寿小丽:

Shou Xiaoli:

女士们、先生们，大家上午好！欢迎出席国务院新闻办新闻发布会。今天我们继续举行“推动高质量发展”系列主题新闻发布会，我们非常高兴邀请到生态环境部部长黄润秋先生介绍情况，并回答大家关心的问题。出席今天新闻发布会的还有，生态环境部副部长赵英民先生，生态环境部副部长郭芳女士，生态环境部副部长、国家核安全局局长董保同先生。

Ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon. Welcome to this press conference held by the State Council Information Office (SCIO), as part of the series "Promoting High-Quality Development." Today, we have invited Mr. Huang Runqiu, minister of ecology and environment, to brief you on relevant developments and to take your questions. Also present today are Mr. Zhao Yingmin, vice minister of ecology and environment; Ms. Guo Fang, vice minister of ecology and environment; and Mr. Dong Baotong, vice minister of ecology and environment and administrator of the National Nuclear Safety Administration. 

下面，我们首先请黄润秋先生作介绍。

Now, I'll give the floor to Mr. Huang Runqiu for his introduction.

黄润秋:

Huang Runqiu:

谢谢主持人。各位媒体朋友，大家上午好！非常高兴今天再次与大家见面。首先，我代表生态环境部，向大家长期以来对生态环境保护工作的关心、参与和支持表示衷心的感谢！

Thank you. Good morning, everyone. I am delighted to meet with you again today. First of all, on behalf of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude for your long-standing concern, participation and support for our ecological and environmental protection efforts.

高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务，是新时代的硬道理。近年来，生态环境部以习近平生态文明思想为指引，坚持以高水平保护推动高质量发展，协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长，统筹发展和保护的成效不断提升。

High-quality development is the top priority in the new era and in building a modern socialist country in all respects. In recent years, under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, the MEE has been committed to driving high-quality development with high-standard protection, and making concerted efforts to cut carbon emissions, reduce pollution, pursue green development and boost economic growth. The outcomes of our coordinated approach to development and protection have continually improved.

我们持续深入打好污染防治攻坚战，生态环境的“含金量”显著提升。我们坚持精准、科学、依法治污，以更高标准打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战，生态环境质量明显改善，人民群众对生态环境的满意度从2017年的不足80%提升到了2023年的91%以上。这方面，我相信各位媒体朋友都深有体会。我们头顶上的蓝天越来越多了。去年全国重点城市PM2.5的平均浓度是30微克/立方米，比十年前下降了54%，重污染天数下降了83%，优良天比例也连续4年达到了86%以上。北京的改善就更加显著了，我们过去讲“APEC蓝”“阅兵蓝”“冬奥蓝”，实际上“北京蓝”已经渐成常态。我们身边的水越来越清了。去年全国地表水体优良水质断面比例达到89.4%，比十年前提高了25.3个百分点。长江干流连续4年、黄河干流连续2年稳定达到Ⅱ类水质。近岸海域水质优良比例达到85%，创造了历史新高。另外，我们身边的生态越来越美了。全国森林覆盖率去年达到了24.02%，本世纪以来全球新增绿化面积约1/4来自中国，先后命名了572个生态文明建设示范区和240个“绿水青山就是金山银山”实践创新基地，城乡生态环境更加宜居。

We have made persistent efforts in the fight against pollution, leading to marked improvements in our ecological environment. We have promoted accurate, scientific, law-based and systematic pollution control s, and advanced continued efforts to keep the skies blue, waters clear and lands clean. As a result, the quality of the ecological environment has improved significantly, with public satisfaction rising from under 80% in 2017 to over 91% in 2023. Many of you have likely witnessed these improvements firsthand. The skies are becoming clearer. Last year, the average PM2.5 concentration in major cities nationwide was 30 micrograms per cubic meter, a 54% reduction compared to 10 years ago, while the number of heavily polluted days decreased by 83%. For four consecutive years, the proportion of days with good air quality has exceeded 86%. In Beijing, the improvement is even more remarkable; terms like "APEC blue," "military parade blue" and "Winter Olympics blue" are now being replaced by a more enduring "Beijing blue." Our waters are also becoming cleaner. Last year, the proportion of surface water classed as excellent and good quality reached 89.4%, an increase of 25.3 percentage points compared to 10 years ago. The Yangtze River's main stem has maintained Class II water quality for four consecutive years, and the Yellow River's for two years. Coastal water quality has reached an all-time high, with 85% of nearshore waters classified as excellent. Moreover, our ecosystems are becoming more beautiful. Last year, the national forest coverage rate reached 24.02%, with about a quarter of the world's new green areas since the beginning of this century having been created in China. We have designated 572 ecological civilization demonstration zones and 240 bases for innovative practices in line with the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," making urban and rural environments more livable.

我们着力推动减污降碳协同增效，发展的“含绿量”明显增加。一方面，我们持续推动产业结构优化调整，累计淘汰落后煤炭产能10亿吨、钢铁产能3亿吨、水泥产能4亿吨；95%以上煤电机组和45%以上的粗钢产能完成超低排放改造，建成全球规模最大的清洁电力体系和清洁钢铁生产体系。另一方面，我们加快推进能源清洁高效利用，煤炭消费占一次能源消费的比重从十年前的67.4%下降到去年的55.3%；燃煤锅炉也从近50万台减少到不足10万台；我们还完成了北方地区3900万户的清洁取暖和散煤治理改造。同时，在交通运输绿色转型方面，十年来累计淘汰高排放车辆超过4000万辆，新能源公交车占比由十年前的不到20%提高到去年的80%以上，大宗货物清洁运输水平也在持续提升。

We have been actively advancing sustainable development through concerted efforts to reduce pollution and carbon emissions. On one hand, we have continuously optimized and adjusted the industrial structure, cumulatively phasing out 1 billion metric tons of outdated coal capacity, 300 million metric tons of steel capacity, and 400 million metric tons of cement capacity. Over 95% of coal-fired power plants and 45% of crude steel capacity have undergone ultra-low emission upgrades, creating the world's largest clean power and clean steel production systems. On the other hand, we have accelerated the clean and efficient use of energy, reducing the proportion of coal in primary energy consumption from 67.4% a decade ago to 55.3% last year. The number of coal-fired boilers has dropped from nearly 500,000 to fewer than 100,000. Additionally, we have completed clean heating and coal management upgrades for 39 million households in northern China. In the green transformation of transportation, over the past decade, more than 40 million high-emission vehicles have been retired, and the share of new energy buses has increased from less than 20% to over 80%. Clean transportation of bulk goods has also seen steady improvement.

我们坚决守牢美丽中国建设安全底线，高质量发展的生态根基更加稳固。我国陆域生态保护红线面积占比超过了30%，以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系基本建立，90%的陆地生态系统类型和74%的国家重点野生动植物种群得到有效妥善保护，生物多样性持续恢复，实现固体废物“零进口”，各类突发环境事件也得到了妥善处置。另外，2017年以来全国累计完成18.5万个行政村环境整治，2.4万个乡镇及以上饮用水水源地划定了保护区，核与辐射安全态势持续保持平稳，核安全防线进一步筑牢。

We have resolutely safeguarded the ecological foundation of high-quality development, making the path to building a Beautiful China more secure. Over 30% of China's land is now designated as ecological protection zones. A nature reserve system, with national parks as the core, has been established, providing effective protection for 90% of terrestrial ecosystem types and 74% of key national wildlife species. Biodiversity continues to recover, we have achieved "zero import" of solid waste, and various environmental emergencies have been properly managed. Since 2017, we have completed environmental improvements in 185,000 villages nationwide, designated protection zones for 24,000 drinking water sources at the township level and above, maintained stable nuclear and radiation safety conditions, and further strengthened nuclear safety defenses.

我们全面推进生态文明体制改革，绿色低碳高质量发展制度体系不断改善。党中央建立实施了中央生态环境保护督察等一系列重大制度，绿水青山就是金山银山和生态优先、绿色发展的理念更加深入人心。我们加快构建现代环境治理体系，基本建立了全域覆盖的生态环境分区管控体系，实现了固定污染源排污许可全覆盖，实施京津冀环境综合治理国家重大科技专项，推动监测数智化转型，建成全球规模最大的碳排放权交易市场，生态环境治理能力明显提升。中国还展现出负责任大国的担当，作出了碳达峰碳中和的庄严承诺，推动达成“昆明—蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架”，成为全球环境治理和可持续发展的重要参与者、贡献者和引领者。

We have advanced comprehensive reforms in ecological civilization, continually enhancing the institutional framework for green, low-carbon, high-quality development. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has implemented major initiatives such as central government environmental inspections. The philosophy of lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets and the principle of prioritizing ecology and green development have gained wider acceptance. We are building a modern environmental governance system, establishing a nationwide ecological zoning control framework, achieving full coverage of pollutant discharge permits for fixed pollution sources, implementing a major national scientific project for comprehensive environmental management in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and transitioning monitoring systems to digital platforms. We have also established the world's largest carbon emissions trading market, significantly improving our ecological and environmental governance capacity. Furthermore, China has demonstrated its responsibility as a major global player by making solemn commitments to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, and has played a key role in promoting the adoption of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. As such, China has become an important participant, contributor and leader in global environmental governance and sustainable development.

