador to the United States Xie Feng gave an exclusive interview to Senior Foreign Policy Writer Tom O’Connor from Newsweek on U.S. President Donald Trump’s visit to China and China-U.S. relations, during which Ambassador Xie answered questions on the upcoming summit in Beijing between the two heads of state, the Taiwan question, the Iran issue, China’s domestic and foreign policies and the 15th Five-Year Plan, China-U.S. trade, the fentanyl issue, management of competition between China and the U.S., artificial intelligence, the “Becoming Chinese” and “Chinamaxxing” trends and China-U.S. people-to-people exchanges, and others. The full transcript was published on the Newsweek website on May 12, and reads as follows:

奥康纳：特朗普总统经常公开称赞习近平主席，两国领导人之间的互动如何？特朗普总统计划于5月13日至15日访华，中方对即将举行的中美元首北京会晤有何期待？

Tom O’Connor: How are the interactions between the leaders as President Trump often praises President Xi? As President Trump plans to visit China from May 13 to 15, what expectations does China have for the upcoming summit in Beijing?

谢锋：元首互动为中美关系提供了不可替代的战略引领。习近平主席和特朗普总统相互尊重，保持密切沟通，去年以来5次通话、多次通信，并在韩国釜山成功会晤，为中美关系校正航向，引领两国关系实现总体稳定。特朗普总统多次表达再次访华意愿，习近平主席表示欢迎并发出邀请。双方正抓紧推进有关筹备工作。

Ambassador Xie: Interactions between the heads of state provide irreplaceable strategic guidance for China-U.S. relations. President Xi Jinping and President Donald Trump respect each other, and have maintained close communication. Since last year, the two leaders have spoken on the phone five times and exchanged multiple letters, and held a successful summit in Busan, the Republic of Korea, recalibrating the course of the China-U.S. relationship and steering it toward overall stability. President Trump has expressed his wish to revisit China on multiple occasions. President Xi welcomed this and invited him to visit China again. The two sides are stepping up the preparations.

当前世界动荡加剧，中美关系的战略意义更加凸显，一个稳定、建设性的中美关系不仅符合两国人民根本利益，也是国际社会普遍期待。希望在双方共同努力下，中美元首北京会晤取得成功，为今后一个时期中美关系指明正确发展方向，拉长对话合作清单、推进积极议程，缩短负面问题清单、妥善管控分歧，不仅推动今年中美关系稳定健康可持续发展，而且探索中美相互尊重、和平共处、合作共赢的新时期正确相处之道。

In an increasingly turbulent world, the strategic value of China-U.S. relations becomes more prominent. A stable and constructive China-U.S. relationship not only serves the fundamental interests of both our peoples, but also meets the shared expectation of the international community. It is our hope that with the joint efforts of both sides, the upcoming summit in Beijing will be a successful one, which will chart the right course for the future development of China-U.S. relations, and pave the way for making the list of dialogue and cooperation longer and advancing the positive agenda, while shortening the list of problems and properly managing differences, so that we can not only promote the steady, sound, and sustainable development of bilateral relations this year, but also explore a right way for China and the U.S. to get along in the new era based on mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation.

奥康纳：有消息称中国正从伊朗战争中受益，并在军事上支持伊朗。您对此怎么看？中国在伊朗战争中扮演了什么角色？

Tom O’Connor: Has China, as some alleged, benefited from the war in Iran, or supported Iran militarily? What role has China played in the war so far?

谢锋：对各国人民来说，和平最重要，生命最宝贵，稳定最难得。中国长期奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，一贯反对在国际关系中动辄使用武力。

Ambassador Xie:For people of all countries, peace is paramount, life is most precious, and stability is most needed. China always follows an independent foreign policy of peace, and opposes the arbitrary use of force in international relations.

从伊朗战事第一天起，中方就坚定站在和平一边，致力于劝和促谈、停火止战。习近平主席提出四点主张，呼吁各国坚持和平共处原则、坚持国家主权原则、坚持国际法治原则、坚持统筹发展和安全，为化解中东危机提出中国方案。王毅外长同巴基斯坦外长共同提出五点倡议，为促成美伊谈判贡献力量。中国发挥的公道、负责任、建设性作用受到国际社会广泛赞誉。

From the first day of the fighting, China has steadfastly stood on the side of peace, and has been committed to promoting talks for peace and the cessation of hostilities. President Xi Jinping made four propositions, calling on all parties to stay committed to the principles of peaceful coexistence, national sovereignty and international rule of law, as well as a balanced approach to development and security. This is China’s solution to resolving the crisis in the Middle East. Foreign Minister Wang Yi and Foreign Minister of Pakistan jointly put forward a five-point initiative, facilitating negotiations between the U.S. and Iran. China’s just, responsible, and constructive role has been widely acclaimed by the international community.

