坚持多边主义，谋求共同安全

Uphold Multilateralism to Promote Common Security

——王毅国务委员兼外长在日内瓦裁军谈判会议上的视频讲话

– Remarks by H.E. Wang Yi, State Councilor and Foreign Minister of the People’s Republic of China, at the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva

2021年6月11日

11 June 2021

尊敬的艾赫特大使，瓦罗瓦娅秘书长，

各位代表，女士们、先生们：

Ambassador Salomon Eheth,

Secretary-General Tatiana Valovaya,

Representatives,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

日内瓦裁谈会承载了人类铸剑为犁、和平发展的共同期盼，在国际军控与裁军的历史进程中发挥了重要作用，也为维护国际和平与安全作出了历史性贡献。值此百年变局和世纪疫情之际，裁谈会应当直面当前国际安全形势出现的深刻复杂变化，发出坚定维护全球战略稳定，坚定促进国际军控进程，坚定捍卫多边主义的明确信息。

The Conference on Disarmament (CD) represents humanity’s shared aspiration to beat swords into ploughshares and achieve peaceful development. It has played an important role in the historical process of international arms control and disarmament, and made historic contribution to global peace and security. As the world is undergoing transformation and a pandemic both unseen in a century, the CD should stand up to the profound and complex changes in the global security landscape, and send out a clear message of its firm commitment to maintaining global strategic stability, advancing the international arms control process and defending multilateralism.

主席先生，

Mr. President,

今年1月，中国国家主席习近平在世界经济论坛“达沃斯议程”对话会上旗帜鲜明地提出，“让多边主义火炬照亮人类前行之路”。多边主义是人间正道，各国应当坚定地在这条路上走下去，奉行共同、综合、合作、可持续的新安全观，努力推进国际军控、裁军与防扩散进程。

In his address at the World Economic Forum Virtual Event of the Davos Agenda last January, Chinese President Xi Jinping expressly called on the world “to let multilateralism light humanity’s way forward.” Multilateralism is the right way of the world, and all countries should stay on this path. They should pursue a new approach of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, and endeavor to advance the international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation processes.

我们要坚持合作共赢，以合作谋和平、以合作促安全，坚决抵制冷战思维和零和博弈，致力于实现共同安全。

We need to strengthen cooperation for mutual benefit, promote peace and security through cooperation, stand firm against Cold War mentality and zero-sum games, and work to achieve security for all.

我们要坚守公平正义，加强以联合国为核心的多边裁军机制的权威性和有效性，摒弃例外主义和双重标准，致力于实现普遍安全。

We need to uphold fairness and justice, strengthen the authority and effectiveness of the UN-centered multilateral disarmament mechanisms, reject exceptionalism and double standards, and work to achieve universal security.

我们要坚持综合治理，既要着力应对当前突出的安全挑战，又要综合施策，消弭潜在安全威胁，致力于实现持久安全。

We need to take a comprehensive approach to improve governance. We should address immediate prominent security challenges, and at the same time also take multi-pronged policies to remove potential threats, for the purpose of achieving sustainable security.

主席先生，

Mr. President,

今年是中华人民共和国恢复联合国合法席位50周年。50年来，中国全面参与联合国事务，为世界和平与发展作出重要贡献。中国数千年积累的历史智慧是“国霸必衰”，而不是“国强必霸”。中国坚定走和平发展道路，坚持独立自主和平外交政策，始终不渝奉行防御性国防政策。中国的核政策在所有核武器国家中最具稳定性、连续性和可预见性。中国自拥有核武器第一天起，就明确主张在世界范围内最终全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，明确承诺在任何时候和任何情况下都不首先使用核武器。中国长期奉行无条件不对无核武器国家和无核武器区使用或威胁使用核武器的政策。中国从不回避本国承担的国际裁军和军控义务，始终把自身的核力量维持在国家安全需要的最低水平，从来不与任何国家比规模、比数量。

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the restoration of the lawful seat of the People’s Republic of China at the UN. Over the past five decades, China has fully participated in UN affairs, and made important contribution to global peace and development. Based on thousands of years of our history, we believe in the historic wisdom that a country seeking hegemony is bound to fall, rather than that a growing power should seek hegemony. China is firmly committed to the path of peaceful development, adheres to the independent foreign policy of peace, and pursues the defense policy that is defensive in nature.