习近平总书记强调，当前生态文明建设仍然处于压力叠加、负重前行的关键期。接下来，生态环境部将深入贯彻党的二十大和二十届二中、三中全会精神，全面落实全国生态环境保护大会部署，深化生态文明体制改革，全力推动生态环境持续改善和根本好转，努力建设人与自然和谐共生的美丽中国。

General Secretary Xi Jinping has underscored that the building of the ecological civilization is still at a critical period where we face multiple pressures and have a lot of difficulties to overcome. Moving forward, the MEE will earnestly implement the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress and the second and third plenary sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee. The MEE will fully execute the decisions made at the national conference on ecological and environmental protection and advance reforms in the institutional arrangements related to ecological civilization. By so doing, the MEE aims to promote sustained and fundamental improvements to the ecological environment and build a beautiful China where humanity and nature coexist harmoniously.

我就先简要介绍这些。下面，我和我的各位同事愿意回答记者朋友们的提问。谢谢大家！

That concludes my briefing. Next, my colleagues and I will take your questions. Thank you.

寿小丽:

Shou Xiaoli:

谢谢黄部长的介绍，下面我们进入提问环节，提问前请通报一下所在的新闻机构。请大家开始举手提问。

Thank you, Mr. Huang. The floor is now open for questions. Please raise your hand and state the news outlet you represent before asking your questions.

中央广播电视总台央视记者:

CCTV:

去年，中共中央、国务院印发了《关于全面推进美丽中国建设的意见》，对美丽中国建设进行了一个系统部署。所以我想请问黄部长，您对于美丽中国有什么样的场景描述？生态环境部目前开展了哪些工作，下一步还有哪些打算？谢谢。

In 2023, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued guidelines to comprehensively promote the development of a "Beautiful China," making systemic arrangements on the Beautiful China initiative. My question is for Mr. Huang: How would you describe a "Beautiful China?" What actions have been taken by the MEE to support this initiative? What are the plans moving forward? Thank you.

黄润秋:

Huang Runqiu:

谢谢这位记者朋友的提问。这个问题是个很激发人想象力的问题。古往今来，描写祖国壮丽河山有不少诗词歌赋和名人画作，比如唐代诗人杜甫写到的“迟日江山丽，春风花草香”；元代画家黄公望的“富春山居图”；更有现代著名文学家老舍先生写到的，“天堂是什么样子，我不知道，但是从我的生活经验去判断，北平之秋便是天堂”。写的多美啊。

Thank you for your questions. The first question is quite thought-provoking. Since ancient times, numerous poems, songs and paintings made by personages have depicted the magnificent landscapes of our country. For example, Tang Dynasty (618-907) poet Du Fu once wrote: "Spring scenery greets the eye; sweet blooms perfume the air." There is also the renowned painting "Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains" by Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368) painter Huang Gongwang. Moreover, the well-known contemporary writer Lao She has also written: "I don't know what paradise looks like, but judging from my life experience, autumn in Beiping (the previous name of Beijing) is paradise." What beautiful words!

习近平总书记曾多次用“蓝天白云、繁星闪烁”“清水绿岸、鱼翔浅底”“鸟语花香、田园风光”“碧海蓝天、洁净沙滩”等优美生动的词汇，为我们描绘出一幅“人与自然和谐共生”的美丽中国新画卷。建设美丽中国，是习近平总书记念兹在兹的“国之大者”，也是中国人民心向往之的奋斗目标。作为生态环境部部长，这也是我和我的同事们的奋斗方向和目标指引。

General Secretary Xi Jinping has on various occasions used such beautiful and vivid words as "blue sky, white clouds, twinkling stars," "clear water, green shore, fish flying in the shallow bottom," "birdsong, flowers, idyllic scenery," and "turquoise sea, blue sky, clean beaches" to paint for us a new picture of "Beautiful China" characterized by the harmonious coexistence between human beings and nature. The development of a "Beautiful China" is not only a matter of great significance for the country that General Secretary Xi Jinping bears in mind, but is also a shared aspiration of the Chinese people. As the minister of ecology and environment, I am committed, along with my colleagues, to making this vision the guiding goal of our work.

我理解，美丽中国至少有三个层面的含义，可以形象地表达为：“外美、内丽、气质佳”。“外美”就是生态环境美，这是美丽中国最重要、最显著，也是最根本的标志，也就是天蓝、地绿、水清，城乡人居环境优美；“内丽”就是发展的高质量，这是美丽中国的内在要求，也就是绿色低碳的生产生活方式广泛形成，新质生产力、绿色生产力成为发展的主引擎；“气质佳”就是制度机制优，这是美丽中国的关键支撑，也就是生态环境治理体系和治理能力现代化基本实现。

In my view, the Beautiful China initiative encompasses at least three aspects, which can be vividly summarized as "outer charm," "inner beauty" and "great temperament." "Outer charm" refers to the beauty of the ecological environment, which is the most significant, prominent and fundamental indicator of the initiative. This includes blue skies, lucid landscapes, clear waters and beautiful urban and rural living environments. "Inner beauty" indicates the high quality of development, which is the intrinsic condition of the initiative. Specifically, we will promote widespread adoption of green and low-carbon production and lifestyles, ensuring that new quality productive forces and eco-friendly production forces become main growth drivers. "Great temperament" represents well-conceived institutional arrangements, which are also key enablers of the initiative. This means basically modernizing the environmental governance system and capability. 

党中央确定的目标是到2035年美丽中国目标基本实现。因此，当前和今后十年是全面推进美丽中国建设的关键时期，生态环境部将切实担起牵头部门的责任，持续推动美丽中国建设工作，可以概括为“四个一”。第一个“1”，是构建一套“1+1+N”的实施体系，这里前两个“1”分别指党中央、国务院已经出台的关于全面推进美丽中国建设的意见和即将出台的建设美丽中国先行区的实施意见，“N”是美丽城市、美丽乡村以及绿色金融、绿色交通、科技支撑等24项分领域行动方案，在各相关部门的大力支持下，这些文件正陆续出台。第二个“1”是推出一批标志性改革成果，出台加强生态环境分区管控的意见，深化省以下生态环境机构监测监察执法制度改革，稳步扩大全国碳市场行业覆盖范围，研究制定生态环境保护督察工作条例等。第三个“1”是培育一系列实践示范样板。我们已经先后推出了56个美丽河湖、20个美丽海湾优秀案例，持续实施无废城市、低碳城市创新试点，探索生态产品价值实现的有效路径。最后一个“1”就是实施一揽子支撑保障措施。构建美丽中国建设成效考核评价体系，打好法治、市场、科技、政策“组合拳”。

The goal set by the CPC Central Committee is to essentially accomplish the building of a "Beautiful China" by 2035. Therefore, the current year and the upcoming decade represent a critical period for comprehensively advancing this initiative. The MEE will effectively shoulder its responsibility in leading the initiative and will continuously promote efforts in this regard, focusing on specific measures in the following four aspects. First, the MEE will establish a three-tiered implementation system. The first two tiers refer to the guidelines to comprehensively promote the development of a "Beautiful China" already published by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, along with the upcoming implementation guidelines for pilot zones dedicated to building a "Beautiful China." The third tier encompasses a total of 24 action plans tailored to the needs of specific sectors, such as "beautiful cities," "beautiful countryside," green finance, green transportation and scientific and technological support, amongst others. These documents are being introduced with the support of related government bodies. Second, the MEE will launch a group of landmark reform achievements. It will issue guidelines on strengthening district-specific management of the ecological environment as well as deepen institutional reforms related to the monitoring, supervision and law enforcement of ecological environment organs below the provincial level. It will also steadily expand the coverage of the country's carbon trading market to include more sectors, as well as study and formulate work regulations for the supervision of ecological environment protection. Third, the MEE will develop a series of demonstrative practice models. It has already introduced 56 cases focused on the development of beautiful lakes and rivers, as well as 20 cases concerning beautiful bay areas. The MEE will continue to develop innovative pilot projects for "zero waste" and low-carbon cities, and explore effective approaches to realize the value of ecological products. Last but not least, the MEE will implement a package of supportive measures. It will establish an evaluation and assessment system on the development effectiveness of the Beautiful China initiative, and make good use of the rule of law, the market, science and technology as well as related policies.

下一步，我们将锚定美丽中国目标，分阶段、分步骤、有计划系统推进美丽中国建设，实现“十四五”深入攻坚、“十五五”巩固拓展、“十六五”整体提升。同时，我们还将开展美丽中国建设全民行动，大力弘扬生态文化，引导践行绿色低碳生活方式，汇聚起美丽中国建设的磅礴力量，共同谱写各美其美、美美与共的美丽中国新篇章。

Moving forward, the MEE will remain focused on the goal of building a "Beautiful China," and systematically advance this initiative in a phased, step-by-step and well-planned manner. We will ensure that efforts are made to tackle key challenges during the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021-2025), consolidate and expand progress during the 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026-2030) and achieve overall improvement during the 16th Five-Year Plan period (2031-2035). In the meantime, the MEE will get everyone to participate in the building of a "Beautiful China," intensify efforts to promote the ecological civilization and guide the public to adopt a green and low-carbon lifestyle. By doing so, we will pool greater strength to build a "Beautiful China" and jointly usher in a new chapter for all to prosper individually and collectively. 

谢谢！

Thank you.