但有人唯恐天下还不够乱，炮制“中国受益”“中国军事援伊”等假新闻，目的就是抹黑中国，挑动中美对抗，破坏中美高层互动。这些都是别有用心的虚假信息，各国有识之士应该彻底识破，不信谣不传谣。

Unfortunately, some individuals seem to feel the world is not chaotic enough, and have spread rumors that “China has benefited from the conflict” and that “China is supporting Iran militarily”. Their aim is to smear China, incite confrontation between China and the U.S., and sabotage bilateral high-level interactions. All of this is fake news driven by ulterior motives. We hope that people with discernment around the world will see through these lies and avoid being misled by them, let alone circulating them.

霍尔木兹海峡航道被封锁、国际能源市场被扰乱、全球产供链被冲击，这对中国、对世界都是深重灾难。这场战争本来就不该发生，应该立即停止。中方希望美伊保持谈判势头，支持一切有利于尽快结束战事、恢复和平稳定的努力，将继续为和平不懈奔走。

For China and the rest of the world alike, the blockade of the Strait of Holmuz, the disruption of the international energy market, and the shocks to global industrial and supply chains are a disaster. This is a war that should not have happened, and should be immediately stopped. China hopes the U.S. and Iran will maintain the momentum of negotiation, and we support all efforts that help to bring the fighting to an end and restore peace and stability at an early date. We will continue making unremitting efforts for peace.

奥康纳：近期包括西方国家在内的许多领导人不停访问中国。美国在海外软实力的潜在挫折是否是中国扩大影响力的机遇？

Tom O’Connor: Foreign leaders, including those of Western countries, have been visiting China. Are there potential opportunities for China to capitalize on possible setbacks for US soft power influence abroad?

谢锋：桃李不言，下自成蹊。中国内外政策一以贯之，始终坚持做正确的事情。对内，我们致力于全面推进中国式现代化，集中精力办好自己的事，做更好的自己，让中国人民过上更加美好的生活。对外，我们致力于推动构建人类命运共同体，与各国共同走和平发展之路，共同践行四大全球倡议，共同促进人类社会发展进步。正因如此，越来越多国家视中国为确定性基石和稳定性港湾，认定中国这个伙伴值得交、必须交，中国的“朋友圈”越来越大、越来越红火。

Ambassador Xie: As a Chinese proverb goes, “Peaches and plums do not talk, yet a path is formed beneath them.” China’s domestic and foreign policies are consistent, and we always do the right thing. At home, we are committed to pursuing Chinese modernization on all fronts, focusing on managing our own affairs well, and becoming a better version of ourselves, so that our people can lead a better life. Internationally, we are committed to forging a community with a shared future for humanity, and joining hands with all countries to follow the path of peaceful development, implement the four global initiatives on development, security, civilization, and governance, and advance the development and progress of human society. As a result, a growing number of countries are seeing China as a cornerstone of certainty, a harbor of stability, and a friend worth having. That is why China’s “community of friends” keeps expanding.

今年3月，中国全国两会审议通过了“十五五”规划纲要，不仅擘画了今后5年推进中国式现代化的路线图，而且给世界提供了难得的重大利好。中国连续多年对全球经济增长贡献率超过30%。未来5年，一个继续推进高质量发展、高水平对外开放的中国，将为世界经济注入稳定可期的新动能，为各国发展提供不可多得的新机遇。

In March, the annual “two sessions” of China adopted the 15th Five-Year Plan, which has not only outlined a roadmap for advancing Chinese modernization in the next five years, but also brought rare and major benefits to the world. China has contributed over 30% to global economic growth annually for years. In the next five years, a China that continues to pursue high-quality development and high-standard opening-up will inject steady momentum into the global economy, and provide valuable development opportunities to all.

