袭艳春:

Xi Yanchun:

记者朋友们，下午好！欢迎大家出席国务院新闻办在湖北武汉举行的新闻发布会。今天我们请来了中央指导组成员、国家卫生健康委主任马晓伟先生，中央指导组成员、国家卫生健康委副主任于学军先生，国家卫生健康委新冠肺炎疫情应对处置工作专家组组长梁万年先生，国家卫生健康委医政医管局副局长焦雅辉女士，请他们向大家介绍中央指导组指导组织疫情防控和医疗救治工作的进展，并回答大家的提问。

Friends from the media, good afternoon. Welcome to the press conference held by the State Council Information Office in Wuhan, Hubei province. Today, we have invited Mr. Ma Xiaowei, a member of the Central Guidance Team in Hubei, and minister of the National Health Commission (NHC); Mr. Yu Xuejun, a member of the Central Guidance Team in Hubei, and vice-minister of the NHC; Mr. Liang Wannian, head of the Chinese Expert Panel on COVID-19 Outbreak Response and Disposal of the NHC; and Ms. Jiao Yahui, deputy director of the Bureau of Medical Administration of the NHC. They will introduce the progress being made by the Central Guidance Team in organizing and guiding works related to epidemic control and medical rescue. Later, they will answer your questions.

首先请马晓伟先生作介绍，有请。

First, I'll give the floor to Mr. Ma Xiaowei.

马晓伟:

Ma Xiaowei:

各位媒体朋友，大家好！这次新冠肺炎疫情是新中国成立以来传播速度最快、感染范围最广、防控难度最大的一次重大突发公共卫生事件。党中央高度重视，习近平总书记亲自领导、亲自指挥、亲自部署了这场斗争，李克强总理亲赴武汉考察指导疫区的防控工作。受习近平总书记和党中央的委派，孙春兰副总理1月27日率中央指导组驻扎武汉，坚决落实党中央的决策部署，将防控疫情、救治患者作为头等大事，深入研究疫情，科学作出研判，围绕提高“收治率、治愈率”，降低“感染率、病亡率”目标，做出防控和救治工作的重大决策、重大部署，全面有力地指导、组织和推动湖北省、武汉市加强防控工作，使疫情防控形势逐渐呈现积极向好态势，并不断拓展。

Friends from the media, good afternoon. The COVID-19 outbreak is a major public health emergency recognized as having spread fastest, caused the most extensive infection and proved the hardest to contain since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has attached great importance to the situation. General Secretary Xi Jinping is personally leading, commanding and deploying all available forces in the battle against COVID-19 outbreak. Premier Li Keqiang has inspected the control and prevention work in Wuhan. Entrusted by General Secretary Xi Jinping and the CPC Central Committee, Vice Premier Sun Chunlan has been leading the Central Guidance Team in Wuhan since Jan. 27 to resolutely implement the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee, giving top priority to epidemic prevention and control and medical treatment for everyone who becomes ill. The Central Guidance Team has conducted in-depth analysis and research accordingly throughout the decision-making process. Based on the goal of improving patient admission and recovery rates, as well as reducing infection and mortality rates, the Central Guidance Team in Hubei has made important decisions and deployments in this regard, providing strong and comprehensive guidance in regard to the prevention and control work in Wuhan city and Hubei province in general, which is now showing a growing positive trend.　　

为了解决疫情的社区传播问题，我们督促开展社区排查，提高核酸检测能力。中央指导组督促武汉市开展确诊患者、疑似患者、一般发热患者和密切接触者“四类人员”拉网式排查，从中国疾病控制中心和全国各地疾控机构选派近千人支援武汉，开展流调和防控工作，派出13个专家组蹲点指导、快速评估。发挥国家、地方和第三方机构力量，调派3个移动P3实验室，组织各地疾控机构、实验室检测人员指导湖北各市县检测工作，培训人员，加强质控，将核酸检测能力从每天300人份提高到2万人份，使从采样送检到反馈结果的时间从2天缩短到4-6小时，做到“应检尽检，即送即检”。

In order to deal with the spread of the virus among all the communities, the Central Guidance Team urged the local authorities to carry out community-based screening and improve the capacity of the nucleic acid test for confirming the illness. Four categories of people are involved in the screening, including confirmed COVID-19 patients, suspected ones, people who have had close contact with the former two, and patients with common fever. Almost 1,000 personnel from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and relevant institutions across the country have been sent to Wuhan to conduct epidemiological investigation and carry out disease prevention and control. A total of 13 expert panels have been established on-site in Wuhan to provide guidance and conduct quick assessment accordingly. With the support from the central government, local authorities and the third-party institutions, three mobile P3 laboratories were also dispatched to the epicenter. We have organized personnel from relevant institutions and laboratories across China to provide guidance for efficiently carrying out the nucleic acid test in various cities and counties in Hubei province, carried out personnel training and strengthened quality control work. All of these activities have greatly enhanced the capacity of carrying out the nucleic acid test. The number of tests conducted per day have increased from 300 to 20,000; and instead of two days, now it only takes 4 to 6 hours to get the results. All those in need of nucleic acid test will be tested immediately.　　

为了解决患者“收治难”问题，我们千方百计增加床位供给。指导武汉市改造扩容定点医院，一个月内就将新冠肺炎收治床位从5000多张增加到23000张，其中重症床位达到9000张。在武汉市区各级政府的努力下，将一批体育馆、会展中心、培训中心等改造成方舱医院和隔离收治场所，新建16家方舱医院。目前开放床位13000多张，现在每天治愈出院人数大大超过新增病例数。

In order to ensure there is no delay in the treatment of any patient, we have made all-round efforts to increase the number of hospital beds. We have guided the local government to transform and expand a range of designated hospitals in Wuhan for this special purpose. Within the space of a single month, hospital beds for COVID-19 patients have been increased from some 5,000 to more than 23,000, among which more than 9,000 were prepared for severely-ill patients. Thanks to the efforts of Wuhan local governments at all levels, a batch of gymnasiums, exhibition centers and training centers have been transformed into Fangcang shelter hospitals and quarantine spots, and an additional 16 of the former have now been built. At present, more than 13,000 hospital beds are available in the city, and the daily number of newly-cured and discharged novel coronavirus patients has far surpassed that of new infections.　　

为了解决医务人员和医疗物资紧缺问题，我们从全国统筹调配资源。疫情发生以来，湖北累计确诊病例近66000人，其中有相当比例的重症患者，这大大超出了湖北的日常医疗服务能力。由于都是传染病患者，不能采取伤员向外地转运的办法，全国分担医疗压力的做法不能适用。我们就从全国调派优秀医务人员驰援湖北。目前，各地共选派330多支医疗队、超过4万名医务人员，其中，重症医学科、感染科、呼吸科、循环内科和麻醉科等专业人员就达到了15000多人，可以说是尽锐出征、专家云集。针对一度出现的医疗设备和物资紧张问题，我们加紧协调保障需求，同时要求各派出医院克服困难，尽最大的努力，募集呼吸机、人工膜肺、医用防护服等医疗设备和用品支援前方。特别是国家救援队，在支援武汉的前一星期左右，大部分医疗物资都是由后方医院支持的，这样就保证了医疗队能够到达目的地立即开展医疗工作，争分夺秒救治病人。

In order to address the shortage of medical personnel and medical supplies, we have coordinated and allocated various resources from across the country. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, a total of nearly 66,000 cases have been confirmed in Hubei province, with a significant proportion of them deemed to be severe cases, which was far beyond the normal capacity of local medical services. Since the novel coronavirus is highly infectious, we can't transfer the patients to other places to help ease local pressure at source. Therefore, we have sent thousands of excellent medical personnel from all over the country to assist the efforts in Hubei. At present, more than 40,000 medical personnel formed into 330 medical teams have been transferred to the province, among them over 15,000 being professionals in departments of critical care medicine, infectious disease, respiratory medicine, circulatory medicine and anesthesiology. To address the shortage of medical equipment and supplies that existed at one time, hospitals sending medical teams to Hubei were also asked to collect medical equipment and materials including ventilators, artificial lungs and medical protective suits to support those fighting against the epidemic on the frontline. One week ahead of the national emergency medical rescue teams arriving in Wuhan, most of the medical supplies supported by their hospitals had already been transferred. This meant the rescue teams could immediately treat patients upon their arrival. This was vital because, for all the patients, every minute counts.　　

为了解决病亡率偏高问题，我们进一步落实“四集中”原则，突出加强重症救治。在武汉，国家医疗队整建制地接管病房，采取“以院包科”、“以省包科”等模式，将重症收治床位扩展到9000张，累计收治重症、危重症患者7000多人。组建院士巡诊团队，成立联合专家组，6次修订优化救治方案，落实专家会诊、24小时报病危、死亡病例讨论、重症巡诊等制度，组织插管小分队，推广中医药临床使用。通过上述这些措施，目前定点医院收治的重症患者转归为治愈的占比从14%提高到了64%。全国累计治愈的出院患者已经超过36000人。

In order to lower the mortality rate, we have further implemented the principle of "four concentration", namely concentration of patients, specialists, resources and treatment, and strengthened our efforts to cure severely-ill patients. In Wuhan, the national medical teams have adopted a model of overall takeover, with assisting medics from the same provincial region or the same hospital taking charge of one specific department of local hospitals. The hospital beds for severe cases have been increased to 9,000, and more than 7,000 severely-ill and critical patients have been received and treated. We have set up ward inspection teams consisting of academicians and joint expert groups, revised the treatment plan six times, and implemented the system of expert consultation at all times, 24-hour reporting of critical cases, discussion of the reasons for any fatal cases, and constant ward inspection for severely-ill cases. We also organized intubation teams to carry out tracheal intubation for severely-ill patients, and promoted the clinical use of traditional Chinese medicine. In doing so, the recovery rate of severely-ill and critical patients has risen to 64% from 14% in designated hospitals, and a total of more than 36,000 patients have been discharged from hospitals after recovery all over the country.　　

