“十五五”规划为中美经贸和地方合作打开新的机遇之窗

China’s 15th Five-Year Plan will open a window of opportunity for China-U.S. economic and subnational cooperation

——谢锋大使在印第安纳州工商界圆桌会上的演讲

— Remarks by H.E. Ambassador Xie Feng at the roundtable with the business community of Indiana

尊敬的辛德斯总裁兼首席执行官、肯尼迪首席执行官，

各位朋友：

Ms. Vanessa Sinders,

Ms. Melina Kennedy,

Dear friends,

很高兴时隔20多年再次来到美丽的印第安纳州。在印州商会、印州首席执行官企业伙伴关系组织和各位业界领袖的不懈努力下，印州已成为全美最具竞争力的州之一，正在“印第安纳繁荣2035”（Indiana Prosperity 2035）计划下再启新程。

It is my great pleasure to be back in the beautiful state of Indiana after more than 20 years. Thanks to the tireless efforts ofthe Indiana Chamber of Commerce, the CEOs of Indiana Corporate Partnership (CICP), and business leaders like you, Indiana has become one of the most competitive states in the United States, and is setting out on a new journey under the Indiana Prosperity 2035 vision.

中国人民对接续奋斗，“一张蓝图绘到底、一茬接着一茬干”有着最深切的体悟。新中国成立以来，我们通过连续实施14个“五年规划”，从一穷二白的农业国成长为世界第二大经济体，GDP由1952年的约260亿美元升至2025年的约20万亿美元。前不久，中国全国两会胜利召开，审议通过了“十五五”规划，不仅为中国描绘了2026—2030年的幸福蓝图，也给中国同世界合作创造了新的历史机遇。我愿同大家分享两点看法。

Likewise, the Chinese people fully know how important it is to keep working on the same blueprint to make it a reality. Since the founding of New China, through implementing 14 Five-Year Plans consecutively, we have transformed our country from an impoverished agricultural nation into the world’s second-largest economy, raising the GDP from around $26 billion in 1952 to around $20 trillion in 2025. Last month, China held its annual“two sessions”, at which the 15th Five-Year Plan was adopted. The plan has not only drawn China’s blueprint for a better life in the coming five years, but also brought historical opportunities to China’s cooperation with the rest of the world. Let me share two thoughts with you.

第一，中国发展向新向优，是“印州繁荣”的绝佳伙伴。

First, with its innovation-driven and high-quality development, China is your perfect“Partner IN Prosperity”.

——“民生”作导向。“十五五”规划提出的20项主要指标中，7项涉及民生福祉，围绕人的全生命周期，民生保障从“有”向“优”不断升级。推动人均预期寿命提高到80岁，提升3岁以下婴幼儿入托率。将劳动年龄人口平均受教育年限提高到11.7年，新建、扩建1000所优质高中，进一步普及优质均衡的教育保障。谋划建设1000个紧密型县域医疗卫生共同体，让百姓看病更便利。

—China’s development will be centered on people. Among the 20 main indicators outlined in the 15th Five-Year Plan, seven focus on improving our people’s wellbeing throughout all stages of life, shifting the emphasis from ensuring basic coverage to enhancing service quality. We aim to raise our average life expectancy to 80 years, and boost childcare enrollment for children under 3 years old. We will raise the average duration of education for the working-age population to 11.7 years, build, renovate or expand 1,000 high-quality senior high schools, and further ensure high-quality and balanced education for all. We also plan to build 1,000 integrated county-level medical communities, so that our people can access medical services more easily.

“民生导向”将激活中国14亿人口超大规模市场红利。目前中国中等收入群体超过4亿，未来十多年预计将超过8亿，成为高端化、多样化消费的主力军。印州知名企业康明斯每年在华销售收入约50—70亿美元，中国是其除美本土之外最大且增长最快的单一海外市场；礼来制药看好在华发展前景，未来十年对华将新增30亿美元投资。目前，中国正在深入实施提振消费专项行动，计划到2027年形成智能网联汽车、消费电子、老年用品等3个万亿级消费领域和智能穿戴、化妆品、婴童用品、宠物用品等10个千亿级消费热点。万亿级市场的“超级红利”可望可及，布局中国就是赢得先机，投资中国将带来丰厚回报。

This people-centered approach will fully unlock the potential of China’s huge market of 1.4 billion people.China’s middle-income group, now 400 million strong, is expected to exceed 800 million in the next decade or more, who will have higher-end and more diverse consumption demands. Among Indiana-based enterprises, Cummins records annual sales of about $5–$7 billion in China, which has become its largest and fastest-growing overseas market. Eli Lilly is optimistic about growth prospects in China, and plans to invest $3 billion more over the next decade.