“十五五”规划同样给中美互利合作带来广阔空间。未来5年，中国市场持续扩大，增值电信、生物技术、外商独资医院等领域开放试点将进一步释放万亿级市场“超级红利”；创新生态好，作为新一轮科技革命和产业变革的最佳应用场景，将为企业提供创意落地的试验场和价值跃升的新高地；营商环境佳，中国将持续打造市场化、法治化、国际化的一流营商环境，让外企在华安心舒心。我们欢迎美国工商界把握历史机遇，与中国携手开创互利共赢的美好未来！

The Plan will also open up vast room for mutually beneficial cooperation between China and the U.S. China has a steadily growing market, a sound ecosystem of innovation, and an enabling business environment. In the next five years, China will further expand opening-up trials for value-added telecom services, biotechnology, wholly foreign-owned hospitals, and other fields, thus further unleashing the enormous benefits of its trillion-yuan-scale market. As a prime arena for the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, China will provide a testing ground for new ideas and a frontier for value growth. China will also continue to foster a first-class business environment that is market-oriented, law-based and internationalized, so that foreign businesses can feel at ease in China. We welcome the American business community to seize the historical opportunities, and work together with China to usher in a brighter future of mutual benefit.

奥康纳：中美去年曾爆发激烈关税战，之后有所稳定。但有观点认为，中美贸易不平衡问题没有得到根本解决，“中国产能过剩”还在加剧。您对此怎么看？

Tom O’Connor: China and the U.S. clashed on tariffs last year. The tensions have lowered over the past months, but some remain concerned that the problem of trade imbalance has yet to be fundamentally resolved, and China’s industrial overcapacity is continuing to increase. What’s your response?

谢锋：历史反复证明，打关税战贸易战只会两败俱伤，损人害己，而且拖累世界。在两国元首引领下，中美经过六轮经贸磋商达成了一系列共识，好不容易把双边经贸关系稳住了，值得珍惜。但这还远远不够，希望美方继续往前走，彻底取消单边关税等限制措施。

Ambassador Xie: History has proven it once and again that a tariff war or trade war produces no winner, damages the interests of both sides, and hurts the whole world. Under the guidance of the two Presidents, China and the U.S. have reached a series of common understandings through six rounds of economic and trade consultations, and have stabilized bilateral economic and trade relations. This has not come easily and should be cherished. But it is still far from enough. We hope the U.S. side will move further ahead, and completely remove the unilateral tariffs and other restrictive measures.

不平衡问题错综复杂，不能以偏概全或断章取义。说到不平衡，既有商品贸易不平衡，也有服务贸易不平衡；既有经常账户不平衡，也有资本账户不平衡，还有不同国家、不同地区之间发展阶段不平衡。片面夸大商品贸易不平衡有失公允。从服务贸易角度看，美国与大多数经济体都存在顺差。在科技前沿领域，按资本市场估值趋势推算，未来10年仅人工智能产业就将为美国带来每年逾万亿美元的服务贸易顺差。从资本账户角度看，美国是全球资本的主要流入地，常年保持巨额顺差。近期在二十国集团相关会议上，已有成员明确指出金融不平衡不应该被忽视。

The issue of imbalance is a highly complex one, and should be viewed from a comprehensive perspective. There are imbalances both in goods trade, and in service trade; imbalances both in the current account, and in the capital account; and also imbalances in the development stages of different countries and regions. Therefore, it would be unfair to stress only imbalances in goods trade. For instance, in terms of trade in services, the U.S. runs a surplus with most economies. In frontier technology sectors, based on capital market valuation trends, the AI industry alone is expected to generate a surplus of over US$1 trillion annually in U.S. services trade over the next decade. In terms of the capital account, the U.S. is also running a huge surplus annually as a primary destination for global capital inflows. At recent G20 meetings, some members already warned that the issue of financial imbalances should not be dismissed.

“中国产能过剩”更是一个伪命题。判断产能是否过剩，国际上通行的核心指标是产能利用率、库存水平和利润率。从中国国内看，今年一季度全国规模以上工业产能利用率为73.6%，库存保持稳定，规模以上工业企业利润同比增长15.5%，各项指标总体处于合理区间。从全球范围看，在关税压力下，去年中国外贸不降反升，货物进出口再创历史新高，恰恰反映出市场对中国产能抑制不住的真实需求。尤其对全球南方国家而言，优质产能不是过剩，而是严重不足，多多益善。在当前全球绿色转型背景下，新能源汽车、锂电池、光伏产品等中国头部产品都是稀缺产能、优质产能，既满足中国需求，也弥补了世界新能源供需缺口，还能为节能减排降碳作出巨大贡献。这种利己利人利大家的产能理应受到欢迎，而不是被质疑、遭打压！

The allegation regarding so-called “China’s industrial overcapacity” is equally untenable. The internationally accepted core metrics for identifying overcapacity are the capacity utilization rate, inventory levels, and profit margins. In China in the first quarter of this year, the capacity utilization rate of industrial enterprises above the designated size nationwide was 73.6%, with inventory levels remaining stable and industrial profits growing 15.5% year-over-year. All the indicators were generally within a reasonable range. Despite tariff pressure, China’s foreign trade expanded last year, with total goods imports and exports reaching a record high, which speaks to the irrepressible demand of the global market for China’s industrial capacity. For Global South countries, in particular, high-quality industrial capacity is not excessive, but in dire scarcity. The more, the better. Amid the global green transition, China’s flagship products such as electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries, and photovoltaic products are all much-needed high-quality industrial goods, which not only meet China’s domestic demand, but also help bridge the global gap between renewable energy supply and demand, and make a significant contribution to energy conservation, emission reduction, and decarbonization. Such industrial output serves the interests of all and should be welcomed, rather than questioned or suppressed.