经过艰苦努力，全国疫情防控形势呈现总体平稳、稳中向好的态势。中国-世界卫生组织联合专家组认为，中国采取了前所未有的公共卫生应对措施，在减缓疫情扩散蔓延、阻断病毒的人际传播方面取得了明显的效果。

Thanks to these arduous efforts, the situation of the epidemic prevention and control in the country is moving in a positive direction while maintaining overall stability. According to the China-WHO joint expert team, China's unprecedented public health responses to the COVID-19 outbreak have yielded notable results in blocking human-to-human transmission of the virus, preventing or at least delaying hundreds of thousands of cases.　　

近日，党中央从经济社会发展全局和改革发展稳定大局出发，做出统筹疫情防控与经济社会发展的重大决策，国务院作出了具体部署。随着疫情防控从“静态管理”向“动态管理”转变，从“全国统一要求”向“分区分类”转变，从“社会防控”向“精准防控”转变，这对卫生健康系统提出了更高的要求。我们深知，当前疫情防控成效来之不易，形势严峻复杂，随着复工复产复学、返程人员流动，疫情存在反弹风险，一些地方已经出现聚集性病例，我们绝不可以有侥幸心理、松劲心态。我们深知，医务人员必须牢牢守住湖北、武汉等决战决胜之地。“中国虽大，我们决不能后退一步”，要像钉子一样钉在这里，扼住病魔的咽喉。因为湖北、武汉的背后是14亿中国人民，是75亿全世界易感人群，维护人民健康、增进人类福祉是医务工作者的天职。

Recently, the CPC Central Committee, bearing in mind the overall situation of economic and social development and the overall situation of reforms, development and stability, has made major decisions to coordinate the prevention and control of the epidemic with economic and social development. The State Council has made specific arrangements. With the transformation of epidemic prevention and control from "static management" to "dynamic management", from "national unified requirements" to "regional classification", from "social prevention and control" to "precise prevention and control", higher requirements have been put forward for the health system. We are fully aware that the current achievements in epidemic prevention and control have not come easily, and the situation remains grim and complex. With the resumption of production, reopening of schools and movement of people returning to their place of residence, there is a risk of a rebound of the epidemic. Some places have already seen a cluster of cases, meaning we should not take any chances or relax mentally. We know full well that our medical personnel must firmly defend Hubei, especially Wuhan, as the decisive focus. "Although China is a large country, we must not take a step back." Because, behind Hubei and Wuhan stand 1.4 billion Chinese people and 7.5 billion vulnerable people throughout the rest of the world, and it is the duty of medical workers to safeguard people's health and improve human welfare.　

下一步，中央指导组要按照习近平总书记的要求，继续紧紧扭住城乡社区防控和患者救治两个关键。在疫情防控方面，要指导各地依法依规提出动态调整应急响应级别的建议。对武汉市、湖北省、北京市、相关重点省份、以及全国采取分区分级差异化的防控策略。要按照第五版《防控方案》要求，明确低风险、中风险、高风险疫情县的防控措施。对落实“四早”，提出实化细化精确化要求，编制实施方案。进一步压实企事业单位、学校等主体责任，修订完善重点人群、重点场所和重点单位防控方案，为有序复工复产复学提供技术保障。

As the next step, the central guidance group will continue to focus on epidemic prevention and control in urban and rural communities and treatment of patients in accordance with General Secretary Xi Jinping's requirements. In terms of epidemic prevention and control, we should guide local governments to put forward suggestions on the best ways to dynamically adjust emergency response levels in accordance with the law and regulations. Different prevention and control strategies should be adopted in different regions, like Wuhan, Hubei Province, Beijing, some key provinces, as well as the whole country. In accordance with the requirements of the fifth edition of the prevention and control plan, different measures should be clarified for low-risk, medium-risk and high-risk epidemic counties. For the implementation of the circular issued by the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council, specific and precise arrangements are needed to further consolidate responsibilities of enterprises, public institutions and schools, revise and improve the prevention and control plans for key groups, places and institutions, and provide technical support for orderly resumption of work, production and reopening of schools.　

在医疗救治方面，要确保新增、新发现病例“日清日结”，继续优化医疗设备资源，安排好19个省份“以省包市”对口支援工作。重视轻症患者治疗，及时阻断向重症发展的途径。对重症患者治疗，要坚持“四个结合”，即基础医学与临床实践相结合、前方临床救治与后方多学科支持相结合，医疗与护理相结合，医疗与管理相结合，力争对每位病人的救治都能够体现出我国各临床重点学科的技术优势，体现出中国水平。

In terms of medical treatment, we need to ensure that newly-discovered cases are treated without delay on a daily basis, continue to optimize medical equipment and resources, and make arrangements for pairing assistance from 19 provinces. We should pay attention to the treatment of mild cases and block the way to severe cases in a timely way. For treatment of patients with severe conditions, we should adhere to the "four combinations", namely, combing preclinical medicine with clinical practice, combining clinical treatment with multi-disciplinary support, combing medical treatment with nursing care, as well as combing medical treatment with management. We should fully leverage the technical advantages of various clinical key disciplines in our country for each patient treatment.

谢谢大家！

Thank you.

袭艳春:

Xi Yanchun:

感谢马晓伟主任，下面我们就进入答问环节，今天还是采用视频连线的方式进行提问，提问前请通报一下所在的新闻机构。请提问。

Thank you, Mr. Ma. Now, let's move onto the question and answer section. Reporters can ask questions by video link. Please identify your news organization before asking questions.

新华社记者:

Xinhua News Agency:

从官方公布的数据来看，湖北省特别是武汉市重症患者仍然比较多，请问在重症救治方面采取了哪些措施，从而降低病亡率的？谢谢。

Official data shows that there are still a large number of severe cases of novel coronavirus infection in Hubei province, especially in Wuhan. What measures have been taken to treat severe patients so that the mortality rate is reduced? Thank you.

马晓伟:

Ma Xiaowei:

这次新冠肺炎同“非典”相比，病毒的传播力更强，多数病例症状较轻，但少数病例病人症状危重，累及心脏等多个脏器，死亡病例多数有严重的基础性疾病，如心脏病、晚期癌症、肾功能衰竭等。也有部分年轻患者病程凶险，进展很快，救治难度大。尽管医学界对这种疾病的治病、发展、转归的机理还了解不深，但病毒对机体的损害仍然符合已知的病理生理学规律。加强内科救治，提高基础医疗质量，始终是救治工作的基本要求。

Compared with SARS, the new coronavirus spreads faster. Most infected people show mild symptoms, while a small number of people are in a critical condition, with the heart and other organs affected. Among the fatalities, most people have serious underlying diseases, including heart disease, terminal cancer and kidney failure. There are also some young patients whose diseases developed rapidly, hence increasing the difficulty of treatment. Although the medical community lacks knowledge about the treatment of the disease, as well as the mechanism of its development and outcome, the viral damage to the body is consistent with the known pathophysiological process. Enhancing medical treatment and improving the quality of basic medical care are always the essential requirement for us.　　

为了降低病亡率，提高治愈率，我们采取了“四集中”的办法，即“集中患者、集中专家、集中资源、集中救治”。在武汉市，确定了十余家收治重症、危重症患者的定点医院，床位达到9000多张。这些重症医院集中了全国90多支国家级、省级的医疗队，约有13000名高水平的医务人员，与当地医务工作者密切配合，在重症救治方面不断取得新的进步。

In order to reduce the mortality rate and increase the recovery rate, we have adopted the strategy of "pooling together patients, experts and resources for centralized treatment." In Wuhan, we identified more than 10 designated hospitals with over 9,000 beds for the treatment of severe and critically ill patients. Around 13,000 high-level medical personnel from more than 90 national and provincial medical teams have been dispatched to these hospitals. They closely cooperate with local medical workers, and continue to make new progress in the treatment of severely ill patients.　　

归纳起来主要是三个方面：一是提高救治的针对性。我们开展了病理解剖学研究，在研究中发现了病毒对脏器损害的主要部位、程度，这样也就更有针对性地明确了临床救治的主攻方向，提出了相应的治疗手段，对以前的治疗方案进行优化，在重症治疗方面形成了专家共识。二是提高救治的创造性，善于在病情动态变化中早期识别重症患者，这一点非常重要。要始终围绕临床的主要矛盾，比如说解决气管堵塞问题，创造性地运用治疗手段和设备，把握好治疗的最佳时机、手段和剂量。这次几个重症病区都以麻醉科医生为骨干，建立了插管小分队，积极开展有创呼吸操作。早期使用这项手段，对挽救病人的生命是十分重要的，这也是我们在重症治疗中总结出的一条经验。三是提高救治的整体性，要充分发挥高水平专家集中的优势，密切沟通协作，注重经验的分享。

To sum up, we have made efforts in the following three aspects. First, we try to make the treatment more targeted. By carrying out study on pathological anatomy, we have identified which organs suffer great damage and to what extent. In this way, we have made clear the main direction of clinical treatment and come up with corresponding treatment methods. We continue to optimize the previous treatment schemes and reach an expert consensus on treating severely ill patients. Second, we need to figure out more creative ways of treatment. It's very important to identify critically ill patients at an early stage. We need to focus on the principal contradiction during clinical treatment, such as solving the problem of tracheal obstruction, and adopt treatment methods and devices in a creative way. We have to seize the best time for treatment, choose the best treatment method, and even determine the optimal dosage of the medications. This time, anesthetists are a mainstay in intensive care units. They have formed a special team to carry out tracheal intubation and provide ventilator support for patients in a timely manner. It's very important to adopt this means at an early stage to save the lives of patients. This is also what we have learned from the treatment process of the severely ill. Third, we need to take a holistic approach to the treatment. We will give full play to the role of high-level experts working together, attach importance to their close communication and collaboration, and enhance the exchange of experience among them.　　

做到“四个结合”，一是基础医学与临床实践相结合。要开展病原学、病理解剖学、免疫学方面的研究，为提高临床救治效果提供理论支撑和循证依据。

We should ensure the "four combinations" in the fight against the COVID-19. First, we should combine preclinical medicine with clinical practice. We will further conduct research on etiology, morbid anatomy and immunology in order to provide theoretical support and clinical evidence to improve the effectiveness of clinical treatment.　　