中国青年报记者:

China Youth Daily:

我们知道，近年来生态环境部开展“蓝天保卫战”取得了一定的成效，人们从几年前的晒蓝天，到现在对蓝天已经习以为常。请问现阶段大气污染防治新的难点和重点在哪里？下一步的工作重点有哪些？谢谢。

As we understand, the MEE in recent years has made certain gains in the fight to keep our skies blue. Blue skies, which were notable enough to be posted on social media a few years ago, have now become a regular expectation. What are the new difficulties and priorities with efforts to prevent and control air pollution currently? What will be the focus next? Thank you.

赵英民:

Zhao Yingmin:

谢谢您的提问。近年来，蓝天保卫战取得的成效大家有目共睹，就像刚才黄部长提到的，过去十年，我们国家细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度显著下降，成为全球空气质量改善速度最快的国家。蓝天不仅数量上去了，“品质”也更高了。联合国环境规划署将北京空气质量改善成效誉为“北京奇迹”，“红墙黄瓦映蓝天”已成为市民游客相册里的“标配”。

Thank you for your questions. In recent years, progress in the fight to keep our skies blue has been apparent to all. As Mr. Huang mentioned earlier, China has seen a significant drop in PM2.5 levels over the past decade, making it the fastest country in the world to improve air quality. Not only have the number of blue-sky days increased, but their quality has also improved. The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) has even hailed Beijing's progress in air quality improvement as "Beijing Miracle." Nowadays, red walls, yellow glazed roof tiles and blue skies have become a common element in the photo albums of both citizens and tourists.

根据《关于全面推进美丽中国建设的意见》要求，到2035年，全国PM2.5浓度要下降到25微克/立方米以下，这意味着全国339个城市全年平均浓度要达到现在北京6月到9月的水平，实现这个目标还面临着不小的挑战。过去，我们大力推动落后产能淘汰和北方地区清洁取暖，全面打击违法违规排污行为，取得积极成效，但是目前这些措施带来的减排红利已大幅减少，我国大气污染治理进入深水区，未来要更多依靠产业、能源、交通结构的绿色低碳转型，协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长。此外，近年来我国春季沙尘、夏季异常高温、秋冬季高湿静稳等不利气象因素频现，也给大气环境质量带来了较大冲击。可以说，持续改善大气环境质量任重道远。

According to the Opinions on Comprehensively Promoting the Construction of a Beautiful China, by 2035, the national PM2.5 concentration should be reduced to below 25 micrograms per cubic meter. This means that the annual average concentration in 339 cities across the country needs to reach the level of Beijing from June to September. There are significant challenges to achieving this goal. In the past, we vigorously eliminated backward production capacity and promoted clean heating in northern China, and comprehensively cracked down on illegal pollution discharges, achieving positive results. However, the emission reduction benefits from these measures have significantly decreased, and our progress on atmospheric pollution control has entered the most difficult stage. In the future, we must rely more on the green and low-carbon transformation of industry, energy and transportation structures, making concerted efforts to cut carbon emissions, reduce pollution, pursue green development and boost economic growth. In addition, unfavorable meteorological factors such as spring dust storms, abnormal summer heatwaves, and high humidity and atmospheric stagnation in fall and winter have frequently occurred in recent years, having a considerable impact on atmospheric environmental quality. It can be said that the task of continuously improving atmospheric quality remains arduous and far-reaching.

下一步，我们将锚定美丽中国目标，以持续打好蓝天保卫战为抓手，扎实推进绿色低碳转型发展，以空气质量持续改善来推动经济高质量发展。一是突出精准治污，加大结构优化调整力度，高质量推进钢铁、水泥、焦化行业超低排放改造，推动燃煤锅炉关停整合和工业炉窑清洁能源替代，加快推广新能源车，推动减污降碳协同增效。二是突出科学治污，以重点区域为主战场，以降低PM2.5浓度为主线，以减少重污染天气为重点，大力推动氮氧化物和挥发性有机污染物减排，协同控制臭氧污染。三是突出依法治污。进一步完善法律法规标准体系，深入推进排污许可管理，严格依法监管、依法治理，落实“一企一策”，坚决反对“一刀切”。

Next, we will anchor the goal of building a Beautiful China, continue to keep our skies blue as the focal point, solidly promote green and low-carbon transformation and development, and make continuous improvements in air quality to drive high-quality economic development. First, we must control pollution in a targeted manner. We will intensify structural optimization and adjustment, advance high-quality ultra-low emission retrofits in the steel, cement and coking industries, promote the shutdown and consolidation of coal-fired boilers and the substitution of clean energy for industrial furnaces, accelerate the promotion of new energy vehicles, and promote the synergistic enhancement of pollution and carbon reduction. Second, we will continue to control pollution in a science-based way. We will take key regions as the main battleground, regard reducing PM2.5 concentrations as the main line, focus on reducing the number of heavily polluted days, vigorously promote reductions in nitrogen oxides and volatile organic pollutants, and coordinately control ozone pollution. Third, we will emphasize pollution control in accordance with the law. We will further improve the laws, regulations and standards system, deepen the management of pollution discharge permits, strictly carry out supervision and management in accordance with the law, implement tailored policies for enterprises, and resolutely oppose one-size-fits-all approaches.

我相信，通过全社会共同努力，一定能打赢这场蓝天保卫战，让蓝天白云、繁星闪烁渐成常态，让老百姓的蓝天幸福感更可持续。谢谢！

I believe that through the joint efforts of the whole of society, we will win this battle for blue skies, making blue skies and twinkling stars the norm, and making the people's happiness with blue skies more sustainable. Thank you.

每日经济新闻记者:

National Business Daily:

我们知道，水是生命之源、生产之要、生态之基，请问生态环境部在水生态环境保护方面都开展了哪些工作，接下来还如何推动水环境质量进一步好转？谢谢。

We know that water is the source of life, crucial for production and the foundation of ecology. What work has the MEE done to protect the water ecosystem, and how do you plan to further improve water environments in the future? Thank you.

郭芳:

Guo Fang:

谢谢这位记者的提问。保护江河湖泊，事关人民群众福祉，事关中华民族长远发展。正如刚才黄润秋部长介绍的，这几年来，我们持续推进碧水保卫战，重拳减排、铁腕治污，我国水生态环境保护发生了重大转折性变化。在这里，我也向大家再重复几个数据，刚才部长也跟大家介绍了，2023年，全国地表水优良水质断面比例达到89.4%，已经超出“十四五”目标4.4个百分点；长江干流连续四年、黄河干流连续两年全线达到Ⅱ类水质，母亲河正逐步恢复生机活力。主要开展了四方面工作：

Thank you for your question. Protecting rivers and lakes is related to the well-being of the people and the long-term development of the Chinese nation. As Mr. Huang just introduced, in recent years, we have continuously carried out the campaign to keep waters clear, vigorously reduced emissions and cracked down on pollution, resulting in significant and transformative changes in our country's water ecological environment protection. Here, I would like to repeat some figures that the minister just mentioned. In 2023, the proportion of surface water classed as excellent and good quality reached 89.4%, exceeding the 14th Five-Year Plan target by 4.4 percentage points. The main stem of the Yangtze River has maintained Class II water quality for four consecutive years, and the main stem of the Yellow River has maintained Class II water quality for two consecutive years. Our mother rivers are gradually recovering vitality. We have mainly carried out work in four areas:

水环境治理持续深化。我们都知道，水的问题是在水里，但是根子都在岸上，只有抓牢入河排污口排查整治这个“牛鼻子”，倒逼岸上各类污染源治理，才能解决问题。目前，已累计排查河湖岸线56万公里，推动解决近20万个污水直排、乱排问题。比如，环太湖地区持续加强控源截污，2023年，主要入湖河流水质优良比例达到100%，很重要的表现是太湖蓝藻水华的最大面积同比减少了50.8%；今年上半年，太湖未监测到明显水华，处于2007年暴发大面积水华以来的最低水平，治理成效明显。

Water environment treatment has been continuously deepened. We all know that water problems occur in the water, but the root causes are all on shore. Only by firmly grasping the investigation and remediation of sewage outlet discharges into rivers and forcibly treating various pollution sources on shore can we solve the problem. Currently, we have investigated 560,000 kilometers of river and lake shorelines and resolved nearly 200,000 issues of direct and random sewage discharges. For example, the Taihu Lake region has continuously strengthened pollution source control and interception, leading the proportion of water quality classed as good in the main rivers flowing into the lake to reach 100% in 2023. An important manifestation is that the maximum area of cyanobacteria blooms in Taihu Lake decreased by 50.8% year on year. In the first half of this year, no significant blooms were detected in the lake, which are at their lowest level since the large-scale outbreak in 2007, demonstrating significant treatment results.

水生态保护修复持续推进。“十四五”以来，在全国七大流域开展了水生态状况监测调查，以长江流域为重点开展了水生态考核试点，构建以水生态系统健康为核心的指标体系，引导地方加大保护修复力度。长江刀鲚时隔30年，再次上溯到长江中游江段和洞庭湖区，大家很喜爱的“微笑天使”江豚也在沿江频频现身。

Water ecological protection and restoration have been continuously promoted. Since the 14th Five-Year Plan, we have conducted monitoring and surveys of water ecological conditions in China's seven major river basins, carried out pilot water ecological assessments focusing on the Yangtze River basin, established an indicator system centered on water ecosystem health, and guided local authorities to intensify protection and restoration efforts. After 30 years, the Coilia nasus (Chinese tapertail anchovy) has once again migrated upstream to the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and Dongting Lake. The beloved "smiling angel," the Yangtze finless porpoise, has also frequently appeared along the river.