奥康纳：中方是否对美国继续在政治和军事上支持台湾感到关切？世界秩序的紧张对台湾问题会产生什么影响？

Tom O’Connor: Are there concerns over continued US political and military support for Taiwan? How have tensions in the world order affected the Taiwan situation?

谢锋：世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分，中华人民共和国政府是代表全中国的唯一合法政府。一个中国原则是二战后国际秩序的重要组成部分，是经联大第2758号决议等郑重确认的国际关系基本准则和国际社会普遍共识，更是包括美国在内所有国家与中国建立和发展外交关系的前提和政治基础。坚持体现一个中国原则的“九二共识”、反对“台独”，也是海峡两岸沟通对话的基础、台海和平稳定的定海神针。

Ambassador Xie:There is only one China in the world, Taiwan is an inalienable part of China’s territory, and the Government of the People’s Republic of China is the sole legal government representing the whole of China. The one-China principle as defined above is an integral part of the post-war international order, a basic norm of international relations and a broad international consensus solemnly confirmed by UNGA Resolution 2758 and other international instruments, and also the prerequisite and the political foundation for all countries, including the U.S., to establish and develop diplomatic relations with China. Adhering to the 1992 Consensus that embodies the one-China principle and opposing “Taiwan independence” is the foundation for cross-Strait communication and dialogue, and the anchor of peace and stability in the Strait.

美方在“中美建交公报”中明确承诺：“美利坚合众国承认中华人民共和国政府是中国的唯一合法政府。在此范围内，美国人民将同台湾人民保持文化、商务和其他非官方关系”。中方理所当然反对美台任何形式的官方往来和军事勾连。换位思考，如果美国某州闹“独立”，外国不顾美国联邦政府强烈反对执意向该州出售武器，还派领导人往访站台撑腰，美国人民能接受吗？！林肯总统曾说，“分裂之家不能持久”，他为了维护美国统一不惜一战。相信曾面临南北分裂危险、经历过内战的美国人民能够理解中方维护国家统一的意志和决心。

In the Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between China and the U.S., the U.S. side pledged that “The United States of America recognizes the Government of the People’s Republic of China as the sole legal Government of China. Within this context, the people of the United States will maintain cultural, commercial, and other unofficial relations with the people of Taiwan.” It is only natural that China should oppose any form of official interactions or military contacts between the U.S. and Taiwan. Just imagine: if a foreign country sold weapons to a U.S. state seeking “independence”, and even sent a leader to visit the state to show support regardless of the U.S. federal government’s strong opposition, could the American people accept it? President Abraham Lincoln stated that “A house divided against itself cannot stand”, and chose to fight to keep the country united. I believe the American people, who faced the danger of division and had a civil war in history, can understand China’s will and determination to safeguard national unity.  

前不久，习近平总书记会见中国国民党主席郑丽文并发表重要讲话，提出坚持以正确认同促进心灵契合，以和平发展守护共同家园、以交流融合增进民生福祉、以团结奋斗实现中华民族伟大复兴，为新形势下推动两岸关系和平发展指明方向。随后，大陆发布了十项促进两岸交流合作的政策措施。这再次证明：两岸中国人完全有智慧、有能力解决好自己的事情，只要认同两岸同属一个中国，反对“台独”，我们同台湾各界加强交流对话不存在任何障碍，台海乃至亚太地区的和平稳定也不会有任何问题。

Last month, General Secretary Xi Jinping met with Cheng Li-wun, chairwoman of the Chinese Kuomintang (KMT) party, and made important remarks, calling for fostering heart-to-heart connection on the basis of correct identity, safeguarding the common homeland through peaceful development, improving public well-being through exchanges and closer ties, and striving together for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. This has set the direction for the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations in the new situation. Following the meeting, the Chinese mainland announced ten policies and measures to boost cross-Strait exchanges and cooperation. This has proven once again that, the Chinese people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait have sufficient wisdom and capability to handle our own affairs properly, and as long as it is recognized that both sides of the Taiwan Strait belong to one China and that “Taiwan independence” should be opposed, there will be no obstacle to enhancing exchanges and dialogue between the mainland and various communities in Taiwan, and there will be no problem with peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait and the Asia-Pacific.