At present, China is advancing special initiatives to boost consumption. By 2027, we will foster 3 trillion-yuan-level consumer markets, namely, internet-connected smart vehicles, consumer electronics, and elder-care products; as well as 10 hundred-billion-yuan-level consumption hotspots, including smart wearables, cosmetics, baby products, and pet supplies. The vast benefits of the trillion-yuan market is within sight and tangible.Tapping into the Chinese market secures a head start, and investing in China is bound to yield strong returns.

——“创新”注动力。未来五年，中国将重点打造包括集成电路、航空航天、生物医药、低空经济、新型储能及智能机器人在内的六大新兴支柱产业，相关产值在2025年已接近8700亿美元，预计到2030年有望扩大到1.45万亿美元以上。量子科技、生物制造、绿色氢能和核聚变能、脑机接口、具身智能、第六代移动通信等六大未来产业，将加速从技术突破迈向应用落地，不断培育发展新动能。

—China’s innovation will spark fresh momentum. In the next five years, we will prioritize fostering six emerging pillar industries: namely, integrated circuits, aviation and aerospace, biomedicine, the low-altitude economy, new types of energy storage, and intelligent robots. The combined output of these sectors already approached $870 billion in 2025, and is expected to surpass $1.45 trillion by 2030. Also, in six future industries, including quantum technology, biomanufacturing, green hydrogen and nuclear fusion power, brain-computer interfaces, embodied AI, and 6G mobile communications, we will move faster from technological breakthroughs to practical applications, and nurture new drivers of economic growth.

如果把科技创新比作“金种子”，那么中国完整的产业体系就是“肥沃土”。中国作为全球唯一拥有联合国产业分类中全部工业门类的国家，在任何一个领域，都能迅速组织起从研发到生产、从应用到服务的全链条资源，快速响应市场需求、降低生产成本、助力企业发展。例如，上海超级工厂助力特斯拉脱困逆袭、跃升为全球市值最高的汽车企业；佛罗里达州16岁女孩设计的发圈式杯套NightCap在中国珠三角“落地”，3天出样、7天量产，成本从4.4美元降至1.2美元，成为风靡北美的爆款产品。从“在华制造”到“在华创新”，越来越多的跨国企业把研发中心设在中国，将首发、首秀安排在中国，将中国作为锻造企业全球竞争力的试验场和价值创造高地。对美国中小企业而言，中国是协助他们把设计转化为产品并做大做强的最理想之地。

If technological innovation is the“golden seed”, then China’s fully-fledged industrial system is the fertile soil for it to thrive. As the only country boasting all the industrial categories listed in the UN industrial classification, China can quickly mobilize resources in any sector along the full chain, from R&D to manufacturing, application, and services, so as to swiftly meet market demand, lower production costs, and facilitate business development.

For instance, Tesla’s Gigafactory in Shanghai helped the company rise from difficulty tobecome the world’s most valuable automaker. The scrunchie-style drink cover idea from a 16-year-old girl in Florida became reality in China’s Pearl River Delta, with samples ready in 3 days, mass production in 7 days, and costs reduced from $4.4 to $1.2. The product, NightCap, later took North America by storm.

From“producing in China”to “innovating in China”, more and more multinationals are setting up their R&D centers in China and choosing to debut their latest products there, seeing China as a testing ground for global competitiveness and a hub for value creation. For American SMEs in particular, China is the ideal place to turn their vision into reality, grow, and prosper.

——“开放”享机遇。根据“十五五”规划，中国将坚持合作共赢，进一步扩大高水平对外开放，不断深化制度型开放，促进国内国际规则、规制、管理、标准相通相容，营造透明稳定可预期的制度环境。以服务业为重点扩大市场准入和开放领域，进一步扩大增值电信、生物技术、外商独资医院等领域开放试点，有序扩大数字领域开放。积极扩大进口，推进贸易平衡发展。扩大双向投资合作，保障外资企业国民待遇。健全知识产权保护机制，探索扩大商标保护范围，优化版权保护机制，拓展知识产权纠纷解决渠道。加快政府采购制度改革，全面落实公平竞争原则。中国不断出台新的开放措施，解决企业发展痛点。例如，今年1月，中国修订《药品管理法实施条例》，允许在境外取得的合规数据用于在中国申请药品注册，这将为美国生物医药行业的创新发展提供更大便利。

—China’s openness will create more opportunities. According to the 15th Five-Year Plan, China will commit to win-win cooperation, further expand high-standard opening up, deepen institutional opening up, harmonize domestic and international rules, regulations, management, and standards, and foster a transparent, stable, and predictable institutional environment.