China has the most stable, consistent and predictable nuclear policy among all nuclear-weapon States. Since the first day of possession of nuclear weapons, China has stood for the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons worldwide, and pledged not to use nuclear weapons first at any time or under any circumstances. China is committed to a policy of not using or threatening to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon States and nuclear-weapon-free zones unconditionally. China never shirks its international obligations in the areas of disarmament and arms control. China always keeps its nuclear capabilities at the minimum level required for national security, and does not compete with any other country in the size or scale of nuclear force.

主席先生，

Mr. President,

不断推进国际军控、裁军与防扩散进程，是维护世界和平与安全的重要手段，也是坚持和促进多边主义的具体体现。对于如何推进这一进程，中方提出以下几点看法：

Advancing international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation processes is an important means to preserve world peace and security. It is also a concrete step to uphold and strengthen multilateralism. As for how to advance these processes, I wish to share with you the following observations:

第一，共同维护全球战略稳定。

First, we need to work together to maintain global strategic stability.

核裁军应当始终遵循公平合理、逐步削减、向下平衡原则，两个最大的核武器国家应以可核查、不可逆和有法律约束力的方式，进一步大幅削减各自核武库，从而为多边核裁军进程创造条件。

Nuclear disarmament should be a just and reasonable process of gradual and balanced reduction. The two largest nuclear-weapon States should further slash their nuclear arsenals in a verifiable, irreversible and legally binding manner to create conditions for the multilateral nuclear disarmament process.

安理会五常应当共同确认“核战争打不赢也打不得”这一重要原则，在减少战略风险等方面加强合作，并就更广泛战略安全议题深化战略对话、增进战略互信。

The P5 countries should reaffirm the important formula that a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought, strengthen cooperation strategic risk reduction and other areas, and deepen strategic dialogue on a broader range of strategic security issues so as to enhance strategic trust.

中国提出五核国缔结“互不首先使用核武器条约”的倡议和条约草案已经有20多年，我们将继续坚持并推动这一倡议。裁谈会应当立即启动“对无核武器国家安全保证”国际法律文书谈判，并尽早取得实质性进展。

More than 20 years have passed since China proposed the signing of a treaty on mutual no-first-use of nuclear weapons among the five nuclear-weapon States and presented the draft of the treaty. China will continue to work to this end. The CD should immediately start international legal instrument negotiations on the Negative Security Assurances and work for substantive progress at an earlier date.

中方反对个别国家发展和部署影响战略稳定的地区和全球反导系统，反对在别国周边地区部署陆基中程导弹。

China opposes the development and deployment of regional and global missile defense systems by a certain country that undermine strategic stability, and China opposes the deployment of land-based intermediate range ballistic missiles by the same country in the neighborhood of other countries.

第二，遵守国际军控条约。

Second, we need to observe international arms control treaties.

《不扩散核武器条约》机制具有不可替代的特殊重要意义，缔约国应平衡推进条约核裁军、核不扩散、和平利用核能三大目标，并使其在新的历史时期焕发出新的活力，为维护世界和平与安全、服务全球可持续发展发挥更大的作用。

The regime of the Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is irreplaceable and carries special significance. State parties to the Treaty should advance the three pillars of nuclear disarmament, nuclear non-proliferation, and peaceful uses of nuclear energy in a balanced way, and revitalize the Treaty in the new era to expand its role in safeguarding world peace and security and serving sustainable global development.

各方应支持《全面禁核试条约》核查机制建设和运行，并且为推动条约早日生效继续努力。所有核武器国家都应当恪守暂停核试的承诺。裁谈会应当继续致力于为“禁止生产核武器用裂变材料条约”的谈判做好准备，围绕确保条约实现核裁军、防扩散双重目标开展实质性工作。

The parties should support the building and functioning of the verification regime of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, and continue to work for the early entry into force of the Treaty. All nuclear-weapon States should observe the moratorium on nuclear testing. The CD should continue to prepare for the negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty and make substantive efforts toward achieving the dual goals of nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation.