我们敦促美方以实际行动恪守一中原则和中美三个联合公报，早日作出正确抉择，彻底搬除台湾问题这个影响中美关系发展的最大障碍，甩掉这个可能将中美拖入对抗冲突的包袱，为中美关系发展开辟更广阔空间。

We urge the U.S. side to commit to the one-China principle and the three Sino-U.S. Joint Communiqués with concrete actions, make the right choice as early as possible, fundamentally remove the biggest obstacle to China-U.S. relations, which is the Taiwan question, a burden that risks dragging our two countries into confrontation and conflict, and open up broader room for developing bilateral ties.

奥康纳：中国如何看待美国将芬太尼列为“大规模杀伤性武器”以及对中国芬太尼前体流通的指责？

Tom O’Connor: How does China view the US designation of fentanyl as a “weapon of mass destruction” and accusations toward China regarding the flow of fentanyl precursors?

谢锋：毒品是人类社会的公害。作为历史上鸦片毒品最大受害者，中国人民对美国民众的“芬太尼之痛”感同身受。解决毒品问题必须减需减供并举、国内治理和国际合作并重，双管齐下才能标本兼治。

Ambassador Xie:Illegal drugs are a common enemy of humanity. As the biggest victim of opium in history, the Chinese people feel for the American public suffering from fentanyl abuse. To tackle the drug problem, it is important to reduce both the demand and the supply, and enhance domestic governance while conducting international cooperation, so as to address both the symptoms and the root causes.

美国芬太尼危机不是中国造成的，但我们始终从人道主义和中美友好大局出发，以最大善意，尽最大努力提供协助。应美方请求，中方于2019年在全球率先整类列管芬太尼类物质。2023年中美元首旧金山会晤后，两国成立并启动了禁毒合作工作组，在物质列管、案件合作、技术交流、多边合作、网络广告信息清理等领域开展了合作。中美元首釜山会晤以来，中方不折不扣落实双方共识，包括对13种芬太尼前体化学品实施对北美出口管控、发布公告警示企业和个人防范合法化学品和设备被用于非法制毒、开展全国专项行动打击化学品贩运等，并同美方联合侦办涉毒洗钱、毒品走私等重要案件，双方合作成效有目共睹。

The fentanyl crisis in the U.S. was not created by China. But out of the humanitarian spirit and for the sake of China-U.S. friendship, we have been doing our utmost to provide assistance with the greatest goodwill. At the request of the U.S. side, China scheduled fentanyl-related substances as a whole class as early as in 2019, the first country to do so in the world. After the San Francisco summit between the two heads of state in 2023, our two countries launched a Counternarcotics Working Group, and carried out cooperation in areas including substance scheduling, joint handling of cases, technological exchanges, multilateral cooperation, and removal of online ads. Since the Busan summit in 2025, China has been faithfully implementing the common understandings reached by both sides, including tightening export controls on 13 fentanyl precursor chemicals to North America, issuing a circular warning businesses and individuals to prevent legal chemicals and equipment from being diverted to illicit drug production, and launching a nationwide campaign to crack down on chemical trafficking. We also conducted joint investigations with the U.S. side into major cases involving drug-related money laundering and drug smuggling. The cooperation between the two sides has achieved notable progress.

美国本届政府在应对芬太尼问题上加大立法、执法和管控力度，美国芬太尼致死人数下降了37.5%，中国也为此作出了重要积极贡献。今年以来，《科学》《外交事务》等美国权威杂志刊文指出，中国针对芬太尼前体等系列管控措施，是美吸毒致死人数显著下降的重要原因。美方应该领情认账，珍视中方善意，公正看待双方合作成效，停止在芬太尼问题上甩锅推责，不得加征“芬太尼关税”的替代性关税，尽快将中国移出所谓“主要毒品来源国”清单，在相互尊重、平等互利基础上，推进中美在禁毒等执法领域合作。

The current U.S. administration has strengthened legislation, law enforcement and regulatory control to combat fentanyl. The number of fentanyl-involved deaths in the U.S. has fallen by 37.5%. China also made important and positive contributions to this. Articles in the Science journal and the Foreign Affairs magazine this year pointed out that China’s efforts to tighten control over fentanyl precursors have been an important factor contributing to the significant decline in drug overdose deaths in the U.S. We hope the U.S. side will appreciate and cherish China’s goodwill, view our cooperation outcomes in a just manner, stop shifting the blame for the fentanyl issue, avoid imposing alternative tariffs as substitutes for fentanyl-related tariffs, remove China from the list of so-called “major drug source countries” as soon as possible, and advance bilateral cooperation in counternarcotics and other law enforcement areas based on mutual respect, equality, and mutual benefit.