生态用水保障持续加强。出台重点流域水生态环境保护规划，明确重点河湖生态流量保障目标，强化流域生态环境统一监管，推动解决河流断流干涸、湖泊湿地萎缩等突出问题。2023年，断流20多年的永定河实现了全年全线有水，山西晋祠千年古泉30年来首次复流。

Ecological water use has been continuously guaranteed We have issued plans for the ecological environment protection of key river basins, clarified the water flow targets for ensuring the ecological environment of key rivers and lakes, strengthened unified supervision of river basins' ecological environment, and promoted the resolution of prominent issues such as rivers drying up and lake wetland degradation. In 2023, the Yongding River, which had been dry for more than 20 years, achieved year-round water flow, and the ancient spring at Jinci Temple in Shanxi province flowed again after 30 years.

流域管理改革持续深化。推动出台长江、黄河保护法，设立七大流域生态环境监督管理机构，统筹开展流域督察、省域督察，健全跨省流域横向生态保护补偿机制，有效激发流域上下游协同保护积极性。新安江作为全国跨省流域生态补偿机制试点，12年来，省界断面水质始终保持在Ⅱ类，补偿从“试点”成为“经验”，目前已经在23个省域、27个流域进行了复刻推广。

River basin management reform has been continuously deepened. We have promoted the issuance of laws protecting the Yangtze and Yellow rivers, established ecological environment supervision and management institutions for the seven major river basins, carried out basin inspections and provincial inspections in a coordinated manner, improved horizontal ecological protection compensation mechanisms across provinces, and effectively stimulated upstream and downstream collaboration in river basin protection. The Xin'an River, as a pilot for ecological compensation mechanisms across provinces in China, has maintained Class II water quality at the provincial boundary section for 12 years. The compensation mechanism has provided experience, being replicated and promoted in 23 provinces and 27 river basins.

当然，我们也要看到，水污染防治、水生态修复依然任重道远。下一步，我们将以美丽河湖建设为重要抓手，加强水资源、水环境、水生态“三水”统筹，督促地方补齐环境基础设施突出短板，推动重要流域构建上下游贯通一体的生态环境治理体系，稳定改善水生态环境质量，让越来越多的河湖呈现“清水绿岸、鱼翔浅底”的美好景象。谢谢！

Of course, we must recognize that the prevention of water pollution and the restoration of water ecosystems still face significant challenges and have a long way to go. Moving forward, we'll focus on building beautiful rivers and lakes and strengthening the coordination of water resources, environment and ecology. We'll urge local governments to address severe gaps in environmental infrastructure, promoting integrated upstream-downstream ecological governance systems in key river basins. We aim to steadily improve water ecosystem quality by presenting more scenes of "clear waters, green shores and fish swimming in shallow waters." Thank you. 

中国新闻社记者:

China News Service:

统筹高质量发展和高水平保护，是推进中国式现代化需要正确把握的重大关系，也是生态环境保护工作面临的重大考题。请问如何理解高水平保护？生态环境部门将从哪些方面破题？谢谢。

Balancing high-quality development and high-level protection is crucial for advancing Chinese modernization. It's also a major challenge for ecological and environmental protection. How should we understand high-level protection? What steps will environmental departments take to address this? Thank you.

黄润秋:

Huang Runqiu: 

感谢这位记者朋友的提问，我来回答您这个问题。在生态文明建设的道路上，正确处理好发展与保护的关系是一个永恒的主题，也是一个世界性的难题。去年召开的全国生态环境保护大会上，习近平总书记创造性地提出了新征程推进生态文明建设需要处理好的“五个重大关系”。其中，首要的就是正确处理高质量发展和高水平保护的关系，这是管总的，是起引领作用的。生态优先、绿色低碳的高质量发展，也只有依靠高水平保护才能实现，因此，高水平保护是高质量发展的根本保障和应有之义；反过来，高质量发展可以为高水平保护提供强劲动力。那么，什么是高水平保护？如何以高水平保护支撑高质量发展？我有以下认识。

Thank you for your question. I will answer it. Correctly handling the relationship between development and protection is a longstanding and global challenge in ecological conservation. At last year's National Conference on Eco-environmental Protection, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed the "five major relationships" that need to be handled in advancing ecological conservation on the new journey. The first and foremost is correctly balancing the relationship between high-quality development and high-level protection, which is comprehensive and plays a leading role. High-quality development, which is characterized by prioritizing the ecology and promoting green and low-carbon growth, can only be achieved through high-level protection. This protection is fundamental to and inherent in high-quality development. Conversely, high-quality development can robustly drive high-level protection. So, what is high-level protection, and how can it support high-quality development? Here are my thoughts:

其一，要更加注重源头防控，形成高水平的调控体系。这是从根源上降低碳排放和污染物排放、改善环境质量的治本之策，要深入实施生态环境分区管控、差异化管控，从源头上为优化生产力布局提供绿色标尺；全面开展多领域多层次减污降碳协同创新，加快推动高耗能、高排放等重点行业绿色低碳转型。

First, we need to focus more on prevention at the source and establish a high-level regulatory system. This is fundamental to reducing carbon emissions and pollutants at their source, thereby improving environmental quality. We must implement ecological and environmental zoning management and differentiated control measures, providing a green standard for optimizing the layout of productive forces from the outset. We'll promote coordinated innovation in pollution reduction and carbon reduction across various fields and levels, accelerating the green and low-carbon transformation of key industries with high energy consumption and emissions.

其二，要更加注重精准管控，形成高水平的治理体系。进一步把精准治污的要求贯穿到我们工作的全过程和各方面，精准识别生态环境问题的类型及成因，找准主要矛盾和矛盾的主要方面，做到问题、时间、区位、对象、措施“五个精准”，靶向治疗、精准施策，不搞“一刀切”，不搞简单治理、粗放治理，更不走过场、搞形式主义。

Second, we should emphasize precise management and establish a high-level governance system. We'll incorporate precise pollution control requirements throughout our work, accurately identifying types and causes of ecological and environmental issues and pinpointing main contradictions and their key aspects. We'll ensure precision in addressing problems, timeframes, locations, targets and measures, as well as adopting targeted treatments and policies. We'll avoid one-size-fits-all approaches, simplistic methods and formalism.

其三，要更加注重规范倒逼，形成高水平的标准体系。通过推动标准体系的优化升级，规范各类污染物排放行为，倒逼行业技术进步，引领经济社会发展绿色转型。

Third, we should focus more on regulatory enforcement and establish a high-level standards system. By promoting the optimization and upgrading of the standards system, we'll regulate pollutant emission behaviors and drive technological advancements across various industries, leading the green transformation of economic and social development.

第四，要更加注重市场引导，形成高水平的政策体系。健全排污权、碳排放权等环境要素市场化配置体系，加快构建环境信用监管体系，统筹实施生态产品价值实现、生态保护补偿、生态环境损害赔偿等制度，从而激发保护生态环境的内生动力。

Fourth, we should focus more on market guidance, forming a high-level policy system. We'll improve the market-based allocation system for environmental elements like emissions rights and carbon credits and accelerate the establishment of an environmental credit supervision system. We'll also coordinate the implementation of systems such as realizing ecological product value, ecological protection compensation and environmental damage compensation. This will inspire internal motivation to preserve the environment.

最后，要更加注重科技赋能，形成高水平的技术体系。深化生态环境领域科技体制改革，构建绿色技术创新体系，实施生态环境科技创新重大行动，提升美丽中国建设科技支撑能力。

Finally, we must place greater emphasis on technological empowerment and build a high-level technical system. We'll deepen reform in science and technology systems for ecological and environmental protection, establish a green technology innovation system, and implement major initiatives for scientific and technological innovation in ecological and environmental protection. These efforts will enhance technological support for the Beautiful China Initiative. 

高质量发展是高水平保护的目标指向和价值取向。这其中，新质生产力是实现高水平保护和高质量发展双向转化的重要抓手。近期，生态环境部出台了生态环境领域促进新质生产力的一系列政策措施，将进一步发挥生态环境保护的引领、优化和倒逼作用，促进经济社会发展全面绿色转型，以高水平保护塑造发展新动能、新优势，不断厚植高质量发展的绿色底色。谢谢！

High-quality development is the goal and value orientation of high-level protection. In this context, new quality productive forces are key to the bidirectional transformation between high-level protection and high-quality development. The MEE recently introduced policies to promote new quality productive forces in the ecological and environmental field. These are expected to enhance environmental protection's role in guiding, optimizing and driving change, promote comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, shape new drivers and advantages through high-level protection, and continually strengthen the green foundation of high-quality development. Thank you.

封面新闻记者:

Cover News: 

生态环境监测是生态环境保护的基础，是生态文明建设的重要支撑。请问在生态环境监测方面开展了哪些工作？下一步，将如何推动构建现代化生态环境监测体系，为建设人与自然和谐共生的现代化提供监测保障？谢谢。

Ecological and environmental monitoring is fundamental to ecological and environmental protection and critical for ecological conservation. What work has been carried out in the field of ecological and environmental monitoring? What steps will be taken to develop a modernized monitoring system to ensure harmonious coexistence between people and nature? Thank you.