二是前方救治和后方多学科支持相结合。在疫情前期，后方对前方的支援主要是充实医疗力量、调配医疗物资、增加医疗设备等，现在要转移到后方多学科的技术支持和学术支持上，每天都要有重症病例通过前后方的会诊来提供最佳的治疗方案。

Second, we should combine frontline medical treatment with backup multidisciplinary consultation and technical support. During the early stage of the epidemic outbreak, the rear area supported the frontline work mainly by strengthening the available medical force, and allocating sufficient medical supplies and equipment. At present, however, the priority for the rear area is moving to provide multidisciplinary technical and academic support, with consultations held daily between frontline and rear-area doctors to make the very best treatment plan for severe cases.　

三是医疗和护理相结合。我们看到呼吸道重症病人病危时的情况，特别是ICU医疗护理的状况，更加感觉到基础护理的重要性，因此要建立重症病区的护理统一流程标准和评估，要看好每个病人、管好每个病人。

Third, we should combine treatment with nursing. We have witnessed patients suffering severe respiratory disease in a critical condition, as well as the treatment and care they received in the ICU. All these cases show the significance of basic nursing. Therefore, we should establish unified nursing procedures, standards and assessment at the wards for severely-ill patients, with an aim of attending to all.　　

四是医疗与管理相结合。在整建制接管“以院包科”模式的基础上，成立联合医务处、护理部和院内感染控制部，组成国家、省市联合专家组，不断优化流程，统一标准。同时我们对武汉市其他医院安排专家组巡查巡诊，把武汉市所有重症病人特别是危重症病人纳入统一管理。

Fourth, we should combine treatment with outstanding management. We have adopted a model of overall takeover, with assisting medical staff from the same hospital taking charge of one specific department. On that basis, we have also established a joint medical affairs department, nursing department and nosocomial infection control department; set up joint expert groups consisting of experts at the national, provincial and municipal level; and constantly improved procedures and unified standards. Meanwhile, we have arranged inspections and mobile medical services by expert groups covering other hospitals in Wuhan. By doing so, we have brought all the severe and even critical cases in the epicenter city into unified management.　

我们在这方面积累了一些经验，已经出台了第六版《诊疗方案》。目前，我国累计确诊7.8万多名患者，治愈出院3.6万多人。我们应当提出新冠肺炎重症患者治疗的中国方案、中国标准，体现出中国水平。随着临床救治工作的不断开展，我们的经验积累得越来越丰富，医务人员在临床一线将更有信心。

Based on previously accumulated experience, we have released the sixth edition of the COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment scheme. Up to now, we have cured more than 78,000 patients. Over 36,000 patients have been discharged from hospital after recovery. On that basis, we should provide the Chinese approach to the treatment of severe COVID-19 cases, which applies the Chinese standards and reflects the Chinese level of health service provision. With continued progress made in clinical treatment of the disease, our medical staff will accumulate more experience and strengthen their confidence to fight on the frontline against the epidemic.

日本读卖新闻记者:

Yomiuri Shimbun:

目前湖北以及武汉的新增病例一直下降，世卫组织认为疫情已到高峰期，但本月21日召开的中央会议认为尚未到拐点，请问您如何分析？谢谢。　

At present, the new cases in Hubei province and Wuhan city have been declining. The WHO believed the epidemic had reached its peak, but a CPC Central Committee meeting held on Feb. 21 stressed the turning point of the epidemic was yet to come. How do you analyze it? Thank you.

马晓伟:

Ma Xiaowei:

这个问题由我们中国和世界卫生组织联合考察组中方组长梁万年先生进行回答。

Mr. Liang Wannian please answer the question. He is the Chinese team leader of the WHO-China Joint Mission.

梁万年:

Liang Wannian:

疫情发生以来，我们一直在组织多学科专家，包括公共卫生、流行病学、卫生应急、临床医学、法学、社会学、经济学等等，跟踪研判疫情的发展形势，同时在做风险评估。专家们通过形势研判和风险评估，一致认为这次疫情防控从策略上是正确的，措施上是果断和有力的，并且也取得了积极的成效和明显的进展，主要表现在避免了中国更大范围的疫情暴发流行，全国疫情防控形势积极向好的态势正在拓展。我分几个层次和地区来介绍一下疫情的情况。

Since the outbreak, we have been organizing multi-disciplinary experts, including those involved in public health, epidemiology, health emergency, clinical medicine, law, sociology, economics, etc., to track and evaluate the development of the epidemic, and at the same time undertake a risk assessment. Through situation evaluation and risk assessment, experts agreed that the epidemic prevention and control was tactically correct, the measures decisive and effective in achieving positive results and obvious progress. They mainly help avoid a larger-scale epidemic outbreak and spreading. The situation of national epidemic prevention and control is in positive trend. I will introduce the situation of the epidemic by levels and regions.　

武汉市是这次疫情的流行中心，也是最严重的地区，目前疫情快速上升的趋势已经得到了遏制，表现在每日新增确诊病例数下降，每日新增疑似病例数下降，重症、危重症病例占确诊病例比例下降，病死率下降，这四个数字充分表明疫情正在得到有力的控制。

Wuhan is the epicenter of this epidemic, and it is also the most seriously-affected region. Currently, the rapid rising trend of the epidemic has been curbed, which is reflected in the decrease of newly confirmed cases and the decrease of new suspected cases each day. The proportion of severe cases among confirmed ones has decreased, and the fatality rate has fallen. These four figures fully show that the epidemic is being effectively controlled.

我这里有一组数据，比如说每日新增确诊病例数最高峰的时候是2月13日达到3910例，下降到2月27日313例；新增治愈出院病例数从2月20日就开始连续8天超过了新增确诊病例数，这是个非常好的情况，进出不仅达到了平衡，出院数还超过了新增确诊病例数。

I have a set of data here. For example, the highest number of newly confirmed cases per day was 3,910 on Feb. 13, and then fell to 313 on Feb. 27. The number of newly recovered and discharged patients, beginning from Feb. 20, exceeded the number of newly confirmed cases for eight consecutive days. This is a very good situation. Not only the balance of entry and exit of hospitals has been reached, but the number of discharged patients has also exceeded the number of newly-confirmed ones.

现有重症病例占比，也就是重症病例占确诊病例的比例，从2月11日的31.6%一直在持续波动下降，到27日的时候达到22.4%。病死率从1月26日最高点9.0%下降到现在的4.4%。同时还有一个比较好的情况是，在每日新增病例当中，我们进一步分析，这些新增病例主要是由疑似病例转过来的，这种比例占80%到90%，也就是说这些病例都是在我们掌控之中进一步确诊过来的。这是武汉的一个基本情况。

The proportion of existing severe cases, that is, the proportion of severely-ill patients among total confirmed cases, has continued to fluctuate and decline from 31.6% on Feb. 11 to 22.4% on Feb. 27. The fatality rate has dropped from a peak of 9.0% on Jan. 26 to 4.4% at present. At the same time, there's a relatively good situation that among the new cases every day, we further analyze that these new cases are mainly the ones transferred from the suspected category under observation, which accounts for 80% to 90% of the total. This means that these cases all were diagnosed from what we have under our control. This is a basic situation in Wuhan.　　

湖北省除武汉以外的其他地市，我们研判发现，它的局部暴发态势已经得到了遏制，这是我们一个基本的判断。湖北除武汉以外的地市有几组数据来证实这个情况，每日新增确诊病例数从最高峰2月12日的1400多例下降到现在5例，新增治愈出院病例数从2月15日开始连续13天超过新增确诊病例数。同时，现有重症病例占比持续保持稳定状态，2月27日是12.9%。病死率从1月26日以来一直保持在平稳状态，2月27日是3.1%。

In other cities in Hubei province, our research and evaluation found that the local outbreak situation had been contained. This is our basic judgment. There are several sets of data in cities other than Wuhan in Hubei to confirm this situation. The number of newly-confirmed cases per day has fallen from the peak of more than 1,400 on Feb. 12, to five at present. And the number of recovered and discharged cases has exceeded the number of newly-confirmed ones for 13 consecutive days starting from Feb. 15. At the same time, the proportion of existing severe cases continues to remain stable, which was 12.9% on Feb. 27. The fatality rate has remained steady since Jan. 26, and was 3.1% on Feb. 27.　　

从全国的情况来看，全国除湖北以外的其他省市，疫情一直是持续向好的，它本来的状态就是一种散发状态，现在持续向好。新增报告病例数快速下降，每日新增确诊病例数从最高峰的2月3日890例下降到9例，新增治愈出院病例数从2月12日开始连续16天超过了新增确诊病例数，现有重症病例占比保持稳定，现在是10.3%。病死率从2月12日以来一直稳定在0.5%到0.8%之间。2月27日，24个省份和兵团均无新增确诊病例。

Nationwide, the epidemic control in provincial-level regions outside Hubei has seen a growing positive trend, with only sporadic cases. The number of new infections has dived, daily new confirmed cases having plummeted from 890 at a peak time on Feb. 3 to nine, and the newly recovered and discharged patients have outnumbered new confirmed cases for 16 consecutive days since Feb. 12. The severe cases have remained at a level of 10.3% and the mortality rate has stabilized between 0.5 and 0.8%. On Feb. 27, no new confirmed cases were reported among 24 provincial-level regions as well as the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.　　