奥康纳：民主、共和两党有不少人认为，竞争是中美关系的本质。美国人将竞争视为前进的动力，但也有人担忧中美能否有效管控竞争，避免对抗。您对此怎么看？

Tom O’Connor: Many Democrats and Republicans alike believe the China-US relationship is essentially defined by competition. While competition is viewed by many here in the US as a vehicle for progress, there have been real concerns about the ability of the two nations properly managing this competition in order to avoid confrontation. What’s your take on this?

谢锋：中美在经贸等领域确实存在竞争，中方并不回避。我们认为，竞争应该是公平、公正的，应该讲规矩、守规则，不能搞双重标准，不能自己占优时鼓吹“自由贸易”、别人领先后便强调“公平贸易”，更不能人为设限、靠捆绑他人手脚获得所谓竞争优势。二战后，国际社会在贸易等领域形成了一系列行之有效的规则、制度、机制，这是世界经济平稳运行、持续增长，各国利益得到兼顾、实现平衡的基础，不能搞本国优先，合则用、不合则弃，否则人类社会将坠入丛林法则的深渊。

Ambassador Xie: Indeed, China and the U.S. have competition in areas such as economy and trade. We never shy away from this. Meanwhile, we believe that in competition, the playing field should be level, and the rules should be observed. One should not apply double standards, for example, extolling “free trade” when they are competitive yet stressing “fair trade” when outcompeted. Still less should one seek an unfair advantage by imposing restrictions on others or tying their hands. Since World War II, the international community has established a number of rules, systems, and mechanisms in trade and other sectors, which have proven effective. They form the foundation for the stability and sustained growth of the global economy, and ensure that the interests of all countries are accommodated in a balanced manner. No country should put itself above everyone else and apply the rules selectively. Otherwise, human society could risk slipping back into a jungle.

说到底，我们要开展的是相互激励、共同提高的“田径赛”，要摒弃的是零和博弈、你死我活的“拳击赛”。前不久，我去印第安纳州“走基层”，参访了一家上世纪70年代就进入中国市场的美国知名企业。刚开始，该美企在中国市场占据绝对优势，基本上没有竞争对手，“躺着”就能赚钱，直到近年中国企业、中国产品竞争力迅速提升。但这家美企直面挑战，变压力为动力，没有退出市场，而是创新思路，选择将第二大技术研发中心设在中国，与中国合作伙伴强强联手，将自身的技术创新与中国的巨大市场、完善产业链和丰富科技人才储备结合起来。

Ultimately, competition should not be a zero-sum boxing match, but a track-and-field race toward mutual excellence. Last month, I made a trip to the State of Indiana, during which I visited a renowned American enterprise that entered the Chinese market as early as in the 1970s. At the start, with absolute advantage in the Chinese market and basically no competitor, the company could make money almost effortlessly. In recent years, though, its Chinese peers are rapidly rising, producing highly competitive products. But instead of exiting the market under pressure, the company has chosen to confront the challenge head-on, think outside the box, and set up its second-largest R&D center in China. In this way, it is able to collaborate with its Chinese partners, and combine its strength in technological innovation with China’s huge market, fully-fledged industrial chains, and deep pool of tech talent.

这一正确抉择成效显著，不仅让该企业在2025年美国市场营收下降40%的背景下，实现在华营收10%的逆势增长，而且在中国合作伙伴引荐下，共同将业务拓展到了其他发展中国家，产品远销世界各地，做到“1+1>2”，实现“在中国、为中美、为世界”的宏大愿景，让全球消费者享受到最优质的产品、最优惠的价格、最高效的服务，走出了一条“中美双赢、世界共赢”的新路径。

The choice has proven wise. It has enabled the company not only to achieve 10% revenue growth in China while its U.S. revenue fell 40% last year, but also to expand its business to other developing countries and sell its products globally with its Chinese partners serving as a bridge. Therefore, it has achieved a “1+1>2” effect, serving China, the U.S. and the world with its presence in China, and also providing quality products and efficient services to global consumers at affordable prices, thus finding a new pathway in which both China and the U.S. win, and the world as a whole benefits.