中国呼吁有关国家切实履行《禁止化学武器公约》义务，尽快完成库存化武、遗弃化武的销毁。中国愿以加入《武器贸易条约》为契机，更加深入地参与防止常规武器非法转让国际努力，支持非洲国家提出的“消弭枪声”倡议。

China calls on countries concerned to earnestly fulfill their obligations under the Chemical Weapons Convention and complete the destruction of the chemical weapons stockpile and the abandoned chemical weapons as soon as possible.

China will take its accession to the Arms Trade Treaty as an opportunity to engage more deeply in the global efforts to stop illicit transfer of conventional arms, and give its support to the Silencing the Guns initiative proposed by African countries.

第三，谈判解决防扩散问题。

Third, we need to resolve non-proliferation issues through negotiations.

伊朗核问题全面协议是经安理会决议核可的重要多边外交成果，是国际核不扩散体系和中东地区和平稳定的关键支柱。美方的单边霸凌行径是伊朗核问题的根源，率先解除对伊朗的制裁是重返全面协议的正确逻辑。鉴于美伊恢复履约的谈判已经进入冲刺阶段，当事方应尽快作出政治决断，加大外交努力，推动全面协议重返正轨。中方倡议建立海湾地区安全多边对话平台，逐步打造共同、综合、合作、可持续的中东安全架构。中方支持建立中东无大规模杀伤性武器区，并愿为此作出积极努力。

The JCPOA, endorsed by the UN Security Council resolutions, is an important outcome of multilateral diplomacy and a key pillar of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime and peace and stability in the Middle East. The unilateral bullying acts of the United States are the root cause of the Iranian nuclear issue. To return to the deal, lifting sanctions on Iran first is the natural thing to do. As the negotiations for the United States and Iran to resume compliance with the agreement are now in the final sprint, parties concerned need to make a political decision as quickly as possible and redouble diplomatic efforts to bring the JCPOA back on track.

China proposes to establish a multilateral dialogue platform for regional security in the Persian Gulf region and build step by step a framework for collective, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security in the Middle East. China supports building a Middle East zone free of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction and stands ready to work toward that end.

无论地区和国际形势如何变化，中方都始终坚持维护朝鲜半岛和平稳定，坚持通过对话和协商解决问题，主张按照“双轨并进”思路和分阶段、同步走原则，推动实现半岛完全无核化和建立半岛永久和平机制两大目标。中方愿继续与各方一道，为推动半岛问题政治解决进程，实现半岛长治久安作出不懈努力。

No matter how the regional and international landscapes may change, China remains committed to upholding peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula, and resolving the issue through dialogue and consultation. The parties concerned should follow a dual-track approach and take phased and synchronized actions to move toward the goals of complete denuclearization and the establishment of a permanent peace mechanism. China will continue to work with all parties to push for the political settlement of the issue and promote enduring peace and stability on the Peninsula.

第四，完善全球新兴领域安全治理。

Fourth, we need to improve global security governance in new frontiers.

防止外空武器化及外空军备竞赛的紧迫性日益上升。中方呼吁裁谈会尽早启动旨在防止外空军备竞赛的条约谈判，欢迎各方就中国与俄罗斯共同提出的条约草案提出建设性意见。

There is a growing urgency to prevent the weaponization of and an arms race in outer space. China calls for the early launch of negotiations at the CD on a treaty to prevent arms race in outer space, and welcomes constructive input from all parties on the Draft Treaty on the Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space, the Threat or Use of Force against Outer Space Objects (PPWT) jointly proposed by China and Russia.

一个开放、合作、和平、安全的网络空间，对各国和世界都具有重要意义。中方提出的《全球数据安全倡议》，旨在聚焦各方的共同关切，为维护全球数据和网络安全提出建设性解决方案。不久前，中方同阿拉伯国家联盟发表《中阿数据安全合作倡议》，体现了双方维护网络和数据安全的共同呼声。中方愿以倡议为基础同各方携手打造全球数字治理规则。

A cyberspace featuring openness, cooperation, peace and security is very important to all countries and the world as a whole. The Global Initiative on Data Security proposed by China aims to address the common concerns of all parties, and provides a constructive solution for protecting data and cyber security in the world. Several months ago, China and the League of Arab States (LAS) issued the China-LAS Cooperation Initiative on Data Security. It shows the shared aspiration of the two sides for maintaining cyber and data security. China stands ready to work with all parties to formulate global rules on digital governance on the basis of the Global Initiative on Data Security.