We will expand market access and open up more areas, particularly in the service sector. We will further expand opening-up trials for value-added telecom services, biotechnology, wholly foreign-owned hospitals, and other fields, and take well-ordered steps to expand opening up in the digital sector.We will boost imports to promote balanced trade. We will expand two-way investment cooperation, and ensure national treatment for foreign-funded enterprises. We will improve the intellectual property protection system, explore expanding the scope of trademark protection, optimize copyright protection mechanisms, and broaden channels for resolving intellectual property disputes. We will also accelerate the reform of the government procurement system, and fully implement the principle of fair competition.

China has been rolling out new opening-up measures to tackle the obstacles to business development. For example, we revised theRegulations for the Implementation of the Drug Administration Law in January, allowing compliant data obtained overseas to be used for drug registration applications in China, which will significantly facilitate innovation and development in the American biomedicine industry.

第二，携手中国共创未来，是“印州繁荣”的明智之选。

Second, engaging with China and making a difference is the wise choice for achieving prosperity in Indiana.

印州与中国友好合作历史悠久、基础良好。展望未来，双方各领域务实合作大有可为。我提五点建议：

Friendly cooperation between Indiana and China has a long history and a good foundation. In the future,we can achieve a lot in practical cooperation across the board. I would like to offer five suggestions:

一是加强优势产业对接。印州生物医药、医疗器械、汽车零部件、农业科技等产业发达，中国在这些领域也拥有较强的技术实力，两国企业完全可以强强联合。康明斯、礼来制药、科迪华等印州企业在这方面已经走在了前列。中国正在扩大文化、体育和旅游消费，印第安纳波利斯作为“世界赛车之都”，“印第500赛事”举世瞩目，双方加强体育赛事和文旅合作前景光明。印州作为著名的农业州，大豆、玉米、生猪、火鸡产量均位列全美前五位，鸭肉、爆米花产量位居第一。我们欢迎更多印州特色农产品出口中国，摆上中国消费者的餐桌。

Number one, we need to enhance synergy between our competitive industries. Indiana boasts well-developed biomedicine, medical equipment, auto parts, and agricultural technology industries. China also has technological strengths in these sectors, so our businesses are well positioned to partner with and complement one another, as what Cummins, Eli Lilly and Corteva have been doing.

China is boosting consumption in culture, sports and tourism.Indiana is known as the “Racing Capital of the World”, with the world-famous Indianapolis 500. So our cooperation in sports events, culture and tourism enjoys bright prospects.

As a premier agricultural powerhouse,Indiana ranks among the top five in the U.S. for soybeans, corn, swine and turkeys, and first in duck meat and popcorn production. We welcome more agricultural specialties from Indiana and look forward to seeing them on the tables of the Chinese people.

二是发挥重要平台作用。两国产业组织要积极做对话与合作的渠道与桥梁。中国贸促会、印州商会、印州首席执行官企业伙伴关系组织、美中贸委会可以发挥重要作用，推动合作项目落地。中国每年举办进博会、广交会、服贸会、消博会、链博会，印州每年也会举办体育赛车、游戏动漫、工业建材等各类展会，这些都是中美企业对接合作的重要平台。上海进博会是世界上首个以进口为主题的国家级展会。今年，中国商务部将举办超百场“出口中国”系列活动，强化供需互配，欢迎印州企业积极参加。

Number two, we need to leverage important platforms. Industry groups in both countries need to actively build bridges for dialogue and cooperation. Organizations such as the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, the Indiana Chamber of Commerce, the CICP, and the U.S.-China Business Council all have an important role to play in facilitating the rollout of partnership projects.

China hosts a lot of events every year, including the China International Import Expo, the Canton Fair, the China International Fair for Trade in Services, the China International Consumer Products Expo, and the China International Supply Chain Expo. Indiana also holds exhibitions in the fields of sports and racing, gaming and animation, and industrial building materials annually. All these are major platforms for our businesses to connect and cooperate. TheChina International Import Expo in Shanghai, for instance, is the world’s first national-level expo dedicated to imports. Our Ministry of Commerce will also hold more than 100 “Export to China” events this year to better match supply and demand. We warmly welcome businesses from Indiana to participate.