董保同:

Dong Baotong: 

谢谢您的提问。生态环境监测确实是生态环境保护的基础性、支撑性工作。近年来，在习近平生态文明思想科学指引下，生态环境监测工作上了一个大台阶，我们建成了全球规模最大、要素最齐全、技术手段较先进的生态环境监测网络，为生态环境保护、污染防治攻坚发挥了重要的支撑作用。刚才黄部长介绍的那些成绩，我们的监测数据是最有力的证明。

Thank you for your question. Ecological and environmental monitoring is indeed foundational and supportive of protection efforts. Our monitoring work has reached new heights in recent years, guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization. We've built the world's largest, most comprehensive and technologically advanced ecological and environmental monitoring network, providing crucial support for environmental protection and pollution control. Our monitoring data strongly support the achievements Mr. Huang mentioned.

从网络规模看，我部直接组织监测的站点达3.3万个，其中空气点位1734个，地表水点位3646个，地下水点位1912个，海洋点位1359个，还有辐射监测点位1834个，土壤监测点位更多，有2.2万个，这个体系覆盖了所有地级及以上城市、重点流域和管辖海域。

Regarding network scale, the ministry directly monitors 33,000 stations, including 1,734 air monitoring points, 3,646 surface water points, 1,912 groundwater points, 1,359 marine points, 1,834 radiation points, and 22,000 soil monitoring points. This system covers all cities at the prefecture level and above, key river basins, and waters under China's jurisdiction.

从监测要素看，除了水、气、土壤这些传统重点监测的内容以外，这些年还增加了生态质量监测、生物多样性监测、温室气体监测、新污染物监测，就是很多新领域的监测，从监测要素上基本做到了全覆盖。

In terms of monitoring elements, in addition to traditional key monitoring factors such as water, air and soil, new elements have been added in recent years, including environmental quality, biodiversity, greenhouse gases and new pollutants. The process now covers basically all the monitoring elements.

从技术手段看，现在传统的手工监测已经不是主体了，自动化监测已经成为主要方式，无人机、走航车、激光雷达成为各地监测站的“标配”，我部作为牵头用户的在轨卫星达到7颗，这为监测的科学化提供了有力保障。

In terms of technical means, automated monitoring has taken precedence over traditional manual monitoring as the main approach, with drones, mobile monitoring vehicles and lidar having become standard equipment at monitoring stations across the country. As the leading user, the MEE has a total of seven satellites in orbit, providing strong support for scientific monitoring.

基于这张现代化的监测网络，我们现在基本能做到各方面监测数据的“真、准、全、快、新”，对污染防治攻坚起到了非常重要的支撑作用。我们能够掌握基数、掌握动态、发现问题，也能够把握规律，指导污染防治攻坚深入推进。

Based on this modern monitoring network, we can now ensure that the monitoring data is true, accurate, comprehensive, fast and new in all aspects. This plays a crucial supporting role in the prevention and control of pollution. We are able to understand the baselines, follow the dynamics, identify issues, as well as grasp the rules to guide the advancement of pollution prevention and control.

下一步，我们将按照党的二十届三中全会的部署要求，重点推进生态环境监测体系现代化，这是我们的总目标，具体抓手主要是推进监测数智化转型。具体有以下几个方面：

Next, in accordance with the requirements of the third plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, we will focus on promoting the modernization of the environmental monitoring system. This is our overall goal, and specifically, we will take the digital and intelligent transformation of monitoring as a driver. The key aspects include:

第一，完善监测网络。刚才说过，整个网络体系有了，还要进一步健全天空地海一体化监测网络，补齐短板，比如海洋监测、生态质量监测、生物多样性监测、新污染物监测。同时，还要进一步加强自动化、数字化和智能化的转型。

First, enhancing the monitoring network. As mentioned earlier, now that the entire system is in place, we will work to improve the integrated monitoring network covering land, sea, air and space, and address weak links, such as marine monitoring, environmental quality monitoring, biodiversity monitoring, and new pollutant monitoring. Additionally, we will strengthen the transformation toward automation, digitization and intelligence.

第二，强化监测监管。排污单位的第三方监测数据造假问题社会上比较关注，要进一步强化穿透式监管，依法严厉打击、遏制数据造假。

Second, strengthening monitoring supervision. Fraudulent third-party monitoring data from polluting units has drawn significant social attention. We will enhance in-depth supervision, and strictly crack down on data fraud in accordance with the law.　

第三，强化数据应用。加强监测数据集成融合、智慧分析，更精准地支撑污染防治攻坚。刚才，记者也问到了美丽中国建设，下一步，我们要提出一套美丽中国建设监测指标体系，美丽中国怎么美，监测数据告诉您。谢谢！

Third, enhancing data application. We will bolster the integration and smart analysis of monitoring data to support the fight against pollution more precisely. A reporter just now inquired about the building of a Beautiful China. Going forward, we will establish a set of monitoring indicators for this goal. The monitoring data will reveal whether a Beautiful China has been built or not. Thank you.

浙江日报潮新闻记者:

Tide News under Zhejiang Daily Press Group:

农村是城市的后花园，农村污染治理是深入打好污染防治攻坚战的重要任务，也是实施乡村振兴战略的重要举措。请问，生态环境部在农业农村污染治理方面取得了哪些进展？还将采取哪些措施绘就宜居宜业和美乡村的新画卷？谢谢。

Rural areas are the "back gardens" of cities. Controlling rural pollution is an important task to fight pollution and a significant measure in implementing the rural revitalization strategy. Could you elaborate on the progress made by the MEE in the control of agricultural and rural pollution? What measures will be taken to paint a new picture of livable, business-friendly, harmonious and beautiful rural areas? Thank you.

郭芳:

Guo Fang:

谢谢您的提问。美丽乡村是美丽中国建设不可或缺的重要部分，浙江“千万工程”就是从群众反映最突出的环境问题入手，坚持20余年，实现了从“脏乱差”到“绿富美”的华丽“转身”，为农村污染防治、美丽乡村建设提供了有益经验。

Thank you for your questions. Beautiful rural areas are an indispensable part of the building of a Beautiful China. The Green Rural Revival Program of Zhejiang province started by addressing the most prominent environmental issues raised by the public. Over more than 20 years, these villages have achieved a magnificent transformation from "dirty, disorderly and poor" to "green, affluent and beautiful." This has provided valuable experience for rural pollution control and the building of beautiful rural areas.

近年来，生态环境部会同有关部门着力推广“千万工程”经验，注重“房前屋后”，紧盯“田边道旁”，推动解决群众关心的环境问题。“十四五”以来，全国新增完成行政村环境整治6.7万个，农村生活污水治理率达到45%以上，化肥农药利用率超过41%，畜禽粪污综合利用率达到78%，农膜回收率达到80%以上，通过“两项重点整治，一个系统加强”，农村生态环境得到明显改善。

In recent years, the MEE, in collaboration with relevant departments, has been actively promoting the experience of the Green Rural Revival Program. We have focused on areas in front of and behind houses and along fields and roadsides, and made efforts to address environmental issues that concern the public. Since the start of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25), 67,000 administrative villages nationwide have completed environmental improvements, the treatment rate of rural domestic sewage has exceeded 45%, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has surpassed 41%, comprehensive utilization of livestock and poultry manure has reached 78%, and the recycling rate of agricultural film has exceeded 80%. Through the following "two focuses and one systematic improvement," the rural environment has shown remarkable improvements.

重点之一是农村生活污水整治。不照搬“城市经验”，而是提出“三基本”整治目标，即“基本看不到污水横流、基本闻不到臭味、基本听不到村民怨言”。我们以不让污水直排环境作为底线，指导各地因地施策，选择合适的工艺和治理模式，特别鼓励资源化利用。在云南文山等地，将无害化处理后的生活污水还田利用，种菜种粮种花，投入少、易管护、成本低、肥效好，很受当地农民欢迎。

The first focus is the treatment of rural domestic sewage. Instead of directly applying "urban experiences," the approach involves setting the "three basic" treatment goals, namely: "basically not seeing sewage flowing, basically not smelling odor, and basically not hearing complaints from villagers." We established a bottom line of preventing direct discharge of sewage, and guided localities to adopt tailored strategies and select appropriate treatment technologies and methods, particularly encouraging resource utilization. In places like Wenshan, Yunnan province, treated domestic sewage is reused for agricultural purposes, such as growing vegetables, grains and flowers. This method, which is cost-effective, easy to manage and effective, has been well received by local farmers.

重点之二是整治农村黑臭水体。“十四五”以来，共治理国家监管黑臭水体3700余个、省级监管水体6100余个，昔日的“臭水沟”“污水塘”现在都变成群众身边的“山水画”“民心广场”。举个例子，在山西晋城，黑臭水体的治理融入了当地传统村落文化传承，重现“一汪碧水绕古村”的画面，其中有个米西村，现在成了特别网红的《黑神话：悟空》里铁佛寺的取景地，国庆长假也快到了，有兴趣的可以到实地去体验。

The other focus is the treatment of black and odorous water bodies in rural areas. Since the start of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25), over 3,700 black and odorous water bodies under national supervision and over 6,100 such water bodies under provincial supervision have been treated. Former "smelly ditches" and "dirty ponds" have now been transformed into "picturesque waterscapes" and "gathering places" for residents. For example, in Jincheng, Shanxi province, the treatment of black and odorous water bodies has been integrated into the local efforts to carry forward traditional village culture, recreating the scene of "clean water flowing around the ancient village." Mixi village, the location of the Iron Buddha Temple from the hit game "Black Myth: Wukong," has now become a popular tourist spot. With the National Day holiday approaching, those of you who are interested can visit to see for yourself.

