在第十五届夏季达沃斯论坛开幕式上的致辞

Address at the Opening Plenary of the Annual Meeting of the New Champions 2024

中华人民共和国国务院总理 李强

H.E. Li Qiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China

2024年6月25日，大连

Dalian, June 25, 2024

尊敬的杜达总统，

尊敬的范明政总理，

尊敬的施瓦布主席，

尊敬的各位国际组织负责人，

尊敬的各位嘉宾，女士们、先生们、朋友们：

Your Excellency President Andrzej Duda,

Your Excellency Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh,

Professor Klaus Schwab,

Your Excellencies Heads of International Organizations,

Distinguished Guests,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Friends,

很高兴与各位新老朋友相聚在美丽的大连，共同出席第十五届夏季达沃斯论坛。首先，我谨代表中国政府，对年会的召开表示热烈祝贺！对各位嘉宾和媒体朋友的到来表示诚挚欢迎！

It is a great pleasure to join friends, old and new, here in the beautiful city of Dalian for the 15th Annual Meeting of the New Champions. Let me begin by extending, on behalf of the Chinese government, warm congratulations on the opening of the annual meeting and cordial welcome to all participants and journalists.

这是时隔五年后，夏季达沃斯论坛再次在大连举办。回顾过去的五年，百年变局加速演进，世界经济发展面临重要关口，未来何去何从是人们普遍关心的问题。这次年会以“未来增长的新前沿”为主题，具有很强的现实针对性。相信大家对于探索增长新前沿的意义和价值都有一定的思考和体会。在这里，我有三点想法，愿与大家分享交流。

It has been five years since the Summer Davos was last held in Dalian. In the past five years, global transformation not seen in a century unfolded at a faster pace and world economic development reached a critical juncture. As many people wonder where the future of the world lies, this annual meeting, focusing on “Next Frontiers for Growth,” is particularly relevant. I believe you all have your own thoughts and insights about the significance and value of exploring next frontiers for growth. Here, I would like to share with you three observations.

第一，正视当前世界经济面临的增长困境。疫情以来的这几年，世界经济复苏艰难。据国际货币基金组织等机构预测，今后几年世界经济可能维持中低速增长，总体低于疫情前水平。世界经济增长动能不足，既有疫情冲击、通胀高企、债务加剧等阶段性因素影响，也与一些深层次矛盾和问题密切相关。从长周期看，自18世纪60年代以来，以蒸汽机、电力、信息技术为代表的三次工业革命，极大改变了人类生产生活方式，每次工业革命后世界经济都迎来一轮爆发增长期。同时，随着既有技术模式释放动能的减弱，世界经济增长也会逐渐步入一个瓶颈期。这种内在变化带来的影响是多方面的，在宏观上，表现为经济增速放缓，世界经济的蛋糕不再那么容易做大；在中观上，体现为投资收益下降，规模经济效应减弱，越来越多的商业领域由“蓝海”变成了“红海”；在微观上，则是不同主体间竞争加剧、“内卷”增多。基于存量的你争我夺，也一定程度导致了逆全球化抬头、地缘冲突加剧等问题。

First, we need to confront the growth predicament of the world economy. The road to recovery has been treacherous since the onset of COVID-19. According to forecasts of the International Monetary Fund and other institutions, global growth may remain moderate or even slow in the coming years, and generally below the pre-pandemic level. Anemic global growth is not only caused by temporary factors such as impact of the pandemic, high inflation and rising debt. It is also ascribed to some deep-seated problems and intrinsic issues. From a cyclical perspective, the three industrial revolutions since the 1760s, which were respectively marked by the utilization of steam engines, electricity and information technologies, all transformed the way of production and life in human society. Each was followed by a surge in global growth. However, when the impetus unleashed by existing technological models diminished, global growth would slide into a period of stagnation. The impact of such fundamental transformation is manifold. At the macro level, we would see a slowdown of economic growth, and find it more difficult to make the pie of global economy bigger. At the meso level, we would see declining return on investment and diminishing economies of scale, with more business sectors turning from blue to red oceans. At the micro level, we would see intensifying competition among market players and spiraling “involution.” The neck-to-neck contest for available resources is, to some extent, triggering problems including backlash against globalization and escalation of geopolitical conflicts.