这是全国三类地区基本的形势研判和态势，但是专家组也分析研判认为，零增长并不等于是零风险，目前中国的疫情防控形势依然严峻复杂，还具有很大的不确定性，仍然面临着反弹的巨大压力，所以还是不能盲目乐观，防控工作还是丝毫不能放松。当前从全国疫情的态势来看，湖北省和武汉市仍然是疫情的中心，湖北以外的省份仍然要严格防范可能出现的暴发流行，尤其是随着人口流动的增加，各地陆续复工复产，一些地区就可能面临着疫情的死灰复燃或者反弹。下一步，还是要坚决做好疫情防控工作，同时也要平衡好社会经济发展和疫情防控工作的关系。专家们有一些相关的建议：

These are our studies and judgments on the situations categorized in the three major regions mentioned above. However, our expert panel warns that zero growth is by no means equal to zero risk as challenges facing China's prevention and control efforts remain formidable, and uncertainties over whether the virus will return still puts us under strain. We should not be blindly upbeat, and become less vigilant. In a holistic view across the country, Hubei province, with its capital Wuhan in particular, remains the epicenter. Stringent prevention work is still vital in regions outside Hubei in case the epidemic may return when the migration of people has increased during the resumption of work and production. Cross infections will probably lead to a second outbreak in certain areas. In the next phase, we must continue to bring the epidemic under control, however, at the same time, balance the epidemic prevention and control with economic and social development. To this end, our experts give the following advice:　　

武汉市从策略上来看，还是要继续实行“外防输出、内防扩散、强化救治、群防群控”的策略，要继续维持和做实做细现行的防控措施，包括严格管控离汉通道，狠抓社区防控，坚持“四集中”原则，狠抓医疗救治，降低病死率，这是一个关键。同时，武汉市要特别强调轻症病人的管理和治疗，防止轻症病人转重。

Regarding the prevention work in Wuhan, we will continue to adopt the approaches shown to work, including to prevent the disease from further spreading both in and outside the city, and step up efforts in medical treatment and mass prevention and control. We will continue to implement and maintain the existing measures, such as, ensuring all exits from Wuhan remain closed, to enhance the prevention and control efforts in communities and to adhere to the principle of concentrating cases, experts, resources and treatment. It is essential for us to improve our medical treatment to reduce the mortality rate. At the same time, patients with light symptoms in Wuhan should be treated meticulously to prevent their conditions from aggravating.　　

湖北省其他地市应该继续实施“严格管控、外防输出、内防扩散或者暴发流行”的策略，严格落实“四类人员”的分类集中管理措施，确保清零。继续实施严格的离汉、离鄂通道管控，遏制疫情扩散输出。

The policies in other city-level areas outside Wuhan in Hubei province should be implemented with the focus on stringent management and control in an effort to prevent the virus from spreading both within and beyond the borders of Hubei resulting in another outbreak. We should strictly follow the measures taken to treat people categorized in four different groups, namely, confirmed COVID-19 patients, suspected ones, people who have had close contact with the former two, and patients with common fever, to ensure that the transmission will be completely blocked. We will continue to follow the stringent rules to control the exits from Wuhan and Hubei so as to prevent the epidemic from spreading to the rest part of the country.　　

全国其他地区建议实施“预防为主、外防输入、内防局部扩散”的策略，重点是以县域为单位，根据风险评估的等级，即高、中、低，分区采取相应的防控策略，平衡好疫情防控和经济社会的发展。谢谢。

The focus on prevention, on non-transmission from external sources and on containing the existing cases from further spreading should be implemented in the rest of the country. The prevention and control approaches will be developed into high, medium and low levels based on the risk evaluation conducted at the county-level unit to coordinate the epidemic prevention and control with economic and social development. Thank you.

澎湃新闻记者:

The Paper:

我们了解到，近段时间国家及各地的医疗队有超过4万人集结到了湖北，我的问题是国家在组织支援湖北医疗队方面做了哪些工作？这些医疗队在新冠肺炎患者的救治中又发挥了怎样的作用？另外我还想问的是，在医疗队休整方面，未来有什么样的考虑？是否还会继续增派医疗队？谢谢。　　

We have learned that, over the past few days, more than 40,000 medical professionals have been sent by the central authority and provincial-level regions to Hubei province. My question is what the country has done in mobilizing these medical teams efficiently and what are their roles in treating COVID-19 patients? Also, are there any plans for the teams to get a rest? Will the country send more teams there? Thank you.

马晓伟:

Ma Xiaowei:

湖北武汉是疫情防控和医疗救治的重中之重，“武汉胜则湖北胜、湖北胜则全国胜”。我们从全国调集了4万多医务人员驰援湖北，在湖北形成了重兵围歼之势，就是要打一场新冠肺炎的歼灭战，在这个过程中，有很多工作应该记录，有很多经验需要总结，也有很多故事需要书写。刚才这位记者提的问题，我想现在请我们医政医管局副局长焦雅辉女士来回答。

Wuhan is the absolute priority for epidemic control and medical treatment. As General Secretary Xi Jinping said: "China's triumph (against the outbreak) depends on Hubei, and Hubei's triumph depends on Wuhan." We have sent over 40,000 medical workers drawn from across the country to Hubei, covering the province thoroughly with our strongest forces, in order to win this war of annihilation against COVID-19. A lot of work needs to be documented, a lot of experiences need to be summarized, and a lot of stories need to be chronicled. Let me ask Jiao Yahui, deputy director of the Bureau of Medical Administration, NHC, to answer your question.

焦雅辉:

Jiao Yahui:

谢谢您的提问。湖北和武汉是疫情防控阻击战的主战场。随着武汉市瞬时医疗需求的增加，医疗救治力量相对不足的矛盾突出地显示出来，从1月24日起，国家卫生健康委整建制地开始调派医疗力量，持续驰援湖北，驰援武汉。在调派医疗队方面，我们主要开展了以下工作：

Thank you for your questions. Hubei and Wuhan form the main battlefield of the fight against COVID-19. As medical demands in Wuhan rapidly increased, the lack of medical forces there became a prominent problem. Since Jan. 24, the National Health Commission has organized medical workers nationwide to assist Hubei and Wuhan. These people offered a comprehensive range of specialties and have taken over the ward work as a whole. We have undertaken the following work in terms of dispatching medical teams:

一是科学合理地调配医疗资源。针对重症医疗救治与普通和轻症医疗救治的不同特点，我们分别组建医疗队。在重症医疗队的组建方面，针对这次新冠肺炎是呼吸系统传染病，我们在组建医疗队时，重点抽调了呼吸、感染和重症专业的医务人员，整建制地组建医疗队。我们按照一个病区50张病床来计算，一支医疗队有30个医生和100个护士组成。在普通和轻症医疗队组建过程中，例如在方舱医院，我们按照1000张床配备500名医务人员，医护比按照1：4抽调，主要由内科专业的医生和护士组成。

first, we mobilized medical resources in a scientific and rational way. As treatments differ between severe and mild cases, we organized different medical teams accordingly. Regarding medical teams required to treat severe cases, we organized personnel who already have experience of working in respiratory, infection and critical care departments, as the COVID-19 is recognized as a kind of a respiratory infection. One ward comprises 50 beds, and one medical team consists of 30 doctors and 100 nurses. When it comes to mild cases, for example, for patients in shelter hospitals, 500 medical workers are responsible for 1,000 beds. Those doctors and nurses are mainly from internal medicine departments, and the ratio between them is 1:4.　　

二是把重症医疗队整建制地分配到重症定点医院。采取以省包科、以院包科的形式，由这些重症医疗队整建制接管病区，并且由所在医院和医疗队共同组成战时联合医务处、院感办和护理部，组成联合专家组，对所有重症患者进行统一评估和统一管理。我们平时建立的医疗质量安全核心管理制度，在战时也发挥了重要的作用。

Second, we comprehensively assigned medical teams capable of treating severe cases to hospitals designated for severely-ill patients. We adopted a model that the assisting medical staff from the same provincial-level region or the same hospital should take charge of one specific department in the affected area, and we also let medical teams that treat severe cases take overall charge of one specific ward. Also, these teams have joined hands with local hospitals and their medical teams to form joint medical affairs offices, infection-control offices, nursing departments and expert teams, in order to carry out joint evaluation and management of all severe cases. The medical quality management system that we established previously has also played a key role this time.　　

三是成建制搭建方舱医疗团队。把普通和轻症医疗队与国家紧急医学救援队、移动P3实验室进行编组，针对方舱医院的特点，我们以省队为单位，采取分片包干的形式，快速配置标准化的医疗、护理和检查单元，做到了方舱医院建设交工、资源配备和患者收治的三同步。

Third, we set up special medical teams manning Fangcang shelter hospitals in such a way that they consist of groups assigned to treat patients with mild symptoms, the national-level emergency medical assistance teams and mobile P3 laboratories. With an eye to the conditions of these shelter hospitals, we made a deployment in which the provincial-level medical teams have been tasked with the overall work in different wards, and thus ensured that these shelter hospitals are rapidly equipped with standardized medical treatment, nursing and clinical examination units. By so doing, we made it possible for these shelter hospitals to receive patients with well-allocated resources immediately upon their handover.　　

四是前瞻性地调派医疗队，作为轮换和休整的补充力量。在医疗队的轮换休整方面，我们按照习近平总书记关于“务必高度重视对医务人员的保护关心爱护，确保医务人员持续健康投入战胜疫情斗争”重要指示精神，制定了医疗队的轮换休整方案，并且现在已经开始通过多种方式进行医疗队的轮换和休整。第一种方式是在医疗队的内部挖潜，来解决医务人员的轮换休整问题。我们看到今天的数字，武汉在院的患者是26000多名，其中重症和危重症患者是6700多名。现在在院患者、重症患者与高峰期相比有了大幅度的下降，因此我们有一部分医疗队所接管的这些病区患者数量有所减少，为进行医务人员在隔离病房缩短工作时长创造了非常好的条件。第二种模式是采取整建制轮休的模式。我们近期派出的医疗队与1月份派出的最早的几批医疗队进行整建制轮换，像早期到达的福建和天津医疗队都是采取这种方式，已经在进行轮换和休整。第三种方式，是把近期到达的医疗队化整为零，分组成几个医疗小组，编组到早期到达的医疗队当中，来扩充这些医疗队的人力资源的配备，以此来拉长他们的工作排班的频次，也取得了医务人员休整的效果和目的。比如甘肃医疗队，经过人力的补充以后，医生可以工作一天休息一天半到两天，护士工作一天可以休息两天半到三天，重庆的医疗队医生平均每周的工作时长由50到60个小时下降到现在平均每周工作时长25到30小时，护士每周工作时长由40个小时下降到现在的20个小时。所以，可以说，目前医疗队的轮换可以保证我们的医务人员始终保持持续旺盛的战斗力，精力充沛地投入到抗击疫情的战争当中。我们的医疗队在抗击新冠肺炎疫情的医疗救治当中发挥了重要的作用。谢谢。