中美可以比一比、赛一赛，看谁能为世界提供更多的公共产品，谁能为发展中国家减贫脱贫、世界经济持续普惠发展作出更大贡献，这样的中美竞争才是各方期待的。

Let our two countries compete to offer more public goods to the world, to better help developing nations reduce and eliminate poverty, and to contribute more to the sustained and inclusive development of the global economy. This is the kind of competition all parties wish to see.

奥康纳：人工智能技术正呈现爆炸式发展，中美是领跑人工智能赛道的两个国家，国际社会高度关注，很多人呼吁中美加强人工智能合作。您如何看中美在人工智能领域的互动前景，双方是合作、竞争、还是对抗？

Tom O’Connor: With the explosive growth in AI technology, many in the international community are expecting China and the US, two leaders in the sector, to strengthen cooperation. What scenarios do you foresee for China-US AI interactions: cooperation, competition, or confrontation?

谢锋：人工智能引领新一轮科技革命和产业变革，正在深刻改变人类生产生活方式，同时也带来前所未有的风险挑战。2023年我抵美履新后同基辛格博士7次深入交流，每次必谈人工智能问题。在两国元首大力支持下，博士牵头两国业界人士启动中美人工智能二轨对话，中美还开展了两轮人工智能政府间对话。

Ambassador Xie:Artificial intelligence (AI) is leading the new wave of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. While profoundly reshaping the ways humans work and live, it has also brought unprecedented risks and challenges. After my arrival in the U.S. in 2023, I had seven in-depth discussions with Dr. Henry Kissinger. The AI issue was one of the topics every time. With the strong support of our heads of state, Dr. Kissinger initiated China-U.S. Track II dialogue on AI together with experts from both countries, and two rounds of intergovernmental dialogue on AI have also been held.

中国人工智能的竞争力不是天上掉下来的，而是从中国制度、市场、产业、人才四大优势中孕育，靠中国人民的聪明才智和艰苦奋斗干出来的。中国已成为全球人工智能专利最大拥有国、全球智能化转型的重要引擎。继Seedance2.0视频生成模型“全球刷屏”、MiniMax全模态大模型“全面覆盖”之后，DeepSeek-V4再次实现“全能进化”，中国“十五五”时期人工智能将赋能千行百业，惠及千家万户。

China’s competitiveness in AI does not come out of nowhere; it is grounded in China’s strengths in system, market, industry, and talent pool, and rooted in the wisdom and hard work of the Chinese people. Today, China has become the world’s largest holder of AI patents and an important engine driving the global intelligent transformation. Following Seedance 2.0’s global viral success in video generation and MiniMax’s Full-Stack Model Matrix, DeepSeek-V4 has arrived with a comprehensive upgrade. During China’s 15th Five-Year Plan period, AI will empower industries across the board and benefit households nationwide.

中国主张人工智能普惠向善发展，反对人工智能成为个别国家、少数富人的游戏。早在2023年，习近平主席就提出《全球人工智能治理倡议》，中方还倡议成立世界人工智能合作组织，提出“人工智能+”国际合作倡议，连续8年在上海举行世界人工智能大会，今年大会将于7月举行。

China advocates AI for good and for all, and opposes turning AI into a game of only a few countries and the wealthy. In 2023, President Xi Jinping put forth the Global AI Governance Initiative. China has also proposed establishing a world AI cooperation organization, launched the AI+ International Cooperation Initiative, and held the World Artificial Intelligence Conference in Shanghai for eight years in a row, the latest edition of which will be held in July.

作为全球领先的人工智能大国，中美在人工智能领域存在竞争是自然的，但应良性竞争，发展与安全并重，先装好刹车再上路，还要通过合作共同展现大国担当。世界不希望看到“人工智能铁幕”、搞“人工智能圈地”，更反对开打“人工智能版星球大战”。中美就人工智能开展协调，关乎两国未来和人类命运，期待美方同中方相向而行，加强对话、管理竞争、开展合作，让人工智能成为中美合作的新疆域、人类进步的新阶梯。

It is only natural that China and the U.S., as leading countries in AI, should compete in the sector. But the two sides should engage in a race to the top, put equal emphasis on development and security, check brakes before setting off, and live up to our responsibilities as major countries through cooperation. The world does not want to see an “iron curtain” in AI, nor attempts at technological enclosure, let alone a Star Wars-style rivalry in AI. China-U.S. coordination on AI bears on the future of both our countries and the entire humanity. We hope the U.S. side will work with us in the same direction, to enhance dialogue, manage competition, and conduct cooperation, so that AI will become a new frontier for China-U.S. cooperation and a new ladder for human progress.