面对世界经济的增长困境，各国如果只考虑自身利益最大化，不顾及他人利益，甚至不惜“开历史倒车”，搞“脱钩断链”、“小院高墙”，只会抬高经济运行成本、割裂地区之间经济联系、激化矛盾和纷争，把世界各国拖入争抢蛋糕而蛋糕越争越小的恶性循环。中国人常说“风物长宜放眼量”，在这种情况下，正确的选择应该是以更高远的视野、更宽广的胸襟来对待发展问题，在共同做大蛋糕中寻求自己的合理利益，既为世界经济注入持久动力，也为自身发展打开一片新天地。

Confronted with the growth predicament of the world economy, maximizing one’s own benefits at the expense of others’ interests, or resorting to regressive actions of decoupling, disrupting supply chains and building small yards with high fences would only push up operational costs, sever the economic links between regions and aggravate tensions and disputes. This would drag the world into a destructive spiral where the fierce competition for a larger slice ends up in a diminishing pie. As we Chinese often say, “Range far your eye over long vistas.” In the current context, the right choice is to approach development issues with a longer view and broader mind, and join hands with others to make the pie bigger while pursuing one’s legitimate interests. This is how we could sustain the growth of the world economy, and open new horizon for our own development.

第二，把握科技革命和产业变革的新机遇。摆脱增长困境需要开辟新的动力源。我们欣喜地看到，新一轮科技革命和产业变革深入发展，全球科技创新空前密集活跃，不少领域已点亮星星之火，未来增长的新前沿已经初现端倪。从技术层面看，本轮科技革命以智能、绿色、健康为主要方向，新一代信息技术、能源技术、生物技术等快速发展，既为应对气候变化、能源危机等人类社会重大挑战探索新路径，也显著提升供给体系的质量效率，引领和创造出新的巨大需求。从产业层面看，前沿技术多点突破、相互融合，深刻改变传统生产函数，推动生产力水平实现新的大幅跃升，催生出人工智能、绿色能源、生物医药等新领域新赛道，有望培育出多个规模超万亿美元的支柱产业。从商业模式层面看，与科技革命相适应，经济、产业组织方式加速演变，呈现出平台化、网络化、泛在化的特点，在线服务、反向定制、智能制造等新业态新模式快速涌现，让我们的生活变得更加便捷，也为人人参与其中提供了公平可及的机会。总的来说，一批具有爆发潜力的前沿技术和产业正处在呼之欲出、“化茧成蝶”的前夜，给世界经济步入新一轮上行期带来了光明和希望。

Second, we need to seize the new opportunities brought by the sci-tech revolution and industrial transformation. To overcome the growth predicament, we need to cultivate new engines for growth. We are delighted to see that as the new round of sci-tech revolution and industrial transformation deepens, global innovation activities in science and technology have become more intensive and dynamic than ever before. With the sparks ignited across domains, next frontiers for growth are starting to take shape. From a technology perspective, this round of sci-tech revolution is mainly powered by progress in intelligent, green and health technologies. The rapid advance of cutting-edge information, energy and biological technologies has provided new pathways for tackling climate change, energy crisis and other major challenges facing humanity. It has also notably enhanced the quality and efficiency of the supply system, and catalyzed and generated massive new demand. From an industry perspective, breakthroughs and integration of frontier technologies have redefined traditional production function, triggered a quantum leap in productivity, and opened up new domains and avenues of business, including artificial intelligence (AI), green energy and biomedicine. A host of sectors are expected to evolve into multi-trillion-dollar pillar industries. From a business model perspective, as the sci-tech revolution progresses, the organization of economic activities and industries is undergoing rapid transformation, which is characterized by the features of platform-based operation, networked structure and ubiquitous presence. New forms and models of business such as online services, C2M customization, and smart manufacturing are quickly emerging, making our life more convenient, and giving everyone a fair and accessible chance to participate. In a word, a number of frontier technologies and industries with the potential of explosive growth are metamorphosing and ready to burst onto the stage. This brings light and hope for catapulting the world economy into a new upward cycle.