一个加强是系统加强农用地土壤保护，注重“治用养”结合，确保“吃得放心”。全国共划出210个重点区域，执行重金属特别排放限值。支持近400个遗留废渣治理项目，完成了2300余个企业整治。推动落实黑土地保护措施，恢复保持地力，促进土壤有机质含量提升和土壤健康。

The one systematic improvement refers to strengthening agricultural land and soil protection. We have focused our efforts on the treatment, utilization and conservation of land and soil to ensure food safety. In total, 210 key areas have been designated nationwide, where we set special limits for heavy metal emissions. We have provided support for nearly 400 legacy waste treatment projects and completed the actions against the illegal operations of over 2,300 companies. Efforts have been made to protect the black soil, restore and maintain soil fertility, and promote increases in organic matter and soil health.

当然，我国村庄面广量大，各类的环境问题还是会时有发生，比如一些地方农村污水处理设施已建而不正常运营，畜禽粪污、生活垃圾乱堆乱放等等。为此，我们也健全了问题发现机制，并且为了不增加基层的负担，我们不以层层报数来评判工作成效，而是通过随机抽样，也包括请媒体的朋友们监督，我们和人民网专门形成了一个通道，把人民网基层来信，作为我们的问题线索，“四不两直”开展调查取证、案例通报、定期调度，及时发现问题、解决问题，拓展农村环境整治的成效。

Of course, China has vast rural areas where environmental problems still occur from time to time. For example, in some regions, rural sewage treatment facilities have been built but are not operating normally, and livestock and poultry manure as well as household waste is randomly dumped. As such, we have optimized the problem finding mechanism. In order not to increase the burden on the grassroots, we do not evaluate the work of local governments by the number of reports submitted, but rather by random sampling, and we also ask the media to assist with supervision. We and the People's Daily Online formed a special channel, using messages they received from the grassroots as a key source for identifying problems. We conduct special checks that start without prior notice, forgo any form of work report, escort or official hospitality, and go directly to the site at the community level. We have also carried out field surveys, evidence collection, case notification and regular scheduling to discover and resolve problems in a timely manner, in a bid to expand the achievements of rural environmental improvements.

下一步，重点还是要围绕美丽中国建设目标，出台美丽乡村建设实施方案，统筹推动乡村生态振兴、农村人居环境整治，有力防治农业面源污染，久久为功，努力把农村建设成为“留得住青山绿水、记得住乡愁”的美丽宜居幸福家园。谢谢！

Maintaining our goal of building a Beautiful China, we will formulate implementation plans to support the beautiful countryside initiative, comprehensively enhance the rural revitalization strategy, improve the rural living environment, and make sustained efforts to prevent and control agricultural non-point pollution. By doing so, rural areas are expected to be built into beautiful, livable and happy homes that contain lush mountains, lucid waters, and typical rustic charm. Thank you.

光明日报记者:

Guangming Daily:

核安全是核电发展的生命线，怎么重视都不为过。请问生态环境部在核与辐射安全上采取了哪些保障措施？谢谢。

Nuclear safety is of the absolute utmost significance to nuclear power development. What measures has the MEE taken to guarantee nuclear and radiation safety? Thank you.

董保同:

Dong Baotong:

谢谢您的提问。就像您刚才讲的，核安全是核电的生命线，确保核安全责任重于泰山。这些年来，生态环境部（国家核安全局）认真贯彻习近平总书记提出的总体国家安全观和核安全观，在确保核安全方面做了很多扎实的工作。主要有以下几个方面：

Thank you for your question. As you mentioned, nuclear safety is the lifeblood of nuclear power development, and guaranteeing nuclear safety is of the utmost importance. In recent years, the MEE and NNSA have earnestly applied the holistic approach to national security and nuclear security proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and worked hard to guarantee nuclear safety. Our work has mainly focused on the following aspects:

第一，依法压实企业的主体责任。核电厂都是企业在运营。我们督促企业自觉把核安全摆在最高优先级，有效运行企业内部安全保障体系，同时做到各个环节无缝衔接。

First, we have ensured enterprises that operate nuclear power plants fulfil their principal responsibilities in line with the law. Nuclear power plants are all operated by enterprises. We urge the enterprises to give top priority to nuclear safety, effectively operate the safety guarantee system, and seamlessly connect all sectors. 

第二，坚持最高标准最高质量。一是制定最严格的法规标准，而且安全标准比一般行业要高得多。二是实施最严格的质量保障体系，包括设备和各项工作管理都要高质量，确保安全。三是从源头抓起，坚持成熟设计、纵深防御，从设计上考虑各种因素、各种风险，设置多重安全屏障，确保不发生事故。四是从人员的角度，对操纵员、核级焊工、无损检验等重要特殊的岗位，实行资质管理和严格考核，依靠高水平人员去运行管理。

Second, we have maintained the highest standards and pursued the highest quality. We have done this, first, by formulating the strictest laws and regulations, and keeping higher safety standards compared with other industries. Second, by implementing a strict quality guarantee system including high-quality equipment as well as work management. Third, by starting from the source and adhering to mature design and in-depth defenses, taking into account different elements and risks during the design, and setting up multiple safety barriers to avoid accidents. Fourth, by conducting qualification management and rigorous evaluations of all important staff including operators, welders and nondestructive testers. 

第三，从核安全监管的角度，认真履行监管职责，实施全过程、严格、独立的监管。从核电站的选址、设计到建造、调试、运行，以及将来的退役和一些重要设备的制造，都实行全过程许可。而且，在一些关键环节设置了若干个控制点，都要进行现场检查，不达标准决不放行，这个是非常严格的。同时，我们对辐射环境的监测是全天候的，包括流出物的监测、辐射环境质量的监测等，有1834个辐射环境监测点，24小时全天候在运行，整个过程是非常严格的。另外，对重要核安全问题，坚持保守决策，确保安全，不能冒险。这些都是核安全监管方面的明确要求。

Third, we have earnestly performed our supervisory duties, and implemented strict and independent administration throughout the entire process. Whole-process permissions are authorized at each nuclear power plant from siting, design, construction, debugging and operation to decommissioning and the manufacture of certain important equipment. At those key links, we have established several control points and conducted on-site examinations to ensure all the sectors meet the necessary standards. Environmental radiation is monitored around the clock, including effluents and environment quality. At present, 1,834 points are set across the country to monitor the environment around nuclear facilities. On critical nuclear safety issues, we have adhered to prudent decision making to ensure safety and prevent risks. All these are concrete supervision requirements regarding nuclear safety.

第四，推行有效的经验反馈。一个核电厂遇到的问题，其他核电厂都要汲取经验教训。建造运行中，有一些异常事件要及时报告，而且报告以后全行业都要周知、举一反三。如果从更大范围讲，国外一些核电站出现问题，也要及时了解，让全行业借鉴。同时，我们的一些好的经验做法，也会作为良好实践在国际上推广。核安全是命运共同体，不管哪里出了问题，都可能影响世界各国核电事业的发展。

Fourth, we have replicated transferable experiences. Problems that one nuclear power plant encounter should be learned from by other nuclear power plants. Abnormal cases during construction and operation must be reported in a timely manner and informed to all plants in the country. We also need to understand about and learn from problems that appear at foreign nuclear power plants, as well as introduce our experiences to them at the same time. Living in a community with a shared future, one country's nuclear safety may affect the overall development of nuclear power around the whole world.

最后，强化核安全科研。我们建设了国家核安全中心，作为核安全监管科研基地，开展科研攻关，真正做到知其然且知其所以然。通过企业和行业同向发力，共同确保核安全。

Finally, we have highlighted scientific research on nuclear safety. The National Nuclear Safety Center was established as a scientific research base for nuclear safety supervision to carry out research, make breakthroughs and thoroughly understand relevant topics. We have encouraged enterprises and institutions to make joint efforts to guarantee nuclear safety. 

截至目前，我国已经颁发运行许可证的核电机组57台，建造许可证的30台，核准待建的15台，加起来共102台。我国核电技术已经实现二代向三代的迭代升级，四代技术陆续开始应用，所以整体上我国核电已进入世界先进行列。从核安全角度看，我国保持了良好的核安全记录，环境监测数据没有监测到异常，从整体上保障了核事业高质量发展。

At present, China has approved a total of 102 nuclear power units, among which 57 units are operational, 30 are under construction, and 15 have received approval to be built. China has upgraded from second- to third-generation nuclear power technology, and the fourth-generation technology has begun to be applied, meaning the country's nuclear power development has entered the world's advanced ranks. From the perspective of nuclear safety, China has maintained a good nuclear safety record, and detected no abnormal environmental data so far, which has guaranteed the country's high-quality development of nuclear industry as a whole.

