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2013年春季上海中高级口译真题

沪江英语 2013-03-20 沪江英语 1512次


2013年春季上海中高级口译考试于今日3月17日开考,沪江英语在考后第一时间提供真题、解析、答案信息,本文为2013年3月中级口译汉译英真题部分,由沪江网校提供。

【原文】
朝气蓬勃,充满活力,丰富多彩的上海是现代中国的缩影。虽然上海的文化遗迹不能与北京媲美,但是上海迷人的城市风貌,风格各异的万国建筑为这座城市注入了无限的魅力。今日之上海,已经成为享誉中外的国际大都市。

漫步在这座日新月异的现代大都市里,你会发现许多精彩的历史亮点,隐现在众多摩天大楼背后的是上海发展变化的轨迹。它们记述了上海自十九世纪末开埠以来,尤其是新中国成立以后,是如何迅猛发展的。

【参考译文】
Shanghai is a dynamic, diverse and stimulating city - the very epitome of modern China. Though Shanghai cannot rival Beijing in cultural heritage, its varied architectural styles and cosmopolitan feel give it a charm of its own. Today's Shanghai has become a world-famous international metropolis.
A walk through this booming city reveals many glimpses of its colorful past. Hidden amongst the skyscrapers are remains of the original Shanghai. They keep on showing how Shanghai has been developing fast and enormously since its opening as a commercial port in the late 19th century, especially after the founding of new China.

【评析】
该篇翻译属于经典话题, 类似于上海城市介绍,考生如果熟悉教材,注意积累相关句型词汇,特别是对“朝气蓬勃、充满活力dynamic, diverse and stimulating、缩影epitome、遗迹heritage、城市风貌cosmopolitan feel、万国建筑varied architectural styles”等常考的表达,应该可以顺利取得高分。
 
If you’ve ever been on a jury, you might have noticed that a funny thing happens the minute you get behind closed doors. Everybody starts talking about themselves. They say what they would have done if they had been the plaintiff or the defendant. Being on a jury reminds me why I can’t tolerate talk radio. We Americans seem to have lost the ability to talk about anything but our own experiences. We can’t seem to generalize without stereotyping or to consider evidence that goes against our own experience.
I heard a doctor on a radio show talking about a study that found that exercise reduces the incidence of Alzheimer’s. And caller after caller couldn’t wait to make essentially the opposite point: “Well, my grandmother never exercised and she lived to 95.” We are in an age summed up by the saying: “I experience, therefore I’m right.” Historically, the hallmarks of an uneducated person were the lack of ability to think critically, to use deductive reasoning to distinguish the personal from the universal. Now that seems an apt description of many Americans.

【参考译文】
如果你曾经当过陪审员,你可能会注意到一件有趣的事情:一旦关上了门,所有人就开始谈论他们自己。他们会讨论,如果自己是原告或被告的话会做什么。担任陪审员的经历让我明白了我为什么无法忍受谈话性的广播节目。我们美国人似乎只剩下了谈论自己经历的能力。我们似乎无法抛开固有的成见进行总结,也无法客观地分析与自身经历相悖的证据。

我曾听过一位医生在之声节目上讲述一项研究,该研究发现锻炼能降低阿兹海默症(老年痴呆症)的发病率。而此时听众的电话一个接着一个,纷纷迫不及待地表达反对意见:“嗯,我祖母从不锻炼,但她活到了95岁。”我们身处的时代可以用一句话来总结:“我经历过,所以我是对的。”历史上,无知之人的典型特征就是缺乏进行批判性思维、演绎推理和分辨个例与常态的能力。如今,用这句话描述许多美国人似乎恰如其分。

【解析】
文本节选自2011年7月29日的《基督教科学箴言报》(The Christian Science Monitor),探讨现代人过度依赖个人经验判断、缺乏批判思考的问题。话题相对抽象,难度中上。

作者以担任陪审团的经历引入话题,如果对美国的陪审团制度缺乏了解,也不认识plaintiff和defendant等词汇,则可能在理解上有困难。原文是典型的评论文章,语言介于正式与非正式问题之间,在转换时应注意适当调整句子结构和语序,保证译文通顺易懂。
 
213年春季上海中高级口译考试于今日3月17日开考,沪江英语在考后第一时间提供真题、解析、答案信息,本文为2013年3月高级口译英译汉答案 ,由沪江网校提供。

SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST
American mythology loves nothing more than the reluctant hero: the man -- it is usually a man -- whose natural talents have destined him for more than obliging obscurity. George Washington, we are told, was a leader who would have preferred to have been a farmer. Thomas Jefferson, a writer. Martin Luther King, Jr., a preacher. These men were roused from lives of perfunctory achievement, our legends have it, not because they chose their own exceptionalism, but because we, the people, chose it for them. We -- seeing greatness in them that they were too humble to observe themselves -- conferred on them uncommon paths. Historical circumstance became its own call of duty, and the logic of democracy proved itself through the answer.