面对世界科技和产业发展大潮，各国都在进行前瞻性谋划和布局，中国也进行了积极探索。这些年，我们持续推动高质量发展，加快发展新质生产力，培育壮大新动能，既为中国经济发展增添了强劲动力，也为各国企业创造了更大合作空间。中国新产业的快速兴起，顺应了全球科技革命、绿色发展的大势。我们抓住科技革命和产业变革的有利时机，大力推进科技创新，鼓励企业在前沿领域率先布局、持续投入，历经多年浇灌培育，一批具备国际先进水平的企业和产业脱颖而出。特别是我们致力于做应对气候变化的行动派，坚定不移推进“双碳”目标，积极发展新能源等绿色产业。中国的水电、风电、光伏、在建核电装机规模等连续多年保持世界第一，可再生能源装机占比超过50%。中国企业生产的电动汽车、锂电池、光伏产品等，首先保障了国内需求，同时也丰富了国际市场供给，缓解了世界通胀压力，为全球应对气候变化作出积极贡献。中国新产业的快速兴起，根植于自身独特的比较优势。中国拥有14亿多人的超大规模市场、完备的产业配套体系、丰富的人力人才资源、多样化的应用场景，再加上消费者对新技术接受度较高，为企业创新和产品迭代搭建了宽广舞台。规模经济效应的持续显现，能够有效摊薄企业创新成本，容纳不同技术路线、商业模式竞相成长，这也是中国新兴产业具有较强竞争力的根源所在。中国新产业的快速兴起，彰显了企业在创新中的主体作用。企业处在市场最前沿，对需求变化的感知最敏锐，进行创新的愿望也最强烈。我们着力打造市场化、法治化、国际化营商环境，破除限制市场准入和公平竞争的不合理规定，促进各类创新要素向企业聚集，大力弘扬优秀企业家精神，推动企业创新活力充分释放。中国市场是开放的大市场。跨国公司与本土企业在公平的赛道上同台竞技、交流合作，成为推动新兴产业从无到有、发展壮大的重要力量。新产业新动能快速成长，有力支撑了中国经济持续健康发展。今年以来中国经济保持回升向好态势，一季度同比增长5.3%、实现良好开局，二季度继续稳中向好，我们有信心、有能力实现全年5%左右的增长目标。

To embrace the global trend of sci-tech advances and industrial development, all countries are making forward planning and deployment. China has also taken exploratory steps in this regard. In recent years, we have continued to promote high-quality development, accelerate the cultivation of new quality productive forces, and foster new drivers of growth. These efforts have provided strong dynamism for China’s economic development, and created greater cooperation space for companies around the world. The rapid rise of China’s new industries is in line with the global trend of sci-tech revolution and green development. Seizing the favorable opportunities from the sci-tech revolution and industrial transformation worldwide, China has been working hard to advance sci-tech innovation. We encourage companies to be first movers and make continuous investments in cutting-edge fields. Now, after years of cultivation, a number of enterprises and industries in China have gained an edge internationally. In particular, China has been vigorously developing green industries in recent years, such as new energy, to address climate change with concrete actions and meet the twin goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. As a result, China’s installed capacity of hydropower, wind power, solar power and nuclear power under construction has all been topping the world for many years running. And renewable energy now accounts for over 50 percent of China’s total installed capacity. Electric vehicles, lithium batteries and photovoltaic products made by Chinese companies have not only met domestic demand, but also enriched supply in the international market, eased the pressure of inflation worldwide, and contributed to the global climate response. The rapid rise of China’s new industries is rooted in its unique comparative advantages. China has a super-sized market of more than 1.4 billion people, a complete industrial supporting system, abundant labor force and talent pool, and diverse scenarios for application. Plus, Chinese consumers are fairly receptive to new technologies. All these make China a broad stage for enterprises to pursue innovation and upgrade their products. The economies of scale can help to reduce innovation costs for enterprises and accommodate the growth of different technology roadmaps and business models. That is also how China’s emerging industries get their competitiveness. The rapid rise of China’s new industries is a testament to the principal role of enterprises in innovation. Enterprises stand at the forefront of the market. They are most sensitive to the changes of demands, and have the strongest desire for innovation. From the Chinese government’s perspective, we have been doing our best to foster a market-oriented, world-class business environment within a sound legal framework. To that end, we have been abolishing regulations that limit market access and fair competition, facilitating the flow of factors of innovation to enterprises and promoting fine entrepreneurial spirit, so that enterprises can fully unleash the dynamism of innovation. China’s large market is open. Foreign companies compete, communicate and cooperate with domestic ones on a level playing field, and they have become a major force enabling the birth and growth of emerging industries. The rapid growth of new industries and new drivers has buttressed the sound and sustained development of the Chinese economy. Since the start of this year, the Chinese economy has sustained the momentum of recovery. It got off to a good start in the first quarter with a 5.3 percent year-on-year growth, and continued steady growth in the second quarter. We have the confidence and capability to achieve the growth target of around 5 percent for this year.