Fourth, we have sent medical teams in a proactive way to ensure frontline personnel can rotate and have enough rest. In line with General Secretary Xi Jinping's important instruction on giving priority to the protection and care of medical workers to ensure they can maintain their own health to fight the epidemic, we drew up a rotation scheme for our medical teams, and it has been implemented in the following three ways. The first is to look for ways within the medical teams to reduce work intensity and achieve rotation of medical workers. Today's data shows that there are more than 26,000 COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan, over 6,700 of whom are in a severe or critical condition. As the numbers of inpatients and severe cases have sharply declined since they peaked, the number of patients at the wards taken over by some medical teams has reduced accordingly, creating favorable conditions for shortening the working hours of a shift for medical staff in insolation wards. The second is to strive for rotation and rest for the entire team. Those recently sent to Hubei have taken over the overall work of others that arrived there as early as January. For example, all members of the medical teams from Fujian province and Tianjin Municipality, which went to Hubei at an earlier time, are now having a break. The third step is to regroup the newly arrived medical teams and assign the smaller new groups to medical teams that arrived earlier to expand their numbers, and thus reduce their work shifts with desirable breaks. For example, with new members coming in, doctors and nurses in the medical teams from Gansu province can now rest for 1.5-2 days and 2.5-3 days respectively after they have worked for one full day. Among the medical teams from Chongqing municipality, the average weekly working hours have dropped from 50-60 to 25-30 hours for doctors, and from 40 hours to 20 hours for nurses. Therefore, we can say that rotation of medical teams guarantees our medical workers can always maintain strong combat capability and be energetically devoted to the battle against the epidemic. Our medical teams have played important roles in fighting the virus. Thank you.

巴基斯坦记者:

Pakistani correspondent:

世界卫生组织评价中国的措施是有效的，但不排除疫情反弹的可能性，我们面对这种病毒，仍然存在巨大的风险，现在越来越多的人返回工作岗位，工厂也开始重新运行，在这样的情况下，中国怎样防止疫情反弹，怎样控制风险？谢谢。

The WHO evaluates China's measures as effective, but does not rule out the possibility of rebound. There is still big risk in fighting this virus. Now more and more people are going back to work and restarting production. How can China prevent the epidemic from rebounding and control the risk? Thank you.

马晓伟:

Ma Xiaowei:

这个问题应该说是我们防控工作中当前面临着的一个十分重要的问题，我们就这个问题进行了专门的研究和部署，下面请国家卫健委副主任于学军先生来回答这个问题。

Currently, this is a very important task we are facing in containing the epidemic. We have analyzed and made special deployment in this regard. I will give the floor to Mr. Yu Xuejun, vice minister of the National Health Commission.

于学军:

Yu Xuejun:

谢谢您的提问。这个问题非常重要，像马主任刚才说的，也是我们目前正在进行的一项重点工作。我想，在回答您的问题的同时，也向我们有关方面做一个解读。

Thank you for your question. This issue is indeed very important. As Mr. Ma just said, it is also the focus of our current work. Taking the opportunity of answering your question, I would like to give you an interpretation.　　

尽管世界卫生组织对我们中国疫情防控工作给予了积极的评价，但是我们和世界卫生组织也都认识到，现在还不能盲目乐观，疫情还依然严峻复杂，还有卷土重来的风险。大家都注意到了，目前已经有多个省份下调了应急响应级别，有关省份可以也应该按照传染病防治法和突发公共卫生事件应急条例等法律法规，结合本地的实际情况，适时调节应急的响应级别，做到分区分级精准防控，有序地复工复产复学。

Despite the fact that the WHO has given a positive comment on China's epidemic prevention and control, we, as well as the WHO, are very level-headed. We have realized that we still face a severe and complicated situation, and there is a risk of the disease regaining its strength. The public may notice that many provinces have already lowered their emergency response levels. According to local conditions, relevant provinces can and should adjust the emergency response level in a timely manner, following the laws and regulations such as the Law on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and the Regulations on Preparedness for and Response to Emergent Public Health Hazards. We need to take more specific and targeted measures in different regions to prevent and control the epidemic and resume operation and ensure that business and schools reopen in an orderly manner.　

各地陆续下调应急响应级别，意味着逐步取消相关限制，复工复产复学意味着大量人口要跨区流动，由此给我们防控工作带来一系列的挑战和压力，至少表现在这么几个方面：第一，交通限制取消以后，在交通运输过程中，产生的疫情传播风险会加大。第二，复工复产复学以后，人员聚集性传播风险会加大。第三，像广东、江苏、浙江等这些劳务输入大省的疾病输入性风险会加大。这些风险给疫情防控带来了很大的不确定性，今后的任务会更加艰巨，对我们提出了更高的要求。

The fact that more regions have begun to lower their emergency response level means the gradual lifting of relevant restrictions. The resumption of work and reopening of schools means that a large number of people will be moving across various regions, which might bring a series of challenges in regard to the containment of the epidemic. The challenges are reflected at least in the following aspects: First, after the removal of traffic restrictions, the risk of transmission during transportation will increase. Second, the resumption of work and reopening of schools will increase the risk of cluster transmission. Third, in major labor-importing provinces such as Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, the risk of imported cases will also increase. These risks will bring a certain level of uncertainty to the work of prevention and control of the epidemic. The tasks we are facing in the future will be more arduous and demanding.　　

首先我想说，对于这些可能出现的传播风险，刚才马主任介绍，我们已经采取了很多措施，要及时防范和化解。我们要求各省制定预案，加强演练，做好准备，对于复工复产复学过程当中出现的病例，应急处置措施要科学精准，要及时。最重要的一点是，有关部门和医疗卫生机构要认真落实传染病早发现、早报告、早隔离、早治疗的“四早”措施，做好疫情监测和报告，及时发现确诊和疑似病例。同时要加强流行病学的调查，对于密切接触者进行跟踪管理，做到应收尽收、应检尽检、应隔尽隔、应治尽治。

First of all, I would like to say that, as Mr. Ma just introduced, we have taken many measures to avoid and mitigate these possible transmission risks in a timely manner. We require all provinces to formulate plans, enhance drills and remain prepared and vigilant. For cases that emerge during the process of people returning to work and school, emergency measures must be taken in a scientific, targeted and timely manner. The most important thing is that relevant departments and medical and health institutions should implement the "four early" measures of early identification, reporting, isolation, and treatment to monitor and report both confirmed and suspected cases. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the epidemiological investigation and follow-up monitoring of close contacts to ensure 100% screening, quarantine, and treatment.　　

此外，稳妥的做好复工复产复学后的疫情防控工作，及时的调整防控策略也非常重要。在这里，我简单地把防控策略的调整概括为三个转变，也就是从“静态管理”向“动态管理”转变，从全国“统一要求”向各地“分区分级”转变，从“社会防控”向“精准防控”转变。除了刚才我说的要及时防范和化解可能出现的风险以外，我们就有关工作已经进行了全面部署，这里面主要包括这么几个方面：第一，要实行人员分类管理，具体说就是按照有关文件要求，加强员工的健康监测，分类采取有针对性的管控措施。同时指导员工加强个人防护，一旦出现异常情况，能够及时快速地处置。第二，要加强交通工具的防控措施。我们建议，通过增开专列，拉开乘坐空间，采取通风消毒、体温检测等必要措施，降低旅途中疫情传播的风险，在外来人口聚集的地区，要采取登记预约、分期分批、错峰出行等措施，有序地返程、返岗、返校。第三，要压实各方责任，我们明确地提出了社区、用工单位和学校的防控责任，对于商场、酒店等生活类场所，对于养老机构、福利院等特殊场所和重点人群，以及对农村农民的疫情防控，都做出了专门的部署安排，要求各地压实属地责任、部门责任、单位责任、家庭责任和个人责任，推动各方要把防控措施落实到位。第四，加强技术指导和科普宣传力度，为提高疫情防控的科学性、精准性和针对性，我们已经制定印发了15个有针对性的、操作性很强的技术方案，涵盖了社区、企业、学校等方方面面的场景和人群，向社会公众普及健康自我防护知识，指导各行各业联防联控、群防群控。

Moreover, in order to ensure epidemic prevention and control after resumption of work, production and school classes, we also need to adjust relevant measures in a timely manner. The adjustments will take place in the following three aspects: First, they will be more flexible. Second, the unified requirements formerly adopted nationwide will be differentiated in terms of the circumstances prevailing in different regions. Third, prevention and control measures will be more targeted. In addition to preventing and defusing potential risks in a timely manner, we have made an overall deployment of work in the following aspects: First, we adopt differentiated management measures for employees. To be more specific, we enhance health monitoring among employees, and adopt targeted measures. At the same time, we guide them to take their own strict precautions. By doing so, we will be able to respond promptly and effectively once there is a problem. Second, we strengthen prevention and control measures on transportation. We have proposed a series of necessary measures, such as launching special trains, ensuring passengers are seated at a safe distance from each other, as well as providing ventilation, disinfection and body temperature checks, in a bid to reduce risks of transmission during journeys. In labor-intensive regions, the return of laborers needs to be organized well so as to avoid a gathering of the population, and ensure the smooth resumption of work, production and school classes. Third, we will ensure the implementation of the accountability mechanism. We have made clear the responsibilities that communities, enterprises and schools must assume in the epidemic prevention and control, and we have also issued specific instructions for shopping malls, hotels, nursing homes, social welfare institutions and rural areas in general, so as to ensure all the administrative regions, departments, enterprises, as well as families and individuals will fulfill their responsibilities, and carry out prevention and control measures effectively. Fourth, we strengthen technological guidance and launch more education activities to raise public awareness. In order to ensure the epidemic prevention and control becomes even more scientific and targeted, we have issued 15 highly operable plans covering measures that can be adopted by communities, enterprises and schools, so as to provide more much-needed protective knowledge to the general public, and guide the joint prevention and control work.　　