下一步，我们将贯彻落实党的二十届三中全会精神和习近平总书记在全国生态环境保护大会上的重要要求，着力构建严密的核安全责任体系，不断完善现代化核安全监管体系，进一步加强核安全监管，实现高水平核安全，也更好保障公众安全和环境健康。谢谢！

Looking forward, we will implement the guiding principles of the third plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee and the important directives issued by General Secretary Xi Jinping at the National Conference on Ecological and Environmental Protection. We will build a strict responsibility system on nuclear safety, and improve the modern supervision system on nuclear safety, so as to achieve high-level nuclear safety and better ensure public safety and environmental health. Thank you.

海报新闻记者:

The Poster News App:

碳市场是中国实施积极应对气候变化国家战略和推动实现碳达峰碳中和目标的重要政策工具。请问在碳市场运行和管理上，生态环境部做了哪些工作？未来如何更好发挥碳市场功能，推动绿色低碳转型，助力“双碳”目标实现？另外，统计核算作为碳排放管理的基础性制度，目前进展如何？谢谢。

Carbon market serves as an essential policy tool for China to implement proactive national strategies on climate change and to achieve peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality. What has the MEE done to operate and manage the carbon market? In the future, how will it give play to its functions to boost green and low-carbon transformation and achieve the goals of peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality? What progress has been made so far in statistical accounting as a fundamental system for carbon emission management? Thank you.

赵英民:

Zhao Yingming:

谢谢这位记者的提问。碳市场是利用市场机制控制温室气体排放、实现碳达峰碳中和目标的重要举措，也是国际上通行的气候治理政策工具。党中央、国务院高度重视碳市场建设，2021年7月和2024年1月，先后启动了全国碳排放权交易市场和全国温室气体自愿减排交易市场，共同构成了我国的全国碳市场体系，碳市场建设取得了积极进展和成效。概括起来，可以从四个方面来讲：

Thank you for your question. The carbon market is an important approach to controlling greenhouse gas emissions using market mechanisms, and peaking carbon emissions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. It is also a globally accepted climate governance policy tool. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the construction of the carbon market. In July 2021 and January 2024, they successively launched the China Carbon Emission Trade Exchange and the national voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market, which together form China's national carbon market system. The construction of the carbon market has made positive progress and achieved significant results. These can be summarized in four aspects:

一是法律法规体系基本建成。国务院颁布了《碳排放权交易管理暂行条例》，生态环境部会同有关部门制定了碳排放核算核查、注册登记、交易结算等33项规章制度，初步形成了多层级、较完备的法律法规制度体系。

First, a basic legal and regulatory framework has been established. The State Council issued the Interim Regulations on the Administration of Carbon Emission Trading, and the MEE, along with relevant departments, developed 33 rules covering carbon emission accounting and verification, registration and transaction settlement, forming a preliminary multi-level and comprehensive legal and regulatory system.

二是基础设施支撑体系基本建成。建成了“全国碳市场信息网”，成立了全国碳排放权和温室气体自愿减排注册登记和交易机构，建成并稳定运行注册登记、交易结算和管理平台等基础设施。

Second, a foundational support system has been established. The National Carbon Trading Market Information Network has been created, and national registration and trading institutions for carbon emissions and voluntary greenhouse gas emission reductions have been established. Infrastructure for registration, transaction settlement and management platforms has been built and is operating steadily.

三是碳市场数据质量和管理能力大幅度提升。建立碳排放数据质量常态化监管机制。利用大数据等技术探索建立了一整套数据质量监管体系，大幅提升监管效能，碳排放数据质量显著改善。另外，全国碳市场科学规范的数据核算标准和方法，也为碳足迹管理打下坚实基础。

Third, the quality of carbon market data and management capabilities has been significantly enhanced. A regular supervision mechanism for carbon emission data quality has been established. Utilizing big data and other technologies, a comprehensive data quality supervision system has been developed, greatly improving regulatory efficiency and the quality of carbon emission data. Additionally, the scientific and standardized data accounting standards and methods for the national carbon market have laid a solid foundation for carbon footprint management.

四是全国碳市场实现了稳起步、稳运行，市场活力稳步提升。截至今年8月底，碳排放权交易市场累计成交量4.76亿吨、成交额达279亿元，碳价在每吨90元左右波动，总体处于合理水平。今年年初，全国温室气体自愿减排交易市场一经启动，就引起了国内外各方的关注，充分显示了通过市场手段调动全社会积极参与降碳、减污、扩绿、增长的有效性和重要性。

Fourth, the national carbon market has achieved a stable start and steady operation, with market vitality gradually increasing. As of the end of this August, the cumulative trading volume of carbon allowances in the national carbon market reached 476 million metric tons, with a transaction value of 27.9 billion yuan (about $3.9 billion). The carbon price fluctuated around 90 yuan per metric ton, remaining at a generally reasonable level. Since the national market for voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading launched at the beginning of this year, it has attracted attention from various domestic and international parties, highlighting the effectiveness and importance of mobilizing society through market mechanisms to actively participate in carbon reduction, pollution reduction, greening expansion and economic growth.

碳排放统计核算是管理和控制温室气体排放的基础。近年来，我们持续组织开展国家和省级温室气体清单编制，定期发布统一权威的各级各类排放因子，持续完善能源活动和工业过程的碳排放统计核算制度，为满足社会各界多用途碳排放核算需求提供了基础支撑服务。今年5月，我们联合14个部委印发了《关于建立碳足迹管理体系的实施方案》，明确了4个方面22项重点工作任务，目前我们已经发布了我国产品碳足迹核算通则国家标准，为具体产品碳足迹核算标准制定创造了条件。

Carbon emission accounting and verification are the foundation for managing and controlling greenhouse gas emissions. In recent years, we have continuously organized the preparation of national and provincial greenhouse gas inventories, regularly publishing unified and authoritative emission factors at various levels. We have refined the carbon emission statistics and accounting system for energy activities and industrial processes, providing essential support services to meet the diverse carbon accounting needs of society. In May, we issued the Implementation Plan for the Building of the Carbon Footprint Management System along with 14 ministries and commissions, outlining 22 key tasks across four areas. We have also released the national standard for carbon footprint accounting of products, creating conditions for the development of specific product carbon footprint accounting standards.

下一步，我们将按照党中央、国务院的决策部署，完善碳排放统计核算制度，进一步扩大碳市场行业覆盖范围，发布更多方法学，纳入更多参与主体，严格监管碳市场数据质量，着力构建更加有效、更有活力、更具国际影响力的碳市场。

Next, we will align with the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to improve the carbon emission accounting system. We will further expand the industry coverage of the carbon market, release more methodologies, include more participants, and strictly regulate the quality of carbon market data. Our focus will be on building a more effective, dynamic and internationally influential carbon market.

谢谢！

Thank you.

红星新闻记者:

Red Star News: 

三中全会《决定》提出，实施分区域、差异化、精准管控的生态环境管理制度，能否请您介绍一下生态环境分区管控工作？下一步还有哪些考虑？谢谢。

The Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese Modernization adopted at the third plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee proposed the implementation of region-specific environmental management systems featuring differentiated, targeted regulation. Could you please introduce the region-specific environmental management systems? And what are the further considerations? Thank you.

郭芳:

Guo Fang:

谢谢您的提问。刚才黄润秋部长开篇也介绍了全域覆盖的生态环境分区管控体系。众所周知，我国幅员辽阔，不同地区的自然条件、承载能力、功能定位差异都很大，这就必须处理好发展与保护的关系，从源头加强生态环境准入管理。生态环境分区管控，就是根据生态保护红线、环境质量底线和资源利用上线，实施差异化管控的制度，是一个区域生态环境管理的源头和基础，为发展“明底线”“划边框”。

Thank you for your question. Mr. Huang has introduced the region-specific environmental management systems with nationwide coverage in his opening introduction. It is well known that our country has a vast territory, and there are significant differences in natural conditions, carrying capacities and functional positioning across different regions. This necessitates careful management of the relationship between development and protection, and ecological and environmental access management from the source. The region-specific environmental management systems refers to adopting differentiated management based on ecological protection red lines, environmental quality bottom lines, and resource utilization upper limits. They serve as the foundation for regional ecological environment management, establishing clear boundaries and bottom lines for development.

从2017年开始，生态环境部先后在连云港等4个城市和长江经济带试点，两年后在全国推开。目前，生态环境分区管控体系已基本建立，省、市两级生态环境分区管控方案均已发布实施。全国共划定了优先保护、重点管控、一般管控三类单元共44604个，并且做到“一单元一清单”，这个清单是准入清单，明确了在这个单元里“什么能做、什么不能做”。在这个基础上，各省（区、市）生态环境分区管控信息平台，已经完成基本功能建设并上线运行，支撑了政策落地、环境准入、园区管理、执法监管的数智化应用，初步实现了“一图全览、一键研判、一站服务”。比如，厦门市率先向社会开放了分区管控应用系统，招商引资项目先到这个平台上看看符不符合条件，工艺达不达标，能不能进这个园区，经过指导累计有上万个项目优化了布局或调整了工艺，减少了低效投资，优化了营商环境。

Since 2017, the MEE has launched pilot programs in four cities, including Lianyungang and the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and expanded nationwide two years later. Currently, the region-specific environmental management systems have been basically established, with provincial and municipal control plans implemented. A total of 44,604 units have been classified into three categories: priority protection, key control and general control, each with a clear entry list specifying what is permissible. Based on this, information platforms for ecological environment management at provincial, municipal and district levels have completed basic functionalities and have been put into operation, supporting digital and intelligent application of policy implementation, environmental access, park management and law enforcement. It has achieved "one map overview, one-click assessment, and one-stop service" at the primary level. For instance, Xiamen was the first to open its region-specific environmental management application system to the public, allowing investment projects to check their compliance with conditions and standards, resulting in a reduction in low-efficiency investments and an improvement of business environments.