第三，开辟未来经济发展的广阔蓝海。面对新一轮科技革命和产业变革的重大机遇，我们将始终把握建设开放型世界经济的大方向，乘势而上、大胆探索，共同打造新的发展空间。借此机会，我提四点倡议。

Third, we need to open up a vast blue ocean for future economic development. Facing major opportunities brought by the latest round of sci-tech revolution and industrial transformation, we will, as always, keep to the direction of building an open world economy, harness the momentum, make bold explorations, and work together to create new development space. In this connection, I wish to propose the following:

一是深化科技交流合作。科技要素是影响未来发展的关键变量，而重大科技进步往往来自于持续研究积累和广泛合作。在开辟新前沿的过程中，不应该是你输我赢的零和博弈，而应该是你追我赶的共同成长。小院高墙圈不住对手的发展，只会困住自己的手脚。我们应在保护知识产权的基础上，为科技创新营造开放、公正、非歧视的环境，让一切创新创造的源泉充分涌流。

– First, deepening sci-tech exchanges and cooperation. Science and technology are key variables in future development. Major sci-tech progress usually comes from unrelenting research, accumulation and extensive cooperation. The exploration of new frontiers should not be seen as a zero-sum game. It is a process where all players compete for excellence and make progress together. Resorting to the “small yard, high fence” approach cannot hold back the development of others; it only ends up constraining oneself. The wise thing to do is to create an open, fair and nondiscriminatory environment for sci-tech innovation on the basis of protecting intellectual property, so as to enable the free flow of ideas for innovation and creation.

二是厚植绿色发展底色。人类只有一个地球，未来增长首先是人与自然和谐共生的增长。我们应坚持《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《巴黎协定》确定的目标和原则框架，遵循共同但有区别的责任原则，履行好各自减排责任，不能为了一时的经济增长，而迟缓绿色转型步伐，也不能以“绿色环保”为名，行贸易保护主义之实。绿色转型本身也蕴藏着巨大发展潜能，我们应共同推动绿色低碳产业发展，打造更多绿色经济增长点。

– Second, enhancing the foundation for green development. There is only one Earth for humanity. Growth in the future has to be premised on harmony between man and nature. We need to stand by the goals and principles of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Paris Agreement, follow the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, and deliver on our respective emission reduction responsibilities. We cannot slow down our pace in green transition in exchange for short-term growth, or practice protectionism in the name of green development or environmental protection. Green transition itself provides huge potential for development. We need to jointly advance the development of green and low-carbon industries and foster more growth drivers for the green economy.

三是维护开放市场环境。世界经济发展的历史证明，开放带来进步，封闭导致落后。只有在开放中互动交流、取长补短，才能不断拓展发展边界，发现和开辟新的前沿。可以说，国际合作的深度支撑起人类发展的高度。我们应敞开胸怀、紧密协作，摒弃阵营对立，反对脱钩断链，维护产业链供应链稳定畅通，推进贸易和投资自由化便利化，引导推动全球化健康发展，汇聚世界经济增长强大合力。

– Third, safeguarding an open market environment. The history of global economic development shows that openness brings progress while isolation leaves one behind. Only through open interactions, exchanges and mutual learning can we keep pushing the boundaries of development and discover and open up new frontiers. In many ways, the depth of international cooperation determines the height of human development. So it is essential that we embrace each other with open arms and work closely with each other, reject bloc confrontation and decoupling, keep industrial and supply chains stable and smooth, and advance trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, so as to promote the sound development of globalization and form a strong synergy for global economic growth.

四是促进包容普惠发展。人工智能、大数据等新技术在促进经济增长的同时，也可能引发结构性失业、贫富分化加剧、科技和智能鸿沟等问题。我们应统筹好发展和治理，针对前沿科技和产业发展带来的规则冲突、社会风险等，及时完善相关法律及治理框架，努力实现惠及面更广、包容性更强的发展。做好针对弱势群体的教育培训，提高劳动者技能，让创新成果造福更多国家和人民。

– Fourth, promoting inclusive and mutually beneficial development. New technologies such as AI and big data, while contributing to economic growth, may also cause problems such as structural unemployment, economic inequality and technology and AI divide. It is important to coordinate the development and governance of new technologies, make timely improvements to laws and governance frameworks to address conflicting rules and social risks brought by frontier technologies and industrial development, and strive to achieve more inclusive development that benefits all. It is also important to provide education and training to vulnerable groups and upskill the workforce, so that more countries and people can benefit from innovation.

女士们、先生们、朋友们！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Friends,

发展永无止境，探索亦无止境。我们愿与各国一道，携手共进、扬帆远航，共同推动世界经济这艘巨轮驶入广阔蓝海，共创人类社会更加美好的未来！

Development has no limits. Exploration knows no boundary. China stands ready to join hands with all countries to sail the giant ship of the world economy into a vast blue ocean and create an even brighter future for humanity.

预祝本届年会圆满成功！

I wish the annual meeting a full success.

谢谢大家！

Thank you.