下一步，为了确保复工复产复学过程中不出现疫情反弹，国家卫生健康委将组织督导组，对各省（区、市）预案制定的情况、医疗救治力量准备情况、有关保障供应的储备情况进行督导，在复工复产复学过程当中，如果出现因为防控措施不到位而引发疫情反弹的情况，我们会严肃处理。我就回答到这里，谢谢。

Going forward, in order to prevent a resurgence of the epidemic during the resumption of work, production and school classes, the National Health Commission will designate supervision and guidance teams to guide the provincial (autonomous regional and municipal) localities in formulating action plans, and providing medical treatment and daily necessities. If there is a resurgence of the epidemic caused by malpractices, the relevant people will be held accountable. Thank you.

香港中评社记者:

China Review News Agency (Hong Kong):

在此次疫情防控工作中，方舱医院可以说是一项创举，能否介绍一下目前开设有多少家方舱医院？可以收治多少病人？方舱医院在本次疫情的防控工作中又发挥着怎样的作用？谢谢。　　

During the epidemic control and prevention process, the establishment of Fangcang shelter hospitals is a pioneering step. Can you brief us how many hospitals of this kind there are and how many patients can they receive? What kind of role do they play during the anti-epidemic battle? Thank you.

马晓伟:

Ma Xiaowei:

这次疫情发生以来，病人就医数量呈“井喷式”增长，大量病人在社区和社会流动，医疗资源紧张，床位不能满足应收尽收的要求，面临着延误治疗时机、造成疫情扩散的双重压力。在这种复杂的情况下，中央指导组组长、国务院副总理孙春兰同志深入一线视察，果断作出建设方舱医院的决定，要求武汉市立即将一批体育场馆、会展中心逐步改造为方舱医院。武汉市市长周先旺同志靠前指挥、亲自调度，夜以继日地组织力量施工改造；武汉各区区委书记、区长坚守岗位，落实各项措施。第一批有4000张床位的3家方舱医院仅用了29个小时就建设完成，中央指导组调动22支国家紧急医学救援队及车载方舱、三支国家移动核酸检测实验车星夜赶往武汉，76支医疗队8000多名医务人员在几天内陆续进入方舱医院，边建设、边接收、边治疗，迅速开展工作。目前，武汉市已经建成16家方舱医院，实际开放床位13000多张，累计收治患者12000多人。武汉的新冠肺炎患者每4人就有1人是在方舱医院治疗的，方舱医院做到了“零感染、零死亡、零回头”。现在方舱还有7600多名患者，空余床位5600张，实现了“床等人”。

Since the outbreak of the epidemic, the number of patients seeking treatment has grown dramatically. The shortage of medical resources and hospital beds made it hard to take in all patients and leave no one unattended, and we were facing mounting pressure as the flow of so many patients in communities and society might lead to the delay of treatment and the spread of the virus. Under the complicated circumstances, Vice Premier Sun Chunlan, head of the Central Guidance Team in Hubei, carried out frontline inspections and made the decision to set up Fangcang shelterr hospitals by renovating a batch of gymnasiums and convention centers in Wuhan city. Zhou Xianwang, mayor of Wuhan, guided the work and coordinated at the frontline, ensuring the renovation work moved ahead day and night. Party secretaries and heads of all districts in Wuhan held fast to their positions to ensure that all measures are fully implemented. The first batch of three Fangcang shelter hospitals with 4,000 beds was constructed in only 29 hours. The Central Guidance Team in Hubei dispatched 22 national emergency medical rescue teams, mobile cabins and three national mobile nucleic acid testing vehicles to work in Wuhan the very same night. A total of 76 medical teams with over 8,000 staff members entered the hospital in succession over the following days and started to work immediately, setting up facilities, receiving and treating patients at the same time. So far, a total of 16 such temporary hospitals with over 13,000 beds have been built and more than 12,000 patients have received treatment there. One in four of all COVID-19 patients in Wuhan were treated in a Fangcang shelter hospital with zero infection, zero death and zero recurrent infection rates. Currently, there are more than 7,600 patients receiving treatment at these temporary hospitals and 5,600 beds are vacant awaiting patients.　　

现在回头看，建设方舱医院是一项非常关键、意义重大的举措。我们在短期内迅速扩充了医疗资源，用其他方式是很难短时间解决这么多床位的。如果这些患者长期不能住院，轻症可能发展为重症，还会在社会上造成广泛的社区传播。试想如果这几些病人没有在两三天内收治的话，疫情将会以更快的速度扩散，我们就将面临着更艰巨的防控任务。在这个关键时候，孙春兰同志做出了关键决策。方舱医院的建设，在防与治两个方面发挥了重要的、不可替代的作用，也为今后应对突发公共卫生事件、应对重大灾情疫情，迅速组织扩充医疗资源创造了一种新的模式。

Looking back, the establishment of Fangcang shelter hospitals is a significant measure enabling expansion of the medical resources in a short time when other means were not immediately practicable. If all those patients had not been hospitalized for a long time, their mild symptoms might have become severe and wide-spread transmission might have occurred at the community level. Just imagine that if those patients had not been admitted to hospital in two or three days, the epidemic could have been transmitted more rapidly and we would have been faced with more challenging work. At the crucial moment, Vice Premier Sun Chunlan made a key decision. The Fangcang shelter hospitals play a significant and irreplaceable role in the epidemic control and prevention, and creates a new mode for expanding medical resources in a short time when responding to public health emergencies, disasters and epidemics in the future.　　

方舱医院的大规模使用，在我国医学救援史上具有标志性意义。之所以能够达到这样的效果，离不开党和政府的坚强领导、医务人员的积极努力、特别是武汉市广大市民的配合与患者的理解支持，使方舱医院始终运行平稳，医患关系和谐，不少方舱医院还建立了医患临时党支部，开展了许多有利于康复的活动。可以说，方舱是名副其实的生命之舱。

The large-scale application of the Fangcang shelter hospital is a landmark in the medical rescue history of our country. Its smooth operation is attributed to the firm leadership of the CPC and the government, the earnest effort of the medical staff and especially the cooperation by the Wuhan citizens and the understanding of the patients. The relationship between doctors and patients there is harmonious. Temporary Party branches were established at some Fangcang shelter hospitals and they have organized many activities beneficial to patients' recovery. The Fangcang shelter hospital is indeed a cabin of life.

长江云记者:

Yangtze River Cloud:

打好湖北保卫战、武汉保卫战，最要紧的是抓住城乡社区防控和患者救治两个关键。传染病的防控要做到关口前移，请问在社区防控方面，目前我们已经开展了哪些工作？对于整个疫情防控又起到了怎样的作用？谢谢。

To against the epidemic in Hubei province, and in Wuhan in particular, we need to focus on two key points: the prevention and control work in urban and rural communities, and the overall treatment of patients. The epidemic containment work should be moved forward into communities, so what have we done in this aspect? And what role does it play in the overall prevention and control work? Thank you.

马晓伟:

Ma Xiaowei:

社区防控是防控工作中的一个十分重要的方面，能不能从源头堵住传染病疫情蔓延，社区管控是十分重要的。正是因为后期社区管控工作的加强，武汉疫情防控工作形势才逐渐稳定下来。这个问题，我想请国家卫生健康委副主任于学军先生回答。

Epidemic containment in communities is a very important part of the overall prevention and control work, as it can help us prevent the spread of the infectious disease at source. It is because we have strengthened the epidemic containment work in communities that the situation in Wuhan has gradually stabilized. I'd like to ask Mr. Yu Xuejun to answer these questions.

于学军:

Yu Xuejun:

谢谢您的问题。我们每个人都生活在社区，社区是疫情联防联控的第一线，也是外防输入、内防扩散的前沿阵地。国家卫生健康委认真贯彻落实习近平总书记重要指示精神，坚决执行党中央、国务院的决策部署，按照中央指导组的要求，全力推进湖北省、武汉市开展社区防控工作，守住这道防线。

Thank you for your questions. Each of us lives in a community, which is the front line of joint prevention and control work, as well as being in the forefront of the battle against infection being brought in from beyond the city and ensuring non-proliferation within the urban area. The National Health Commission has earnestly implemented the important instructions of General Secretary Xi Jinping and resolutely carried out the decision policies and deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. We have followed the requirements of the central leading team guiding the epidemic control work to ensure every effort is made to push ahead with prevention and control work in the communities across Hubei as well as in Wuhan to defend the front line.　　

首先是研究提出了一系列的社区防控具体措施，及早控制传染源，阻断传播途径。孙春兰副总理和中央指导组的同志们多次深入到一线，到现场开展调查研究，结合武汉市的疫情变化特点和防控工作实际，提出了一系列有效的社区防控措施，比如说对“四类重点人群”实行“五包一”的管理模式，这四类重点人，就是确诊患者、疑似患者、发热人员和密接人员，实行“五包一”就是一个社区干部、一个社区网格员、一个社区医务人员、一个社区民警、一个志愿者，五个人从不同角度帮助一个重点人员。对小区实施封闭管理、网格化管理。

First, we have put forward a series of specific prevention and control measures for communities to control the source of infection as early as possible and block transmission routes. Vice Premier Sun Chunlan and the central leading team's members went to the frontline many times and carried out investigations and research on the spot. Combined with the characteristics of epidemic changes and the actual situation of prevention and control work in Wuhan, they put forward a series of effective prevention and control measures for communities, such as the mode of "five persons helping one". This "five persons" refers to a community cadre, a member of the community's grid management organization, a medical staff of the community, a police officer responsible for the community, and a volunteer. While the "one" refers to a confirmed, suspected or fever patient, or a person in close contact with patients.

另外，比如说组织各级党政机关和企事业单位的党员干部5万多人、社区干部3万多人、志愿者5万多人，下沉到社区，开展拉网式的逐户排查，不留死角、不留空白，做到应收尽收。这样做的效果，就是通过分类指导、层层推进，逐步形成了社区联防联控、群防群控的局面，使关口前移，有效的控制了传染源，阻断了传播途径，也保护了易感人群。

In addition, for example, we have organized more than 50,000 Party members and cadres, over 30,000 community's cadres, and over 50,000 volunteers from Party and government organs, enterprises and institutions at all levels to work within the various communities. They have carried out door-to-door inquiries in a thorough way to ensure all patients are admitted to a hospital. Through guiding the work with classified measures and pushing ahead with the work level-by-level, we have gradually achieved the stage of joint prevention and control, as well as mass prevention and control. With the frontline being moved forward, we have effectively contained the source of infection, blocked the transmission path, and defended susceptible populations.　