奥康纳：您是否了解“成为中国人”和“极致中国化”现象，西方民众越来越将中国文化视为一种时尚，这对中美民间交流意味着什么？

Tom O’Connor: Are you aware of the “Becoming Chinese” and “Chinamaxxing” trends involving Western users adopting Chinese culture as fashionable? What does this mean for China-U.S. people-to-people interactions and relations? 

谢锋：无论是去年底流行的“成为中国人”还是今年涌现的“极致中国化”，都反映出中美两国人民的双向奔赴。习近平主席指出，中美关系希望在人民，基础在民间，未来在青年，活力在地方。2023年习主席提出的“5年5万”倡议极大促进两国民众交流。去年以来，美涉华民意五年来首次正向反弹。芝加哥全球事务委员会民调显示，53%的美国人支持对华合作与接触。皮尤最新民调显示，对中国持正面看法的美国民众3年几乎翻了一倍。中美人民相知相近的愿望不可阻挡。

Ambassador Xie: Both the “Becoming Chinese” trend that emerged at the end of last year and “Chinamaxxing” this year reflect the growing eagerness of our two peoples to reach out to one another. President Xi Jinping pointed out that the hope of the China-U.S. relationship lies in the people, its foundation is in our societies, its future depends on the youth, and its vitality comes from exchanges at subnational levels. The “50,000 in five years” initiative announced by President Xi in 2023 to invite 50,000 young Americans to China on exchange and study programs in five years has significantly boosted interactions between our peoples. Since last year, we have witnessed a positive rebound in U.S. public opinion toward China for the first time in five years, and a poll by the Chicago Council on Global Affairs showed that 53% of Americans favor friendly cooperation and engagement with China. According to a latest Pew Research Center survey, the proportion of Americans having a positive opinion of China has nearly doubled since 2023. The desire of our two peoples to build closer ties is simply unstoppable.

事实上，“极致中国化”有历史原型。早在1000多年前，中国唐朝就出现了“万国衣冠会长安”的盛况，300多个国家的使臣、商队、学者来华生活、学习、工作，书写了中外交融、东西荟萃的历史佳话。今天，Z世代在互联网上分享喝热水的奇妙感受，交流在中国外卖秒达、手机即付的超值体验。一粥一饭间的“烟火中国”，一屏一码里的“现代中国”，都承载着年轻人对生活的热爱、对文化沟通的向往。这样的文化交流温暖、鲜活、饱含生命力。

In fact, this is not the first time “Chinamaxxing” has occurred. As early as over 1,000 years ago, envoys, caravans, and scholars from more than 300 countries traveled to Chang’an, the capital of China’s Tang Dynasty, to live, study, and work there, writing an epic chapter of history in which diverse cultures met, blended, and resonated in perfect harmony. Today, Generation Z are sharing online their fascinating experience of drinking hot water, and marveling at speedy food delivery and efficient mobile payments in China. In admiring everyday joys of modern China, young people are expressing their love for life and their interest in learning more about each other’s cultures. It is really heartwarming to see such vibrant cultural exchanges happening.

前不久，中国驻美使馆再次举办“使馆开放日”活动，参观的美民众络绎不绝、摩肩接踵。有的意犹未尽，向使馆“抱怨”：开放一天时间太短，体验项目没玩够，希望使馆每天都开放。使馆难以每天搞开放日活动，但中国大门24小时常开。我们欢迎更多美国学生到中国学习，也欢迎更多美国民众用好中国240小时过境免签政策、在线签证申办等政策利好，“打卡中国”“畅游中国”！

Earlier this month, our Embassy hosted an Open House again, which attracted over 7,000 American visitors. Some of them complained to us that, one day is far from enough to experience the rich program, and they wish the Embassy could open its doors every day. While this is challenging, the doors of our country are open 24 hours a day. We welcome more American students to study in China, and more American people to take advantage of our 240-hour visa-free transit policy and online visa application system to travel to China and have a wonderful journey.

中美人文交流的潜力有待进一步释放。希望美方尽快解决中国公民赴美“签证难”“入境难”问题，停止对中国赴美人员采取选择性、歧视性措施，进一步增加中美直航航班，共同为中美人民双向奔赴铺设顺畅高效的“快车道”。

At the same time, the potential of China-U.S. people-to-people exchanges is yet to be fully unlocked. We hope the U.S. side will remove bottlenecks in visa application and border entry for Chinese citizens as soon as possible, stop taking selective and discriminatory measures toward Chinese visitors, and further increase direct flights, so that together we can open up a fast track for two-way engagement between our peoples.