Neil Armstrong was a hero of this stripe: constitutionally humble, circumstantially noble. Nearly every obituary written for him has made a point of emphasizing his sense of privacy, his sense of humility, his sense of the ironic ordinary. And yet every aspect of Armstrong’s life made clear: On that day in 1969, he acted on our behalf, out of a sense of mission that was communal rather than personal. The reluctant hero is also the self-sacrificing hero.

【参考译文】
美国神话最爱的莫过于不情愿的英雄:天赋注定他无法默默无闻。据说,领袖乔治·华盛顿其实更愿意当农民,托马斯·杰斐逊宁愿当个作家,而马丁·路德·金更想当一名传教士。我们的传奇故事里说,这些人之所以能脱离平庸,不是因为他们选择卓越,而是因为我们——民众——为他们做出了选择。他们因为太过谦卑而看不到自己的伟大之处,而我们发现了,于是赋予了他们不平凡的道路。历史机缘成为使命的召唤,而民主的逻辑通过答案证明了自身。

尼尔·阿姆斯特朗就属于这类英雄:本性谦卑,因为境遇而高贵。几乎每篇讣告都强调他的隐私意识、谦卑意识和平凡意识——一种具有讽刺意味的“平凡”。但是,阿姆斯特朗生活的方方面面都表明:1969年的那一天,他为我们而行动,他的行为出于社会使命感而非个人意愿。不情愿的英雄也是自我牺牲的英雄。

【评析】
本篇题目取材自《What Died With Neil Armstrong》by Megan Garber, 难度适中,中心话题是“阿姆斯特朗离世造成的英雄文化转变”。这个话题还是大家比较熟悉的,因此理解不难。

文中出现了一些名人和事迹介绍,大家在平时英语学习中注意积累。
关键词:
reluctant 不情愿的
obscurity 身份低微
exceptionalism 例外主义

原文】
之所以把论坛取名为“蓝厅论坛”,是因为蓝色让人联想到大海和天空,既包容万象又蕴含热情与活力,契合了和谐共存、开放共赢的理念。它寓意着我们将以海纳百川的包容精神,汲取各界智慧,深化对话交流;以纵论天下的开阔视野,把握时代脉搏,共谋发展大计。

对于21世纪的亚太,人们曾经有不同的看法。有人认为亚太人文荟萃,潜力巨大,前景光明。也有人认为亚太问题丛生,麻烦不断,不容乐观。如今,当21世纪第一个10年即将结束的时候,回顾亚太发展进程,我们不难发现,尽管亚太地区由于历史和现实的原因,还存在这样那样的问题和挑战,但谋和平、维稳定、求合作、促发展是人心所向、大势所趋,亚太正在成为一个充满活力、生机与希望的地区

【参考译文】
Lanting, as you may know, means the blue hall in Chinese. This Forum is called Lanting Forum because people naturally associate the blue color with the sea and the sky. It symbolizes inclusiveness, passion and vitality, and it accords to the philosophy of harmonious coexistence, openness and win-win progress. It shows that we will adopt an inclusive approach, pool together the wisdom of various sectors and deepen dialogue and exchanges. It also means that we will take a global perspective, keep pace with the times and work together for development.

There were different views about the Asia Pacific in the 21st century. Some believed that rich human resources and cultural diversity held out great potential and bright prospects for the Asia-Pacific region, while others thought this region was beset with problems and troubles and could hardly offer any reason for optimism. Now the first decade of the 21st century is coming to an end. When we look back on the journey that the region has travelled, I believe we can come to the following conclusions: Despite the various problems and challenges due to reasons both of the past and present, peace, stability, cooperation and development represent the shared aspiration of the people and the trend of the times. What has happened shows that the Asia Pacific is transforming into a dynamic, vibrant and promising region.