第二是通过组建社区防控的小分队等等方式，指导督促地方落实防控措施。按照中央指导组的要求，国家卫生健康委选派了疾控和社区专家与当地同志一起组成社区防控小分队，下沉到街道、社区，他们走遍了几乎所有的街道社区，通过答疑解惑、巡回指导，推动落实属地责任，及时发现问题线索，同时也总结好的经验和做法，帮助基层社区进一步落实防控措施。另外，国家卫生健康委还从湖北以外的其他省（区、市）选派了300多名实验室检测人员、环境卫生与消毒等方面的专业人士，协助湖北省、武汉市开展实验室的核酸检测，对重点场所、特殊场所、公共场所的清洁、消毒、通风进行检查指导。

Second, through establishing community's epidemic prevention and control teams, we have guided local governments to implement prevention and control measures. In accordance with the requirements of the central leading team, the National Health Commission has appointed experts on disease control and on community work to form these teams with local fellow comrades. They have visited almost all communities to push ahead with the implementation of territorial responsibility through answering questions and offering solutions, as well as tour guidance. They have found clues to problems in a timely manner and summed up good experiences and practices to help grassroots communities further implement prevention and control measures. Moreover, the National Health Commission has also appointed more than 300 laboratory testing personnel, along with environmental, health and disinfection professionals from provinces, regions and cities excluding Hubei province to assist it as well as Wuhan in carrying out laboratory nucleic acid testing, and providing inspection guidance for cleaning, disinfection and ventilation in major, special and public areas.　

第三是组织多方力量，运用互联网和大数据技术，开展流行病学的调查。流行病学的调查，我们业内都简称流调，是传染病防控关口前移的基础性、源头性工作。湖北省、武汉市组织多方面力量，运用现代技术，开展流调工作，取得了很好的成效，对制定整体的防控措施起到了重要的支持作用。国家卫生健康委也按照中央指导组的要求，从湖北以外的省（区、市）选派了400多名流调人员，帮助指导湖北省特别是武汉市开展流调工作，夯实基础，为实现精准防控创造很好的环境。

Third, we have organized multiple sectors to use the Internet and big data technologies to conduct full epidemiological investigations. Such investigations are the basic and first step to prevent and control the epidemic at the community level. Hubei province and Wuhan city have organized multiple sectors to carry out such investigations using modern technologies. The work has achieved good results and provided a strong support to the formulation of overall prevention and control measures. In accordance with the Central Guidance Team's requirements, the National Health Committee has also selected over 400 investigators from outside Hubei to assist and guide Hubei, especially Wuhan, to conduct investigations. Strengthening this basic work has created favorable conditions for targeted epidemic prevention and control.

第四是加大技术指导和科普宣传力度，提升公众健康和自我保护意识。我们组织相关专家，编写了新冠肺炎基层防控指导意见，对于居委会、隔离点、社区卫生服务中心等各个防控单元提出了科学规范的指导意见和技术规范，对特定场所、特定人群的防控提出了有针对性的指导意见。

Fourth, we have enhanced technical guidance as well as the communication of relevant scientific knowledge to the general public. This is necessary to raise public awareness of health and self-protection. We have organized experts to write a guidebook called "Guidance on Community-level Prevention and Control of the COVID-19 Outbreak".

我们还面向公众，编印了公众防护指南、公众心理疏导指南等方面的材料，通过线上线下等多种形式进行科普，特别是通过新媒体进行科普宣传，通俗易懂，喜闻乐见，受到社区居民的欢迎，通过大家自我防护意识的提高，减少了家庭聚集性疫情的发生。

This guidebook provides scientific and standard guidance to different prevention and control units such as neighborhood committees, quarantine sites and community health service centers. It also gives targeted guidance on certain venues and groups of people. We also distributed materials to teach the public how to protect themselves against COVID-19 and feel less stressed, both offline and online, especially through new media. Easy to understand, the materials are popular with local residents and raised their awareness of self-protection. As a result, COVID-cases from family gatherings have fallen.

下一步，我们将认真贯彻落实习近平总书记的重要指示精神，充分调动群众自我管理、自我服务的积极性，进一步关口前移，将社区作为疫情防控的战斗堡垒，巩固来之不易的成果，与湖北省、武汉市人民一起努力，坚决打赢疫情防控的阻击战。谢谢。

Next, in line with the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important instructions, we will fully motivate local residents to discipline themselves and serve their communities. We will further promote epidemic prevention and control at the community level and consolidate our hard-won progress. We are determined to work with local people to win the battle against the epidemic.

中央广播电视总台CGTN记者:

CGTN:

近日中国-世卫组织联合专家考察组先后在北京、广东、四川和湖北武汉四个地方考察，2月24日晚上在北京也举行了新闻发布会，请您介绍一下考察情况，考察组印象最深刻的是什么？

Recently, the WHO-China joint mission on COVID-19 conducted investigations in Beijing, Guangdong, Sichuan and Wuhan of Hubei. It held a press conference in Beijing on February 24th. Could you introduce the investigations? And what impressed the mission most?

马晓伟:

Ma Xiaowei:

这个问题由我们中国和世界卫生组织联合考察组中方组长梁万年先生进行回答。

Mr. Liang Wannian, head of Chinese experts on the joint mission, will answer this question.

梁万年:

Liang Wannian:

谢谢。2月16日至24日，我们联合考察组的25位专家用了9天的时间，分别到了北京、湖北、广东、四川这四个省份，考察了定点医院、方舱医院、基层社区，包括相关部门，还有疾控机构等等，分别和政府官员、卫生防疫工作者、医务人员和社区医生，包括居民，很多方面进行了深入座谈交流，所到之处感受很深，也了解了很多具体实际的情况，最终形成一个联合考察报告。前几天，在北京做了一个联合新闻发布会，这个考察报告可能也很快就会发布出来。

Thank you. From February 16th to 24th, the 25 experts on the joint mission visited Beijing, Hubei, Guangdong and Sichuan. We went to designated hospitals, Fangcang shelter hospitals, communities, relevant departments, and disease prevention and control centers. And we talked with government officials, epidemic-prevention workers, medical workers, community doctors and residents. All the places we visited left a deep impression on us. We came to know their specific situations. We will release our findings in an investigation report. A few days ago, we held a joint press conference in Beijing, and I think the report will come out soon.　

联合考察组专家们来了9天时间，有很多的体会和印象，我想大家感受最深的是三个方面。第一个方面，这种疾病是一个新的传染性疾病，传播速度快，有很多的未知数。按照传统的观念来说，没有疫苗可以预防，也没有特效药物可以治疗，似乎只能慢慢适应。对这种情况，中国政府采取了果断的措施，实行以围堵为主的策略措施。可以说，这种果断措施短短七周之内取得了明显的成效，遏制了疫情流行的态势，挽救了数十万人的生命健康，也为世界的疫情防控筑起了第一道防线。所以，中国政府采取的这种措施、策略，既果断也正确，更有效。

Experts of the joint mission might have developed many distinct feelings and impressions during the nine days of research. I believe what has impressed them most is as follows. First, the COVID-19 is a new infectious disease that spreads fast with many unknown factors. Traditionally speaking, there is no vaccine to prevent it and no specific drug to treat it. The only workable approach seems to be to adapt to it gradually. In this case, the Chinese government has taken decisive measures focusing on the strategy of walling off its spread. Such measures have gained remarkable achievements in the past seven weeks, containing the prevalence of the epidemic, saving hundreds of thousands of lives, and offering a vital first line of defense against the epidemic in the world at large. Therefore, the strategy and decisive measures taken by the Chinese government have proved to be correct and more effective.　

第二个方面，随着防控的深入开展、疫情形势的变化，防控工作既坚持统一领导、统一策略、统一要求，同时又因地制宜，不拘泥于“一刀切”的做法。所以大家感受到，在疫情防控阶段，基于循证的科学证据，基于风险评估的结果，实行灵活的、地方化的、因地制宜的防控策略和措施的调整，是具有针对性的，是符合实际的，实践证明也是有效的。所以，这个给大家留下了深刻的印象。

Second, with the deepening of epidemic prevention and control and the change in the overall epidemic situation, we should not only adhere to the unified leadership, strategies and requirements but also tailor measures to local conditions rather than taking one-size-fits-all approach in epidemic prevention and control. The experts have learned that it proves targeted, realistic and effective in practice to adopt flexible and tailored local strategies and measures on the basis of scientific evidence-based data and risk assessment results. This has left a deep impression on them.

第三个方面，联合考察组的专家们都深刻感受到，中国这种非药物性的社会干预措施之所以取得显著成效，除了政府的果断决策和领导，除了专业部门和各个部门的努力，更重要的是广大人民群众的广泛参与，这充分体现了中国人民尤其是湖北人民、武汉人民高度的利他主义精神，大家团结一致，众志成城，形成合力。所以，传统的、经典的疾病流行控制方法，加上中国制度的优越性，加上全民的广泛参与，这就是中国的文化，再加上高科技手段的应用，这四个方面形成了强大的合力，这是一个中国的模式，也是一个中国的经验。谢谢。

Third, the experts have deeply realized that the non-pharmacological social interventions in China have gained remarkable achievements primarily due to the wide participation of the people in addition to the resolute decisions taken and leadership of the government, and the efforts made by specialized departments and other groups. It fully embodies the utter altruism in the Chinese people, especially those in Wuhan city and Hubei province, who are united in making concerted efforts. Hence, traditional and classic epidemic control methods together with the superiority of the Chinese system, the wide public participation by the whole population as shown in the Chinese culture, and the application of hi-tech means have created a powerful joint force. This is one of Chinese models and also the experience of China. Thank you.

袭艳春:

Xi Yanchun:

最后一个提问。

The last question.

经济日报、中国经济网记者:

The Economic Daily/China Economic Net:

我的问题是，中央近日印发了进一步保护爱护医务人员若干措施的通知，提出了十个方面的举措。请问国家卫生健康委在关心爱护奋战在抗击疫情一线的医务人员方面采取了哪些措施？谢谢。　

The central government has put forward measures covering 10 aspects in a recently issued notice on how to further protect and take care of medical staff. My question is, what measures has the National Health Commission taken in caring the medical staff in the frontline against the epidemic? Thank you.