人工智能在军事领域的广泛应用，引发了安全、法律、人道、伦理等诸多关切。中方愿与各方共同探讨“致命性自主武器系统”问题的全球性解决之道。

The extensive application of artificial intelligence in the military field triggers security, legal, humanitarian and ethical concerns. China stands ready to discuss with all parties a global solution to the issue of Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS).

新兴技术是“双刃剑”。我们既要最大限度地防止其武器化，又要避免对和平利用及国际合作造成妨碍，尤其要反对个别国家借国家安全之名行科技封锁之实。联合国应在此方面发挥核心作用。中方正酝酿就此向今年联大提交决议草案，推动联合国开启包容、透明、公正的国际进程，以更加平衡的方式处理防扩散与和平利用之间的关系。

Emerging technologies are double-edged swords. While making the best possible efforts to prevent weaponization of such technologies, we must also avoid obstructing their peaceful use and international cooperation. In particular, we must reject the attempt of a certain country to impose technology blockade under the pretext of national security. The United Nations needs to play a central role in this respect. China is considering proposing a draft resolution at this year’s UN General Assembly to promote the launch of an inclusive, transparent and equitable international process at the United Nations to address the relationship between non-proliferation and peaceful uses in a more balanced way.

新冠肺炎疫情凸显全球生物安全治理面临的新挑战，各国应通过更为紧密的国际合作共筑安全屏障。中方支持《禁止生物武器公约》建立核查机制，敦促美国放弃独家阻挡公约核查议定书谈判的立场。中方一贯倡导负责任的生物科研，中外科学家近期达成了“科学家生物安全行为准则天津指南”，我们鼓励所有利益攸关方自愿采用，并共同推进相关国际讨论进程。中方支持哈萨克斯坦总统托卡耶夫提出的建立国际生物安全机构的倡议，支持俄罗斯提出的《打击生化恐怖主义国际公约》倡议。

The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the new challenges of biosecurity governance facing the world. Countries need to build a security shield through closer international cooperation. China supports establishing a verification regime of the Biological Weapons Convention, and urges the United States to stop being the only one that stands in the way of negotiations for a legally binding protocol on verification.

China advocates responsible research in bioscience. Not long ago, scientists from China and other countries developed the Tianjin Biosecurity Guidelines for Codes of Conduct for Scientists. We encourage all stakeholders to refer to the Guidelines on a voluntary basis and jointly advance relevant international discussions.

China supports Kazakh President Tokayev’s proposal of setting up an International Agency for Biological Safety (IABS) and Russia’s proposal of an International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Chemical and Biological Terrorism.

主席先生，

Mr. President,

联合国肩负着维护国际和平与安全的重要使命。中方高度赞赏联合国秘书长古特雷斯提出的“裁军议程”，并将继续为推动这一议程的落实作出努力。

The United Nations shoulders the important mission of safeguarding global peace and security. China highly commends the disarmament agenda proposed by Secretary-General Guterres, and will continue to contribute to its implementation.

裁谈会作为唯一全球性多边裁军谈判机构，应与时俱进、守正创新。成员国之间应加强协调，充分照顾彼此正当关切，尽快制定全面平衡的工作计划，早日开展实质性工作。作为裁谈会大家庭负责任一员，中国愿与各方一道，坚定不移地推进军控、裁军与防扩散进程，为构建一个持久和平、普遍安全的世界作出中国新的贡献。

As the single multilateral disarmament negotiating forum of the international community, the CD needs to keep pace with the times and strive to be creative. Member states should strengthen coordination, accommodate each other’s legitimate concerns, and formulate a comprehensive and balanced Programme of Work to start the substantive work at an early date. As a responsible member of the CD family, China stands ready to work with all parties to steadily advance international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation processes, and make new contribution to building a world that enjoys lasting peace and universal security.

谢谢主席先生。

Thank you, Mr. President.