党的二十届三中全会明确提出“实施分区域、差异化、精准管控的生态环境管理制度”，为下一步工作指明了方向。我们将抓好改革任务落实，做到“三个进一步”。

The third plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee clearly proposed implementing region-specific environmental management systems with differentiated, targeted regulation, providing guidance for the next phase of work. We'll focus on implementing reform tasks and achieving "Three Further Steps."

进一步夯实工作基础。推动分区管控纳入生态环境法典，加大国家重大科技专项支持力度，研究分区管控的单元划分、精准管控等关键核心技术。

First, we'll further strengthen our work's foundation. This includes promoting the incorporation of region-specific management into the environmental code, increasing support for major national science and technology projects, and researching key technologies such as management unit division and precise control in regional management.

进一步强化平台应用。制定信息平台建设指南和接口规范，大量环境监测数据都会接到信息平台上。加强国家、省两级平台互联互通，拓展应用场景，提升应用效能。

Second, we'll further enhance platform applications. We'll develop guidelines for information platform construction and interface specifications, integrating large amounts of environmental monitoring data. We'll also strengthen interconnection between national and provincial platforms, expand application scenarios and improve platform efficiency.

进一步形成制度合力。开展与国土空间规划衔接、减污降碳协同等试点工作，强化政策协同。开展生态环境分区管控与环境影响评价、排污许可等制度联动改革，完善源头预防体系，抓早抓实，力争在环境管理的初始环节就实现以高水平保护促进高质量发展。

Third, we'll further create synergy within the system. This includes launching pilot projects that align territorial spatial planning and coordinate pollution reduction with carbon-cutting efforts. These projects will strengthen policy coherence. We'll also promote reforms linking region-specific ecological and environmental management with environmental impact assessments and pollutant discharge permits, enhancing source prevention. By acting early and implementing concrete measures, we aim to ensure high-level protection drives high-quality development from the very outset of environmental management.

谢谢！

Thank you.　

凤凰卫视记者:

Phoenix TV:

现在生态环境保护已经成为全球治理的重要议题和国际竞争合作的重要领域，中国也实现了由全球环境治理参与者到引领者的重大转变。请问，可否为我们简单介绍这些变化，下一步将怎样为全球生态文明建设贡献更多的中国智慧和中国方案？谢谢。

Environmental protection has become a crucial issue in global governance and a key area for international competition and cooperation. China has also transformed significantly from a participant in global environmental governance to a leader. Could you briefly introduce these changes and explain how China plans to contribute more of its wisdom and solutions to global ecological civilization development in the next stage? Thank you.

黄润秋:

Huang Runqiu:

谢谢这位记者朋友的提问。您提到的这个话题，我是深有感触的，下面我来简要回答一下这个问题。

Thank you for your question. The topic you brought up is one that I have deep feelings and insights about, and I'll provide a brief response.

我还清楚地记得，2022年在加拿大蒙特利尔召开的《生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会上，中国是主席国，我是大会主席，当我在闭幕会上重重敲下手中的木槌，宣布“昆明—蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架”，这项经过近十年艰苦谈判，对于保护地球生物多样性将起到里程碑意义的全球协议通过的时候，数千人的会议大厅里响起了雷鸣般的掌声，参会人员欢呼雀跃、相互拥抱，纷纷对中国作为主席国作出的贡献表示敬意和祝贺。那一刻，我感到由衷的自豪。这是中国作为主席国，首次主持国际重大环境公约谈判并取得成功。我也深深地体会到，这是习近平主席亲自关怀和高位推动的结果，习近平主席两次在大会上发表视频讲话，对谈判进程和框架的达成起到了关键的推动作用，彰显了中国作为一个负责任大国的情怀和担当。

I still vividly remember the 15th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP15) in Montreal, Canada, in 2022, where China held the presidency, and I chaired the conference. At the closing ceremony, as I struck the gavel to announce the adoption of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework — a landmark global agreement reached after nearly a decade of arduous negotiations to protect the planet's biodiversity — the hall, packed with thousands, erupted in thunderous applause. Participants cheered, embraced one another, and expressed their respect and congratulations for China's contributions as the presiding nation. At that moment, I felt an overwhelming sense of pride. This marked the first time China, holding the presidency, had successfully steered negotiations for a major international environmental treaty. I also deeply realized that this achievement was the result of President Xi Jinping's personal attention and high-level promotion of the process. President Xi Jinping delivered two video addresses during the conference, which played a crucial role in advancing the negotiations and securing the adoption of the framework, demonstrating China's sense of responsibility and leadership as a major global power.

应对气候变化领域也是如此。2015年，也正是在习近平主席的亲自推动下，达成了应对气候变化的《巴黎协定》。此后，在推动《巴黎协定》落实的历次气候变化大会上，中国都发挥了稳定器、推动者、行动派、实干家的作用，我们广泛凝聚各缔约方共识，共同推动气候变化领域构建公平合理、合作共赢的全球治理体系，得到国际社会的充分肯定和普遍赞许。

The same applies to the field of climate change. In 2015, it was also under the direct promotion of President Xi Jinping that the Paris Agreement on climate change was reached. Since then, at subsequent climate conferences focused on implementing the Paris Agreement, China has acted as a stabilizer, promoter, and leader in concrete actions. We've strived to build consensus among all parties and advocate for a fair, reasonable, cooperative and mutually beneficial global governance system for climate change. These efforts have been fully recognized and widely praised by the international community.

这些年来，习近平主席相继提出了全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议，这些重大倡议都把环境与气候治理作为重要内容，为携手构建地球生命共同体提供了强大动力。我们向世界庄严承诺“二氧化碳排放力争于2030年前达到峰值，努力争取2060年前实现碳中和”的双碳目标愿景，宣布不再新建境外煤电项目，帮助发展中国家和小岛屿国家发展可再生能源和提升应对气候变化能力，我们还和40多个国家签署了应对气候变化合作和援助协议，开发实施“非洲光带”项目，向全球提供了60%的风电设备、70%的光伏组件设备。过去10年间，正是因为中国在可再生能源领域取得的巨大技术进步和大规模应用，才有力推动了全球风电和光伏发电成本分别下降超过60%和80%，为全球碳减排和绿色转型作出了巨大贡献，这是国际社会所公认的。

Over the years, President Xi Jinping has successively put forward the Global Development Initiative (GDI), the Global Security Initiative (GSI), and the Global Civilization Initiative (GCI). These major initiatives all incorporate environmental and climate governance as key components, propelling efforts to build a community for all life on Earth. We have made a solemn commitment to the world: we will strive to peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. Additionally, we've pledged to stop building new coal power projects overseas and to assist developing countries and small island states in developing renewable energy and enhancing their capacity to address climate change. We've signed climate change cooperation and assistance agreements with more than 40 countries, launched the Africa Solar Belt Program, and provided 60% of the world's wind power equipment and 70% of its photovoltaic module equipment. Over the past decade, China's significant technological advancements and large-scale deployment of renewable energy have helped reduce global wind power and photovoltaic generation costs by more than 60% and 80%, respectively. This has made a tremendous contribution to global carbon reduction and green transformation — an internationally recognized achievement.

新时代以来，习近平生态文明思想在国际社会得到了高度认可，一系列的核心理念，比如绿水青山就是金山银山、生态优先绿色发展、人与自然和谐共生、共建地球生命共同体等，在全球范围内得到广泛传播，成为引领全球环境治理的先进理念，为全球可持续发展贡献了中国智慧、中国方案。所以说，我国实现了由全球环境治理参与者到引领者的重大转变。

Since the new era began, Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization has gained international recognition. A series of core concepts, such as "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," green development prioritizing eco-environmental conservation, harmony between humanity and nature, and building a community for all life on Earth, have been widely promoted globally. These ideas have become advanced concepts guiding global environmental governance, contributing China's wisdom and solutions to global sustainable development. Consequently, China has significantly shifted from participating in global environmental governance to becoming a leader.

面向未来，我们将秉持人类命运共同体的理念，持续深化生态环境领域国际合作，积极参与和引领全球环境与气候治理，合力保护人类共同的地球家园，为共建清洁美丽世界作出更大贡献。

Looking to the future, we will uphold the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, continue to deepen international cooperation in ecological and environmental protection, and actively participate in and lead global environmental and climate governance. Together, we will protect our shared home on Earth and make greater contributions to building a clean and beautiful world.

谢谢各位记者朋友！

Thank you to all the journalists.

寿小丽:

Shou Xiaoli:

谢谢黄润秋部长，谢谢各位发布人，谢谢各位记者朋友的参与，今天的新闻发布会就到这里，大家再见！

Thank you, Mr. Huang, thank you to all the speakers and thank you to all the journalists for your participation. This concludes today's press conference. Goodbye!