马晓伟:

Ma Xiaowei:

新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，广大医务工作者在中央统一部署下，舍小家、顾大家，临危不惧，义无反顾地冲在疫情防控和医疗救治第一线，展开了一场感天动地的生命大救援。各地累计派出4万多名优秀的医务人员，同湖北、武汉当地医务工作者一道，争分夺秒与病魔展开了殊死斗争，留下了无数可歌可泣的故事，创造了一个个生命的奇迹。有超过2000多名医务人员确诊感染了新冠肺炎，有多名医生、护士以身殉职，他们把自己全部的专业技术、辛勤汗水、以至宝贵生命献给了荆楚大地，谱写了一曲震撼人心的抗“疫”乐章。这里，我向不幸去世的同胞、牺牲的医务人员表示深切的悼念。

Since the COVID-19 outbreak, under the arrangements made by the central government, medical workers have bid farewell to their families and rushed to the front line to deal with the epidemic without hesitation and save lives. A total of more than 40,000 medical workers have been dispatched to join the local medical staff in Wuhan city and Hubei province and have been racing against time to combat the disease, leaving countless touching tales and creating miracles of life. More than 2,000 medical staff have been diagnosed with a COVID-19 infection. A number of doctors and nurses have died on duty. They have offered all their professional skills, shed their sweat, and even devoted their lives here, composing an impressive song of fighting against the epidemic. Here, I would like to express my deep condolences to the deceased compatriots and medical workers.　

这场严峻的抗疫斗争，是对新时代医疗卫生工作者的精神风貌、职业操守、意志品质的一次集中检验，也是对多年来医学专业学科发展、技术进步、应急能力提高以及组织管理工作的一次集中检验。医疗卫生工作者向党和人民交上了满意的答卷，以实际行动诠释了“敬佑生命、救死扶伤、甘于奉献、大爱无疆”的崇高精神，并进一步丰富了内涵，升华了价值。这种精神体现在他们长期以来以病人为亲人，恪尽职守，爱岗敬业上；体现在他们对技术精益求精，知难而进，为患者解除病痛上；体现在抗击重大灾情疫情的危难时刻上。越是在这种生死关头，越能折射出广大医疗卫生工作者践行初心、不辱使命的人格光辉。实践一次又一次证明，这是一支政治坚定、技术优良、医德高尚，党和人民可以信赖的队伍，这是一支英雄的队伍。

The severe fight against the epidemic has become a focused test of the spirit, professional integrity and willpower of medical staff in the new era, as well as a test of medical discipline development, technical progress, and improvement of emergency response capacity and organizational management achieved over the years. The medical and health staff have given a satisfactory answer to the call of the Party and the people. Their actions have elaborated and enriched the noble spirit of respecting life, healing the sick and rescuing those near death, and showing dedication and boundless love for patients. With the long-term devotion to their duties, they always polish their professional skills to relieve the pain of patients, and will always choose to fight on the frontline in spite of dangers whenever there is a major disaster or epidemic. In such a life-or-death situation their personality and glory shine through as they fulfill their missions. Practice has proved time and time again that they are trustworthy representatives of the Party and the people and an army of heroes with political firmness, technical excellence and noble medical integrity.

这样一群人民健康的守护者、最可爱的人，得到了全社会的理解和关爱。前几天，习近平总书记作出重要指示，强调医务人员是战胜疫情的中坚力量，务必高度重视对他们的保护、关心和爱护，从各个方面提供支持保障。中央应对疫情工作领导小组印发《关于全面落实进一步保护关心爱护医务人员若干措施的通知》，内容具体实在，我委出台了落实《通知》的指导意见，正在会同相关部门和地方党委政府加快落实，一定要把这件事情办实办好，把党中央的关怀和温暖传递给每一位奋战在一线的医务工作者。关于这方面工作的具体措施落实情况，我想请卫生健康委医政医管局焦雅辉副局长来作说明。

They are the guardians of people's health. These admirable people are loved by the whole society. A few days ago, General Secretary Xi Jinping issued an important instruction, emphasizing that medical workers are the backbone force in defeating the epidemic. He stressed providing comprehensive support for them to ensure their strength, morale and energy. The Central Leading Group on Responding to the Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak issued a Notice on Comprehensive Implementation of Measures to Better Protect Medical Workers. The content is of a complete concrete nature. The NHC issued guidelines on the implementation of the Notice, and is working together with relevant departments and local Party committees and governments to speed up implementation. We must do this work well and pass on the care and warmth of the Party Central Committee to every medical worker on the frontline. With regard to the implementation of specific measures, I would like to invite Ms. Jiao to give an explanation.

焦雅辉:

Jiao Yahui:

谢谢您的提问。国家卫生健康委高度重视关心关爱医务人员工作，前期已经印发了《关于改善一线医务人员工作条件切实关心医务人员身心健康若干措施》，在中央应对新冠肺炎疫情工作领导小组印发《关于全面落实进一步保护关心爱护医务人员若干措施的通知》后，国家卫生健康委迅速行动，会同相关部门出台了相关的文件，采取了一系列措施，主要包括以下几个方面：

Thank you for your question. The NHC attaches great importance to the protection and care for medical workers, and has issued measures aiming to improve working conditions for those on the frontline, and ensure their mental and physical health. After the Central Leading Group on Responding to the Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak issued the Notice, the NHC acted quickly, issued regulations jointly with relevant departments, and took a series of measures, including the following aspects:

首先，在薪酬待遇方面，我们会同相关部门出台了相关的政策，对于在湖北一线的医务人员，包括医疗队的医务人员，要将临时性工作补助的标准提高一倍，薪酬水平提高两倍，扩大卫生防疫津贴发放范围，确保覆盖全体一线医务人员。2月25日，人社部和财政部也印发了相关的文件，来调整卫生防疫津贴标准。在执业安全方面，出台了相关的政策，严厉打击在疫情防控期间涉医违法犯罪行为，为医务人员提供安全的执业环境。并且我们会同相关部门，从全国调集相关防护用品，对医务人员开展院感防控的培训，加强医务人员执业安全防护，降低医务人员感染的发生。对于已经感染的医务人员，积极采取措施，给予医疗救治。

Firstly, in terms of salary, we have introduced policies together with relevant departments. For frontline medical worker in Hubei province, including medical personnel in the medical team, we have doubled the standard of temporary work subsidies, tripled the salary level, and expanded the distribution scope of health and epidemic prevention subsidies so as to ensure that all frontline medical personnel are covered. On February 25, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance also issued relevant documents to adjust the standard of health and epidemic prevention allowance. In terms of safety in practice, relevant policies have been issued to crack down on any illegal and criminal behavior involving medicines to be used during the epidemic prevention and control period, so as to provide a safe environment for medical workers. In addition, we have worked with various departments to mobilize relevant protective equipment provided from all over the country, and carried out nosocomial infection prevention and control training for medical workers. We have also strengthened protection for medical workers to reduce the incidence of infection among them. For the infected medical staff, we are taking active measures to provide full medical treatment.

在生活保障方面，我们积极筹措资金，为医务人员特别是医疗队队员发放必要的生活用品，包括一些洗护用品，还有卫生用品等等，现在资金的筹措、物资的采购，以及配送发放工作正在落实当中。为了保证医务人员能够有充足的精力，在隔离区开展工作，我们会同武汉市就近安排医务人员的住宿宾馆和酒店，并且专门安排了车辆接送这些医务人员上下班。

We have actively raised funds to provide medical workers with daily necessities, including sanitation and hygiene items. The relevant financing, procurement and distribution are in the process of implementing. In order to ensure medical workers can have sufficient energy for the vital work in quarantine areas, we arranged nearby accommodation in hotels with help from the Wuhan authorities. We also scheduled special vehicles to carry them to and from work.　

此外，我们也采取了措施，加强医疗队医务人员轮休和休整，我们还在全国抽调了300名心理医生，编组到医疗队当中，为一线医务人员提供心理疏导。据我们了解，全国各地也在医务人员的工伤认定、职称评定以及医务人员家庭困难帮扶方面采取了很多有效措施和办法。国家卫健委也要求我们派驻在各省的工作组加大对各省的督导和指导力度，确保这些关心关爱医务人员的政策措施落地见效。谢谢。

In addition, we have also taken measures to ensure the medical workers work in shifts so that they can have adequate rest. We have also dispatched 300 psychiatrists from around the nation to provide psychological counseling to frontline medical workers. At the local level, many effective measures and methods have been adopted in the identification of work-related injuries, the evaluation of professional titles and the assistance of medical staff facing family difficulties. The NHC also required our working groups in different provinces to strengthen their supervision and guidance, so as to ensure that these policies and measures concerning caring for medical workers are effective. Thank you.

马晓伟:

Ma Xiaowei:

最后，我在这里通报一个情况：近日，经党中央批准，卫生健康委将与人社部、国家中医药管理局联合评选表彰一批全国卫生健康系统新冠肺炎疫情防控工作先进集体和先进个人，表彰将向基层一线、向高风险岗位倾斜。这次表彰更多体现出“战地表彰”的特点，即不等到抗疫取得最后胜利再进行表彰。这次是第一批表彰，以后还要陆续开展表彰工作，就是要激励广大医务人员，始终保持强大的战斗力、昂扬的斗志和旺盛的精力，持续健康地投入到抗击疫情的斗争中。谢谢。

Here I would like to share a piece of news with you. Recently, with the approval of the Party Central Committee, the National Health Commission of China decided to recognize and reward a batch of model groups and individuals working on the fight against the COVID-19 outbreak in the national health system. The reward system will favor grassroots, frontline workers and high-risk positions. The commendation has an "on-spot" feature, that is, the commendation won't be granted after the epidemic. In the future, we will continue to carry out the commendation work, so as to ensure medical workers' strength, morale and energy in the fight against the epidemic. Thank you.

袭艳春:

Xi Yanchun:

好，再次感谢几位发布人，也谢谢大家，今天的发布会到此结束。

Ok, thank you again. That concludes today's press conference.