三是用好友好省州渠道。印州与浙江省建有友好省州关系，同浙江、江苏等省的市县建立了20多对友城关系，其中印第安纳波利斯与杭州2008年结为友城。2025年，浙江省GDP超1.3万亿美元，杭州市GDP超3200亿美元，正在大力发展电子商务、人工智能、金融科技、生物医药、高端装备制造等产业，杭州还是阿里巴巴、DeepSeek、吉利等许多头部企业的总部所在地。印州州长布劳恩提出未来十年投资十亿美元、增加十万高薪就业岗位的计划，如能发挥好上述友好省州和友城关系，相信将有助于提前实现这一目标。

Number three, we need tomake good use of our sister province relationships. Indiana and Zhejiang Province are sister provinces, and cities across the state have established over 20 sister-city partnerships with counterparts in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other Chinese provinces. For instance, Indianapolis and Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang, became sister cities in 2008. Last year, the GDP of Zhejiang Province and Hangzhou exceeded $1.3 trillion and $320 billion respectively. Industries including e-commerce, AI, fintech, biopharmaceuticals, and high-end equipment manufacturing are booming there, and Hangzhou is also home to the headquarters of many industry leaders, such as Alibaba, DeepSeek and Geely. I know Governor Mike Braun has announced a major initiative committing $1 billion over the next 10 years to create 100,000 new high-wage jobs in Indiana. I believe capitalizing on our sister province and city relationships will help reach the goal earlier.

四是拉紧人文交流纽带。习近平主席2023年在旧金山宣布“5年5万”倡议，旨在促进中美青少年交流，目前已有4万多美国青少年赴华交流学习，落实进度远超预期，说明美国青少年了解真实中国的热情高涨。数据显示，中国学生是印州规模最大的国际学生群体，约占印州国际学生的13%，主要集中在普渡大学、印第安纳大学、圣母大学等院校。平均而言，中国留学生在美期间每人每年在当地至少花费7至8万美元。毕业后，中国留学生如留在印州，有助于满足“印第安纳繁荣2035”计划中对人才的需求，回到中国亦将成为中美友好合作的桥梁。中方敦促美方一些部门和人员停止盘查滋扰甚至无端遣返中国留学生，切实保障中国留学生的正当权益。

Number four, we need to nurture closer ties between our people. In San Francisco in 2023, President Xi Jinping announced the initiative of inviting 50,000 young Americans to China on exchange and study programs in the following five years, with the aim of promoting exchanges between the young people of our two countries. So far, the progress has far exceeded our expectations, with more than 40,000 American teenagers having visited China under the program, a testament to the eagerness of young Americans to know the real China.

In the meantime, Chinese students are the largest group of international students in Indiana, accounting for about 13% of the total, most of whom study atPurdueUniversity, Indiana University and the University of Notre Dame. During their time in the U.S., Chinese students spend at least $70,000 to $80,000 on average per person locally every year. They will help meet the talent needs outlined in the Indiana Prosperity 2035 plan if staying in the state after graduation, and will build bridges of China-U.S. friendship and cooperation if returning to China.

China urges some U.S. departments and personnel to stop interrogating, harassing and even groundlessly deporting Chinese students, and earnestly protect their legitimate rights and interests.

五是开创公平竞争环境。中国不怕也不回避竞争。相互激励，你追我赶，共同提高，才是竞争的真谛。竞争就要讲规矩，不能随意改变规则，更不能给对手挖坑、抹黑、使绊子，正如美国的NBA比赛规则公开透明一样，不能朝令夕改。中美应该倡导肯德基与麦当劳、百事可乐与可口可乐间的良性竞争。当然，有竞争就会有输赢，不能预设竞争结果，既要赢得起也要输得起，不能只有自己赢才说是公平竞争，别人赢时就说竞争不公平。中国市场不是封闭市场，而是高度竞争、充分开放的市场。无论是中国企业还是外国企业，都需要依靠技术、质量、服务和效率来赢得消费者。正如梅赛德斯—奔驰公司董事会主席康林松所说，“就像运动员希望参加最好的联赛一样，你如果想在最高水平竞争，就必须在中国。”欢迎美资企业来到中国市场强筋壮骨，从中国再出发，赢在全世界，同时希望印州为中国企业提供公平公正非歧视的营商环境。

Number five, we need to create a level playing field.China does not fear and will not shy away from competition. But competition should be about motivating each other and progressing together in a race to the top. Both sides should follow the rules of the game, rather than change them at will, and certainly not smear or trip the other up. Just as NBA rules are open and transparent, the rules should not flip-flop back and forth. China and the U.S. should advocate healthy competition, as that between KFC and McDonald’s, and between PepsiCo and Coca-Cola. Of course, as the saying goes, “Some days you win, some days you lose.” We should accept either outcome with grace, rather than deciding the result in advance, and calling the game unfair when we lose.