【解析】
文本节选自前外交部长杨洁篪于2010年12月1日在首届“蓝厅论坛”上的讲话,是整篇演讲的第一段。本段介绍了论坛名称的来源,并通过蓝色的象征意义阐述会议宗旨。
原文对仗工整、富有文采,多用四字成语。在翻译时不宜拘泥于原文结构和字面意义,应在理解原意的基础上进行适当改造,清晰地表达文字本意。同时,译文也需与原文在风格上匹配,合理使用排比句式,增强语势。

官方参考译文:
As we all know, “Lanting”, means the blue hall in Chinese. People naturally associate the blue color with the sea and the sky. It symbolizes inclusiveness, passion and vitality, and it accords to the philosophy of harmonious coexistence, openness and win-win progress. It shows that we will adopt an inclusive approach, pool together the wisdom of various sectors and deepen dialogue and exchanges. It also means that we will take a global perspective, keep pace with the times and work together for development.

There were different views about the Asia Pacific in the 21st century. Some believed that rich human resources and cultural diversity held out great potential and bright prospects for the Asia-Pacific region, while others thought this region was beset with problems and troubles and could hardly offer any reason for optimism. Despite the various problems and challenges due to reasons both of the past and present, peace, stability, cooperation and development represent the shared aspiration of the people and the trend of the times. What has happened shows that the Asia Pacific is transforming into a dynamic, vibrant and promising region.

解析一:四字格
在翻译四字格的时候,一定要注意四个字中词与词之间的关系。比如和谐共存,是偏正结构,即和谐的共存,所以可以用和谐的形容词,harmonious, 因此译成 harmonious coexistence。开放共赢,是并列关系,即开放和共赢,可译成openness and win-win progress. 人文荟萃,可采用偏正结构,即丰富的人力资源以及文化多样性,rich human resources and cultural diversity。前景光明也可采用英语中较多出现的偏正结构,即光明的前景,bright prospects。另外,还有四个字表示一个意思的,比如包容万象,即包容性,inclusiveness, 海纳百川,也是包容性的意思,即inclusiveness或者an inclusive approach。

解析二:高频口译词汇的动词分析
文中出现了不少常见的口译搭配,比如深化对话与交流,把握时代脉搏,共谋发展大计。首先,对应的动词我们应该熟悉,如深化,可翻译为deepen, strengthen, intensify。把握这个词,需要根据上下文去推导,此处它的宾语是时代脉搏,因此把握即为与...保持同步的意思,可翻译为keep pace with。共谋,即将智慧集聚到一起,可翻译为pool together the wisdom。

解析三:汉语名词的总结性补充
汉语从习惯上倾向于在一个名词之后再加一个名词作为总结。比如不稳定的局面,局面作为不稳定的的总结。而英语的习惯是不加名词总结的,因此如果翻译成the situation of instability, 则显得累赘,不地道,应直接译为instability, 这个特性在本文中得到体现的是时代脉搏这个四字格,不少考生会翻译成the impulse of the times, 或者the feature of the times, 事实上无论是直译的impulse, 还是意译的feature, 都是不必要的,因此直接翻译成the times是一个比较理想的选择。

解析四:汉译英的去动词化处理
在第二段中出现了一个并列的结构作为句子的主语:谋和平、维稳定、求合作、促发展是..., 其中四个名词宾语和平,稳定,合作容易翻译,分别为peace, stability, cooperation,development接下来不少考生便开始搜索对应的动词,即谋,维,求。谋就是思考,可以翻译成come up with, map out, 维就是维护,可以翻译成safeguard, maintain, 求就是追求,可以翻译成seek, ensure, 促就是促进的意思,可翻译成promote, enhance, facilitate等。对应的把动词和名词组合在一起不失为一种方法,但另外一种更为地道的处理方式就是运用英语的名词串联,即从逻辑上看,谋、维、求,促都是追求的意思,因此只需要用一个seek来串联四个个宾语。还有一种方式就是利用英语的静态性来对应汉语的动态性,即名词对应动词,直接把四个三字格翻译成peace, stability,cooperation and development,去动词化,也是相当地道的。

附:全文供参考
我们知道,我们论坛“蓝厅”的中文意思就是蓝色的大厅。蓝色让人联想到大海和天空,既包容万象又蕴含热情与活力,契合了和谐共存、开放共赢的理念。它寓意着我们将以海纳百川的包容精神,汲取各界智慧,深化对话交流;以纵论天下的开阔视野,把握时代脉搏,共谋发展大计。

对于21世纪的亚太,有人认为亚太人文荟萃,潜力巨大,前景光明。也有人认为亚太问题丛生,麻烦不断,不容乐观。尽管亚太地区由于历史和现实的原因,还存在这样那样的问题和挑战,但谋和平、维稳定、求合作、促发展是人心所向、大势所趋,亚太正在成为一个充满活力、生机与希望的地区。
 
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