The Chinese market is not a closed market, but one fully open and filled with competition. Be it Chinese or foreign businesses, ultimately they need to win over consumers with their technology, quality, services and efficiency. As Mr.Ola Källenius, Chairman of the Board of Management of the Mercedes-BenzGroup, aptly put it, “If you want to play football, you wanna play in the Champions League. The Chinese market is the Champions League (of the automotive industry).” We welcome American businesses to build their strength in the Chinese market, and win the world starting from China. At the same time, we hope Indiana will also provide a fair, just and non-discriminatory business environment for Chinese enterprises.

各位朋友，

Dear friends,

习近平主席指出，中美关系希望在人民，基础在民间，未来在青年，活力在地方。当前，中美关系存在一些挑战分歧，有些美国人将中国视为“步步紧逼的威胁”，将中国当成对手甚至敌人。在对华强硬的所谓“政治正确”和“寒蝉效应”影响下，很多朋友内心支持中美合作，但不愿公开讲出来。我2023年到任后给自己的一项任务就是将那些支持中美关系发展的老朋友一个一个找出来，大家一起发声出力。2025年底芝加哥全球事务委员会民调显示，支持与中国友好合作的美国民众占53%，五年来首次过半，这一民意回暖势头令人深受鼓舞。

President Xi Jinping pointed out that, the hope of the China-U.S. relationship lies in the people, its foundation is in our societies, its future depends on the youth, and its vitality comes from exchanges at subnational levels. Indeed, there are some challenges and differences between China and the U.S. Some people in the U.S. see China asa“pacing threat”, a rival, or even an adversary. Being tough on China seems to have become politically correct. Daunted by the chilling effect, many friends who support China-U.S. cooperation are reluctant to speak up. When I arrived in the U.S. in 2023, I decided that one of my tasks would be to find all those who stand for developing China-U.S. relations, so we can put in the effort together. I am glad to share with you that, a poll by the Chicago Council on Global Affairs late last year showed that 53% of Americans favor friendly cooperation and engagement with China, exceeding 50% for the first time in five years. This positive rebound should give us all hope.

中美建交47年的发展历程反复证明，中美不打交道是不行的，想改变对方是不切实际的，冲突对抗的后果是谁都不能承受的。中美应当做伙伴、做朋友，相互成就、共同繁荣。今年是中美关系“大年”，双方将迎来一系列高层交往，中美还将分别主办亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议和二十国集团领导人峰会。在两国元首战略引领下，我们不仅要推动今年中美关系行稳致远，而且要在相互尊重、和平共处、合作共赢原则的基础上，探索新时期中美正确相处之道，造福两国、惠及世界。

The development of China-U.S. relations over the past 47 years since we established diplomatic ties has proven time and again that, for our two countries, turning our back on each other is not an option. Trying to remodel the other is unrealistic. And conflict and confrontation would have unbearable consequences for both sides. China and the U.S. should be partners and friends, help each other succeed, and prosper together. This year is a big year for China-U.S. relations. We will see a series of high-level exchanges, and will also respectively host the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting and the G20 Summit. Under the strategic guidance of our Presidents, we should not only advance the steady and sustained development of bilateral relations this year, but also explore the right way to get along in the new era based on the principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation, so as to benefit both our countries and the whole world.

印第安纳被称为“美国的十字路口”。十字路口，四通八达，是一种便利，也是战略优势，但要选对方向，抓住机遇。中国机遇和印州繁荣完全可以有机对接。期待大家做中美地方合作的推动者、互利共赢的践行者、民间友好的播种者，用暖流驱赶寒潮，用开放冲破隔阂，用信任灌溉希望，用合作迎来丰收。

Indiana is known as the“crossroads of America”. As a major transportation hub, the state already enjoys distinct strategic strengths. Meanwhile, what matters even more is to move in the right direction and make the most of opportunities. China’s opportunities and Indiana’s prosperity are a perfect match. I count on all of you here to actively promote China-U.S. subnational cooperation, pursue mutual benefit, and sow the seeds of friendship between our two peoples, so that together, we can drive away the chill with warmth, overcome estrangement through openness, irrigate hope with trust, and reap a bountiful harvest through cooperation.

谢谢大家！

Thank you very much.